Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.

Thallus: continuous, superficial or semi-immersed in the substrate upper surface: white, smooth photobiont: a trentepohlioid alga Perithecia: spherical, black, semi-immersed in the thallus, 0.3-0.7 mm diam. ascomatal wall: black, continuous (but thinner) below the hamathecium hamathecium: composed of branched pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing above and between the asci; filaments: c. 2 µm wide, heavily inspersed with yellowish oil droplets in gel asci: cylindrical, c. 90-110 x 12-17 µm, with 8, irregularly arranged ascospores ascospores: hyaline, fusiform to long-ellipsoid, 3-septate with distosepta leaving angular, diamond-shaped lumina, 21-24 x 6-8 µm; walls: not ornamented, without a gelatinous sheath Spot tests: all negative, UV+ yellow Secondary metabolite: lichexanthone. Substrate and ecology: on bark of unidentified woody plants World distribution: pantropical and extending somewhat northwards Sonoran distribution: only collected once on the Channel Islands (California).