Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.

Thallus: crustose, areolate areoles: tiny, angular, flat, 0.1-0.2 mm broad surface: dark-brown, becoming slightly more olive-brown when moist; surface minutely rough, marginal areoles showing a slight tendency to become sorediate medulla: dark hypothallus: dark Perithecia: 0.6-1.0 mm wide, immersed, one per areole, a broadened black flat involucrellar tip visible; ostiole: not noticeable, involucrellum: black, wrapping around the dark exciple; hymenial gelatin: I- asci: saccate, 1-2-spored ascospores: ovoid, pale brown, muriform, up to 6-11-septate transversely, 1-2-septate longitudinally, 23-39 x 10-18 µm Spot tests: all negative Secondary metabolites: none detected. Substrate and ecology: on granitic rocks or non calcareous rocks in montane area, 1400-2000m World distribution: from central Mexico to California, Texas and southern Utah Sonoran distribution: scattered in Arizona and southwards to Sonora.