Global occurrence: Eurasia – Europe | Arctic.  Substrate: rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified.  Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts).  Thallus: foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like; continuous, diffuse, effuse [th] upper surface: black(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | grey(ish) black | grey(ish); [th upper surface]: epruinose [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (low) 0.2 (high) 2.0; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): contiguous, coherent (throughout the thallus); [th] lower surface: black(ish); [th lower surface] specific structures: present; [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: absent. Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial; ascoma [mm]: (median) 5.0; ascoma: sessile, superficial; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: brown(ish) black | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon); [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: epruinose; [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: black(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | grey(ish) black; [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: hyaline, colourless; [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present. Asci: lecanoralean; [asc] tholus: thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present; [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: amyloid with widening axial body towards the apex (= Lecanora-, Parmelia-, Rinodina-types etc). Ascospores: (median) 8.0 [asp] shape: globose, spherical | ellipsoidal; [asp] length [µm]: (low) 7.5 (high) 10.0; [asp] width [µm]: (low) 5.0 (high) 7.0; [asp] septa: absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular; [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless; [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent.  Conidiomata: absent | present; Conidia: bifusiform | clavate | bacilliform, bacillary; [co] length [µm]: (low) 4.5 (high) 6.0.  Secondary metabolites: present; alectorialic acid | barbatolic acid | unknown/unidentified compound(s) | atranorin | physodic acid | protocetraric acid.  Primary photobiont: present; chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.  Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.