Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.

Thallus: continuous, immersed in the substrate upper surface: whitish, smooth photobiont: usually a trentepohlioid alga, but absent in Sonoran material Perithecia: hemispherical, black, semi-immersed in the thallus, 0.3-0.5 mm diam. perithecial wall: black, continuous below the hamathecium hamathecium: branched pseudoparaphyses, anastomosing above the asci; filaments: c. 1 µm wide, not inspersed with oil droplets asci: clavate, c. 75-100 x 10-15 µm, with 8, irregularly arranged ascospores ascospores: hyaline, ovoid, 1-septate with a submedian euseptum, 15-17 x 7-8 µm; walls: slightly ornamented with warts when old, without a gelatinous sheath Pycnidia: not observed Spot tests: all negative, UV- Secondary metabolites: none detected. Substrate and ecology: on bark of various woody plants World distribution: pantropical Sonoran distribution: only found in Baja California Sur and Sinaloa, but there not rare. Notes: It is a common, pantropical species, which is especially abundant in coastal regions. Remarkably, the Sonoran Desert material was not lichenized.