Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2007. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 3.

Life habit: lichenized Thallus: ± white, finely fissured-areolate, effuse, sometimes delimited by blackish brown prothalline line, in section up to 0.2 mm thick medulla: distinct, cretacous, with numerous granules and K+ soluble crystals photobiont: trentepohlioid Ascomata: irregularly rounded, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, immersed, separate or confluent, disc: reddish brown, plane, with whitish pruina epihymenium: reddish brown, 10-20 µm thick, hyphal tips not to slightly enlargened, K+ green hymenium: hyaline, 50-60 µm tall; paraphysoids: branched and anastomosing, up to 1.5 µm thick; subhymenium: hyaline to light brown, 50-80 µm thick asci: subglobose to clavate, 33-45 x 15-18 µm, 8-spored ascospores: persistently hyaline or when old brown and warted, 1-3 septate, the upper cells sometimes enlarged, ovoid to oblong ovoid, 11-15 x 4-5(-5.5) µm, without or with a poorly developed epispore Pycnidia: immersed, uniocular, up to 300 µm tall and 250 µ wide conidia: filiform, curved, 14-20 x 1 µm Chemical reactions: thallus I+ blue to red, K+ yellow, C-, P-; ascomatal gels I+ (blue rapidly turning) red, KI+ blue, without a KI+ blue ring-structure Secondary metabolite: confluentic acid. Substrate and ecology: on acidic rocks in a very oceanic habitat World and Sonoran distribution: southern California (Santa Rosa Island). Note: Associated lichens include Schizopelte, Dirina and other maritime lichens.