Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Thallus: crustose, usually continuous, ±rimose to areolate, sometimes subsquamulose or partly tuberculate to granular areoles: discrete to contiguous, convex surface: gray-green to green-brown, rarely ±gray, wrinkled to warted Apothecia: at first flat, eventually becoming convex, 0.3 disc: pale yellow to pale pink, sometimes pale orange, brown-orange, orange-brown, or red-brown, epruinose margin: concolorous with disc, at first distinct, level with or raised above disc, fairly persistent but usually finally excluded exciple: laterally 40-65 µm wide, without crystals, colorless to pale brown-orange, rarely brown-orange (K+ intensifying, N-), fading below; without distinct zone of enlarged cells along the edge, cell lumina instead gradually wider below, sometimes also slightly widening from interior towards edge epithecium: colorless or diffusely pale yellow to pale brown-orange (K+ intensifying, N-); crystals absent hymenium: hyaline, 50-75 µm tall; paraphyses: 1-1.6 µm wide in mid-hymenium, apices mostly only slightly or not at all swollen, a few sometimes ±clavate, 1-3.2 µm wide, without distinct hoods of pigment hypothecium: colorless to pale brown-orange, rarely brown-orange (K+ intensifying, N-), ±concolorous with the exciple asci: clavate, 8-spored ascospores: hyaline, 3- or occasionally 7-septate, bacilliform, fusiform, or almost clavate, straight or only slightly curved, 16-40 x 1.9-3.7 µm, Pycnidia: immersed in thallus, colorless, c. 75 µm in diam. conidia: filiform, straight or only slightly curved, non-septate, 13-17 x 0.8-1 µm Spot tests: all negative Secondary metabolites: none detected. Habitat and ecology: on bark of trees, often on the basal parts of trees in humid forests World distribution: probably pantropical Sonoran distribution: known only from a single locality in southern Baja California Sur.