Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.

Thallus: continuous, immersed in the substrate upper surface: white to rarely yellowish gray, smooth; photobiont: trentepohlioid Perithecia: hemispherical, black, semi-immersed in the thallus, 0.2-0.5 mm diam. ascomatal wall: black, absent below the hamathecium hamathecium: mostly unbranched pseudoparaphyses, not anastomosing; filaments: up to c. 3 µm wide below, not inspersed with oil droplets asci: cylindrical to clavate, c. 80-120 x 11-20 µm, with 8, irregularly arranged ascospores ascospores: hyaline, long ellipsoid, 1-septate with a median euseptum, 16-25 x 5-8 µm, with median endospore thickenings in each cell, often breaking into part spores when old; walls: ornamented with warts, without a gelatinous sheath Spot tests: all negative, UV negative Secondary metabolites: none detected. Substrate and ecology: on bark of various woody plants, most common in the area on Quercus World distribution: probably restricted to (sub-) tropical America Sonoran distribution: a rather common species, with numerous collections from southern California (Channel Islands), Baja California Sur and Sinaloa.