Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Vegetative hyphae: indistinct or composed of a few brownish hyphae of 4-5 µm in diam. Pseudothecia: black, globose, semi-immersed, c. 100 µm high and c. 100 µm wide wall: upper part dark brown, lower part medium brown, 10-20 µm thick hamathecium: absent in mature ascomata asci: clavate, c. 45 x 25 µm, 8-spored; endoascus: I- ascospores: hyaline initially, pale brownish when mature, 1-septate, constricted at the septa, with 1 oil droplet per cell, ellipsoid, 15-20 x 7-9 µm, obtuse-ended; walls: smooth, thin or with gelatinous sheath, I- Pycnidia: not seen. Hosts: thallus of Umbilicaria species, including U. cylindrica World distribution: Europe, and North America (U.S.A.) Sonoran distribution: San Francisco Peaks in Arizona.