Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Life habit: lichenized Thallus: crustose, continuous or cracked, often with fine cracks along the lirellae surface: pale gray, pale greenish gray or cream-colored, dull, often mealy or slightly roughened, ±uneven, without soralia and isidia cortex: poorly developed or lacking medulla: white, often with large crystals photobiont: primary one a Trentepohlia green alga, secondary one absent Ascomata: apothecial, concolorous with the thallus or slightly paler, flush with the thallus or slightly raised, often separated by fine cracks from the rest of the thallus, lirellate lirellae: elongate or ±rounded, slightly curved and branched, often numerous and clustered together, 0.5-3 x 0.2-0.4 mm disc: concealed, narrow or slightly expanded, distinctly white pruinose margin: absent or inconspicuous and entire exciple: not carbonized, poorly developed, only forming a thin layer of pale hyphae often embedded within the substrate; parathecium: I+ blue-violet hymenium: hyaline, not inspersed, 80-140 µm tall, I+ blue-violet (at least upper and lateral parts) paraphyses: parallel, slightly anastomosing, c. 1.5 µm thick, tips hyaline or pale brown, intricately forming a distinct 10-20 µm high epithecium subhymenium: hyaline, indistinct, 10-20 µm thick asci: apex thickened with ±distinct ocular chamber ('Graphistype'), I-, 160-180 x 50-60 µm at maturity, 6-8-spored ascospores: hyaline, muriform, 10-17/3-4 locular, 40-65 x 10 µm, I+ blue-violet Conidiomata and conidia: not seen Secondary metabolites: hypostictic, hypoconstictic and alpha-acetylhypoconstictic acids. Substrate and ecology: on bark World distribution: neotropical, tropical and subtropical parts of Mexico, Central and South America Sonoran distribution: coastal Sinaloa. Notes: Glaucinaria poitaei is characterized by uncarbonised lirellae with white pruinose discs, pale, often mealy, ecorticate thalli, a rudimentary exciple, a distinct epithecium and hyaline, muriform ascospores. Additional synonyms mentioned by Wirth and Hale (1978, p. 44) but not yet verified by me are: Graphina obtectula Müll. Arg., Graphina melaleuca Müll. Arg., Graphina palmeri Zahlbr., Graphina triangularis Zahlbr. and Graphina collosporella (Vain.) Zahlbr [in proof, verified as synonym by