Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Pycnidia: immersed to erumpent, subglobose to ovoid, black, (30-)40-80(-100) µm; wall: composed of dark brown cells of 5-7 µm conidiogenous cells: (4-)5-7(-8) x (2-)3-3.5(-4) µm conidia: brown to dark brown, simple, subglobose, basally occasionally truncate, verruculose, (2.5-)3-4.5(-5.5) µm. Hosts: parasitic, mainly on apothecia of Lecanora and thalli of Parmelia s. l., also reported from other genera World distribution: Europe, North and South America, and Asia Sonoran distribution: known from Arizona and California. Notes: Lichenoconium lecanorae often grows together with L. erodens, but can easily be distinguished by its larger pycnidia. The separation from L. usneae is more difficult, as thin sections or squash preparations are needed to determine the size of the conidiogenous cells, the only character separating those two species.