Global occurrence: Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Americas – South and Central America | Arctic.  Substrate: soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves | bryophytes – mosses, liverworts | bark, cork, plant surface – trunks, branches, twigs | rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic | rock – calcareous, calciferous, basic.  Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts).  Thallus: foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like; [th] upper surface: black(ish) | brown(ish) green (olivaceous, olive green) | black(ish) brown; [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: present; [th upper surface] isidia, isidioid structures: present; [th upper surface] soredia, soralia, soralioid structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (min) 8.0.  Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial.  Asci: lecanoralean; [asc] tholus: thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present; [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: with amyloid tube, ring (= Collema-, Micarea-, Porpidia-, Psora-types etc).  Ascospores: [asp] length [µm]: (low) 26.0 (high) 36.0; [asp] width [µm]: (low) 8.5 (high) 13.0; [asp] septa: present; transversely septate | muriformly septate – muriform, submuriform.  Primary photobiont: present, cyanobacterial.  Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.