Xanthaptychia aurantiaca (R.Br.) S.Y. Kondr. & Ravera
(redirected from: Seirophora aurantiaca (R. Br.) Frödén)
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Family: Teloschistaceae
Arctic Orangebush Lichen
[Borrera aurantiaca R. Br., moreSeirophora aurantiaca (R. Br.) Frödén, Teloschistes arcticus Zahlbr., Xanthoanaptychia arctica (Zahlbr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt] |
Assessed as Endangered A3c, ver 3.1; date assessed: August 3, 2020 DOWNLOAD full IUCN Assessment as PDF Common name(s): English: Arctic Orangebush Lichen ASSESSMENT JUSTIFICATION [criteria: A3c] Seirophora aurantiaca is a conspicuous fruticose lichen endemic to the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. This species primarily occurs in cracks on sedimentary substrates along ice-and-wind scoured shorelines, old beach ridges, and sandy or rocky hummocky tundra not far from the coast. This species is only known from 12 geographically distant or topographically separated locations (as defined by the IUCN) in the Canadian Arctic, documented by 18 herbarium collections. These sites are few and far between in an area with over 6,600 documented lichen collections made at dozens of collecting sites in the western Canadian Arctic, at sites surveyed by trained lichenologists, and by biologists unlikely to miss such a conspicuous species (CNALH 2020). This indicates that the species itself is rare across its global range, even if some sites are documented to contain moderately-abundant numbers of individual thalli. Risks facing this species are predominantly linked to climate change, including habitat loss due to coastal erosion and permafrost slumping, and increased ice melt and saline wash from storm surges. Recommended conservation actions include visiting older collection areas to evaluate species persistence, exploration of similar habitats for new sites, protection of existing localities, and raising awareness of this unique species at a local, national, and international level. This species is considered Endangered under the A3c criterion due to a suspected rapid decline of over 75% within its next three generations. The decline will likely be caused by sea-level rise and substantial coastal erosion due to climate change. Permafrost slumping, ice melting, and wave action will also lead to substantial declines of the species. Assessor/s: Sokoloff, P. & McMullin, T.; Reviewer/s: Lendemer, J.; Facilitator(s) andCompiler(s): Bishop, G. & Allen, J. Bibliography: Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. and Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threatassessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. In: V. Smith and L. Penev (eds) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. Zookeys 150: 117–126. Brodo, I.M., S.D. Sharnoff, and S. Sharnoff. 2001. Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, NewHaven and London. Brown, R. (1823) Chloris Melvilliana: a list of plants collected in Melville Island (latitude 74-75 N., longitude 110-112 W.) in the year 1820; by the officers of the voyage of discovery under the orders of Captain Parry, with characters and descriptions of the new genera. W. Clowes Publishers, London, UK. CNALH (2020) Consortium of North American Lichen Herbaria. Available at: https://lichenportal.org/cnalh/ . (Accessed: 18 May). Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. (2013) COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Hairy Braya (Braya Pilosa) in Canada. Ottawa. Frödén, P. & Lassen, P. (2004) Typification and emendation of Seirophora Poelt to include species segregated from Teloschistes Norman. The Lichenologist 36(5): 289–298. Government of the Northwest Territories (2020) Species at Risk in the Northwest Territories, 2020. Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT, Canada. IUCN (2020) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org.(Accessed: 10 December 2020). Jones, B.M., Arp, C.D., Jorgenson, M.T., Hinkel, K.M., Schmutz, J.A. & Flint, P.L. (2009) Increase in the rate and uniformity of coastline erosion in Arctic Alaska. Geophysical Research Letters 36(3) https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036205. Lantz, C., Solomon, S., Pisaric, M.F.J., Keith, D., Morse, D., Thienpont, J.R., Smol, J.P. & D. Esagok (2012) ... Kokelj, S.V., Lantz, T.C., Solomon, S., Pisaric, M.F.J., Keith, D., Morse, P., Thienpont, J.R., Smol, J.P. & Esagok, D. 2012) Using multiple sources of knowledge to investigate northern environmental change: regional ecological impacts of a storm surge in the outer Mackenzie Delta, N.W.T. Arctic 65(3): 257-272. Lambert, J.D.H. (1966) Teloschistes arcticus Zahlbr. reaffirmed in the Canadian Arctic. The Bryologist 69:358-361. Lantuit, H. & Pollard, W.H. (2008) Fifty years of coastal erosion and retrogressive thaw slump activity on Herschel Island, southern Beaufort Sea, Yukon Territory, Canada. Geomorphology 95(1-2): 84-102. Manson, G.K. & Solomon, S.M. (2007) Past and future forcing of Beaufort Sea coastal change. Atmosphere-Ocean 45(2): 107-122. McMullin, R.T. & Sokoloff, P.C. (2018) Wildlife Species Rationale for Priority Assessment: Xanthaptychia aurantiaca (Arctic Orangebush Lichen). Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada,Ottawa, ON., Ottawa, ON, Canada. Sankar, R.D., Murray, M.S. & Wells, P. (2019) Decadal scale patterns of shoreline variability in Paulatuk, NWT, Canada. Polar Geography 42(3): 196-213. Thomson, J.W. (1984) America Arctic Lichens 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York. Find out more about the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria here. Thompson, J., 1984. American Arctic Lichens: The Macrolichens. Thallus fruticose, 1-2 cm tall, the tips cylindrical, becoming flattened toward the base, the tips nodulose, reddish orange, branching dichotomous to fastigiate-flattened; a few very short hyaline fibrillae on the nodulose tips. Outer cortex discontinuous, of loose, irregular, more or less radiating leptodermatous hyphae 5-7 µ in diameter; within is a continuous layer of more or less pachydermatous vertical hyphae incrusted yellow with parietin, the layer about 25 µ thick; medulla of loose, anastomosing pachydermatous hyphae 5-7 µ in diameter; the lumen 1-2 µ, more or less radiate, and with the algae in scattered glomerules, the center more or less fistulose. Apothecia not known. Reactions: KOH+ red-violet. Contents: parietin. This species grows on gravelly and sandy soils in exposed places along old beach lines. It is known only from a few sites in the central northern Arctic, one on Cape Parry, the other sites on the Arctic islands. |