Global occurrence: Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Arctic. Substrate: soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves | rock – calcareous, calciferous, basic. Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts). Thallus: squamulose (squamulous); [th] upper surface: grey(ish); [th upper surface]: pruinose; [th upper surface] pruina: dense; [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (min) 4.0; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: smooth, plane | bullate; [th] lower surface: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | white(ish). Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial; ascoma [mm]: (min) 3.0; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: concave | subconvex, slightly convex; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: black(ish); [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: epruinose | pruinose; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium pruina: scarce, sparse, fine; [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | hyaline, colourless; [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present; [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: grey(ish). Asci: lecanoralean; [asc] tholus: thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present; [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: amyloid with acuate axial body towards the apex (= Bacidia-, Buellia-, Ramalina-types etc). Ascospores: (median) 8.0; [asp] shape: fusiform; [asp] length [µm]: (low) 14.0 (high) 22.0; [asp] width [µm]: (low) 3.0 (high) 5.0; [asp] septa: present; [asp] septa: transversely septate; [asp] transversal septa: (median) 1.0; [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless; [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent. Secondary metabolites: absent. Primary photobiont: present, chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid. Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.