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General
substrate
soil
wood
calciferous rock
lichens
bryophytes
non-calciferous rock
bark
rock (unspecified)
lifestyle
bryophilous
lichenicolous
saprobic
lichenized
Ascomata
ascomata*
present
absent
ascomata kind*
apothecioid
perithecioid
mazaedioid
hymenium paraphyses(-oids)*
absent
present
Asci
ascus wall thickening
not thickened
thickened
ascus wall amyloidity
absent
present
ascus dehiscence type
prototunicate
unitunicate
bitunicate
lecanoralean
verrucarioid
Ascospores
ascospores septation
absent
present
ascospores wall pigmentation*
pale brownish
greenish grey
hyaline
medium brownish
dark brownish
blackish brown
Secondary Metabolites [general]
secondary metabolite presence
present
absent
Photobionts
primary photobiont (lichenized/non-lichenized)
present
absent (non-lichenized)
primary photobiont kind
chlorococcoid
cyanobacterioid
trentepohlioid
Upper Thallus Surface
upper surface color - overall*
bright white (atranorin white; vermicularis-white)
grayish white
brownish white
greenish white
yellowish white
brownish orange
whitish blue
blackish brown
yellowish grey
lime yellow (bright greenish yellow; geographicum-green)
blackish grey
yellow
brownish green
whitish grey
greenish yellow
blackish green
blue
reddish brown
greyish brown
black
whitish yellow
brownish red
reddish grey
bluish green
brown
brownish yellow (buff)
yellowish orange
whitish green
bluish black
greyish green
bluish brown
grey
brownish black
blackish red
reddish orange
greyish yellow
greenish brown
bluish grey
greenish grey
red
orange
whitish brown
yellowish red
brownish blue
greyish blue
brownish grey
greenish black
green
reddish yellow
greyish black
yellowish brown
Pinnacles National Monument
James P. Bennett and Clifford M. Wetmore
Species Count: 256
Acarosporaceae
Acarospora elevata
Acarospora obnubila
Acarospora obpallens
Acarospora privigna
Acarospora schleicheri
Acarospora socialis
Acarospora thelococcoides
Acarospora veronensis
Pleopsidium chlorophanum
Pleopsidium flavum
Sarcogyne clavus
Sarcogyne similis
Arthoniaceae
Arthothelium orbilliferum
Naevia punctiformis
Caliciaceae
Acolium inquinans
Amandinea punctata
Buellia badia
Buellia disciformis
Buellia dispersa
Buellia erubescens
Buellia lepidastra
Buellia muriformis
Buellia sequax
Buellia stellulata
Calicium tigillare
Dimelaena oreina
Dimelaena radiata
Dimelaena thysanota
Diploicia canescens
Diplotomma alboatrum
Diplotomma penichrum
Pseudothelomma occidentale
Texosporium sancti-jacobi
Thelomma mammosum
Candelariaceae
Candelaria concolor
Candelariella aurella
Candelariella citrina
Candelariella rosulans
Candelariella spraguei
Candelariella vitellina
Chrysotrichaceae
Chrysothrix chlorina
Cladoniaceae
Cladonia asahinae
Cladonia chlorophaea
Cladonia fimbriata
Cladonia humilis
Cladonia imbricarica
Cladonia ochrochlora
Cladonia pyxidata
Cladonia subulata
Cladonia verruculosa
Collemataceae
Collema furfuraceum
Collema nigrescens
Collema subflaccidum
Leptogium pseudofurfuraceum
Scytinium californicum
Scytinium lichenoides
Scytinium palmatum
Scytinium subaridum
Graphidaceae
Diploschistes diacapsis
Diploschistes gypsaceus
Diploschistes muscorum
Diploschistes scruposus
Lecanoraceae
Lecanora albella
Lecanora albellula
Lecanora brattiae
Lecanora circumborealis
Lecanora confusa
Lecanora gangaleoides
Lecanora hybocarpa
Lecanora latens
Lecanora melaena
Lecanora pseudomellea
Lecanora sierrae
Lecanora strobilina
Lecanora varia
Lecidella carpathica
Lecidella elaeochroma
Lecidella euphorea
Miriquidica scotopholis
Protoparmeliopsis muralis
Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca
Rhizoplaca melanophthalma
Lecideaceae
Lecidea atrobrunnea
Lecidea auriculata
Lecidea berengeriana
Lecidea fuscatoatra
Lecidea fuscoatra
Lecidea laboriosa
Lecidea lapicida
Lecidea mannii
Lecidea protabacina
Lecidea tessellata
Porpidia zeoroides
Lichinaceae
Lempholemma cladodes
Lichinella cribellifera
Lichinella nigritella
Lichinella stipatula
Massalongiaceae
Leptochidium albociliatum
Megasporaceae
Aspicilia californica
Aspicilia cinerea
Aspicilia filiformis
Circinaria caesiocinerea
Circinaria calcarea
Circinaria contorta
Circinaria gibbosa
Megaspora verrucosa
Mycocaliciaceae
Mycocalicium subtile
Ochrolechiaceae
Ochrolechia subpallescens
Ochrolechia upsaliensis
Ophioparmaceae
Hypocenomyce scalaris
Pannariaceae
Fuscopannaria coralloidea
Fuscopannaria cyanolepra
Fuscopannaria pacifica
Fuscopannaria praetermissa
Vahliella californica
Parmeliaceae
Evernia prunastri
Flavoparmelia caperata
Flavopunctelia flaventior
Flavopunctelia soredica
Hypogymnia imshaugii
Imshaugia aleurites
Kaernefeltia californica
Kaernefeltia merrillii
Letharia columbiana
Letharia vulpina
Melanelixia fuliginosa
Melanelixia glabra
Melanelixia glabroides
Melanelixia subargentifera
Melanohalea elegantula
Melanohalea exasperatula
Melanohalea multispora
Melanohalea subelegantula
Melanohalea subolivacea
Montanelia tominii
Parmelia hygrophila
Parmelia sulcata
Parmelina quercina
Protoparmelia badia
Punctelia subrudecta
Usnea hirta
Usnea lapponica
Usnea subfloridana
Vulpicida canadensis
Xanthoparmelia angustiphylla
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis
Xanthoparmelia conspersa
Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia
Xanthoparmelia lineola
Xanthoparmelia mexicana
Xanthoparmelia subhosseana
Xanthoparmelia verruculifera
Peltigeraceae
Nephroma helveticum
Peltigera canina
Peltigera ponojensis
Peltigera rufescens
Sticta fuliginosa
Peltulaceae
Peltula euploca
Peltula hassei
Peltula omphaliza
Peltula zahlbruckneri
Pertusariaceae
Pertusaria chiodectonoides
Pezizomycotina_family_incertae_sedis
Vouauxiella lichenicola
Physciaceae
Leucodermia leucomelos
Phaeophyscia constipata
Phaeophyscia decolor
Phaeophyscia hirsuta
Phaeophyscia hispidula
Phaeophyscia orbicularis
Physcia adscendens
Physcia aipolia
Physcia biziana
Physcia caesia
Physcia callosa
Physcia dimidiata
Physcia dubia
Physcia phaea
Physcia stellaris
Physcia tenella
Physcia tribacia
Physconia americana
Physconia californica
Physconia detersa
Physconia enteroxantha
Physconia isidiigera
Physconia perisidiosa
Rinodina bolanderi
Rinodina confragosa
Rinodina conradii
Rinodina exigua
Rinodina freyi
Rinodina tephraspis
Psoraceae
Psora globifera
Psora nipponica
Psora pacifica
Psora russellii
Psora tuckermanii
Ramalinaceae
Lecania fuscella
Lecania fuscelloides
Lecania hassei
Ramalina farinacea
Ramalina leptocarpha
Ramalina menziesii
Ramalina puberulenta
Ramalina subleptocarpha
Thalloidima massatum
Thalloidima sedifolium
Waynea californica
Rhizocarpaceae
Rhizocarpon bolanderi
Rhizocarpon distinctum
Rhizocarpon geographicum
Stereocaulaceae
Lepraria membranacea
Teloschistaceae
Athallia holocarpa
Blastenia ferruginea
Calogaya saxicola
Caloplaca cerina
Caloplaca demissa
Caloplaca oregona
Caloplaca stanfordensis
Flavoplaca citrina
Gyalolechia flavorubescens
Gyalolechia persimilis
Polycauliona bolacina
Polycauliona candelaria
Polycauliona ignea
Polycauliona impolita
Polycauliona luteominia
Polycauliona polycarpa
Polycauliona stellata
Polycauliona tenax
Pyrenodesmia variabilis
Rusavskia elegans
Solitaria chrysophthalma
Xanthomendoza fallax
Xanthomendoza hasseana
Xanthomendoza oregana
Xanthomendoza trachyphylla
Tephromelataceae
Tephromela atra
Trapeliaceae
Placynthiella icmalea
Placynthiella uliginosa
Trapelia involuta
Trapeliopsis flexuosa
Trapeliopsis glaucopholis
Trapeliopsis granulosa
Trapeliopsis wallrothii
Umbilicariaceae
Umbilicaria phaea
Umbilicaria polyphylla
Umbilicaria vellea
Verrucariaceae
Clavascidium lacinulatum
Dermatocarpon leptophyllodes
Dermatocarpon miniatum
Dermatocarpon reticulatum
Endocarpon pusillum
Placopyrenium stanfordii
Staurothele drummondii
Verrucaria aethiobola