Global occurrence: Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Arctic. Substrate: soil, clay, humus, turf, detritus, dead leaves | bryophytes – mosses, liverworts. Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts). Thallus: crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified; thallus: continuous, diffuse, effuse; [th] upper surface: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | red(dish) | grey(ish) green | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) | yellow(ish) red (orange red); [th upper surface]: epruinose; [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: verruculose, minutely warted. Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: perithecial, perithecioid – hymenial; ascoma [mm]: (low) 0.5 (high) 0.8; ascoma: subsessile, subimmersed, adnate, semi-immersed, emergent; [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: black(ish) | brown(ish) black | black(ish) brown; [ascm, if apoth] margin excipular photobionts: absent; [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: black(ish) brown | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown); [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present; [ascm] paraphyses/-oid cells width [µm]: (median) 2.0; [ascm] paraphyses/-oid apical cells width [µm]: (median) 1.5. Asci: unitunicate; [asc] tholus: not thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): absent. Ascospores: (low) 80.0 (high) 150.0; [asp] shape: ellipsoidal; [asp] length [µm]: (low) 11.0 (high) 20.0; [asp] width [µm]: (low) 4.0 (high) 7.0; [asp] septa: present; [asp] septa: transversely septate; [asp] transversal septa: (min) 1.0(median) 3.0; [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless; [asp] perispore, epispore: thick, distincly halonate. Secondary metabolites: absent. Primary photobiont: present, chlorophytaceous – trentepohliaceous, trentepohlioid. Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.