Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) thallus: foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like thallus: continuous, diffuse, effuse [th] upper surface: black(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (min) 0.5 [th] lower surface: black(ish) [th lower surface] specific structures: present [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: absent ascomata: absent | present ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial ascoma: sessile, superficial [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: black(ish) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) asci: lecanoralean ascospores: (median) 8.0 [asp] shape: globose, spherical | ellipsoidal [asp] septa: absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless conidiomata: absent | present secondary metabolites: present secondary metabolites: olivetoric acid primary photobiont: present secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent primary photobiont: chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.

substrate: rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified.