Consortium of
North American Lichen Herbaria
- building a Global Consortium of Bryophytes and Lichens as keystones of cryptobiotic communities -
Login New Account
  • Home
  • Search
    • Specimen Search
    • Map Search
    • Exsiccatae
    • Dynamic Species List
    • Dynamic Identification Key
    • Taxonomic Explorer
  • Images
    • Image Browser
    • Image Search
  • Species Checklists
    • North America
    • Canada
    • US States: A-L >
      • Alaska
      • Arizona
      • Arkansas
      • California
      • Colorado
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Hawai'i
      • Idaho
      • Illinois
      • Indiana
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Kentucky
    • US States: M-Q >
      • Maine
      • Maryland
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • Missouri
      • Montana
      • Minnesota
      • Mississippi
      • Nebraska
      • Nevada
      • New Jersey
      • New Mexico
      • New York
      • North Carolina
      • North Dakota
      • Ohio
      • Oklahoma
      • Oregon
      • Pennsylvania
    • US States: S-Z >
      • South Carolina
      • South Dakota
      • Tennessee
      • Texas
      • Utah
      • Virginia
      • Washington, D.C.
      • Washington
      • West Virginia
      • Wisconsin
      • Wyoming
    • US National Parks
    • Southern Subpolar Region
  • Crowdsourcing
  • Associated Projects
    • Arctic Lichens
    • Bryophyte Portal (CNABH)
    • Líquenes en América Latina (CHLAL)
    • MyCoPortal
  • More Information
    • Symbiota Help
    • Partners
    • About
    • Data Usage Policy
    • Links
  • Sitemap
  • Help & Resources
Cladonia
Family: Cladoniaceae
Cladonia image
Stephen Sharnoff  
  • Greater Sonoran Desert
  • Web Links
Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.
Life habit: lichenized Thallus: composed of primary (basal, horizontal) and secondary (erect) parts cortex: dense, composed of ± vertically-oriented hyphae medulla: usually 2-layered; the outer layer: white, composed of ± loose hyphae, containing algal glomerules; the inner layer: hyaline or white, cartilaginous, with conglutinate hyphae surrounding the central canal Primary thallus: composed of basal squamules, closely adpressed to the substrate, or ascending to erect, rounded to elongate, entire or variously indented, sorediate or esorediate, sometimes persistent, occasionally dominant upper surface: corticated lower surface: composed of ecorticate layer of hyphae, hyphae roughly parallel-oriented, radiating in a flabelliform pattern from the basal portio, which is generally attached to the substrate Secondary thallus: consisting of hollow to rarely solid podetia, growing from upper surface or margins of primary thallus, blunt, pointed, or cup-forming, simple or branched; branch axils: closed or perforate; perforations: occasionally enlarging (forming funnel-like structures often called "open cups") and deforming surface: variably corticate to ecorticate, generally composed of some combination of continuous cortex, cortical granules, verruculae, soredia, and squamules photobiont: primary one a Trebouxia, secondary photobiont absent Ascomata: lecideine apothecia, borne at apices of podetia, on cup rims, at branch apices, or rarely sessile on basal squamules; discs: red, pale or dark brown, darkening with age and sometimes blackening asci: cylindrical to elongate-clavate; apex: Porpidia type, with strongly amyloid (I+ blue) apical dome, including very narrow weakly amyloid central zone surrounded by a tube-like, strongly amyloid zone; wall: nonamyloid except for outer layer; 8-spored ascospores: biseriate, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, simple to rarely one-septate, hyaline, oblong or ovoid, 6-16 (-24) x 2-6 micro meter Conidiomata: pycnidial, borne at apices of podetia, on cup rims, at branch apices, or on basal squamules, infrequently arising laterally on podetia, red, brown or carbonaceous to blue-black, cylindrical to urn-like (ampullaceous), short-stalked or sessile, often constricted at base; containing hyaline or red gelatin conidia: sickle-shaped, rarely straight, hyaline, 3-10 (-14) x 0.5-1 micro meter Secondary metabolites: depsides, depsidones, dibenzofurans and derivatives (incl. usnic acids), terpenoids, aliphatic acids, and quinone pigments Geography: arctic regions to Antarctica, tundra to tropical forests but widely absent from arid regions Substrate: on soil, especially acidic humus and sand, rotting wood, tree bases and trunks, mossy or bare rocks. Notes: It is characterized by punctiform pseudocyphellae on upper surface, perforate apothecia with large, ellipsoid spores, and bifusiform conidia.
  • Google Search Engine
  • Google Images
Species within checklist: Antipodes Island
Cladonia carneola
Image of Cladonia carneola
Cladonia confusa
Image of Cladonia confusa
Cladonia darwinii
Images
not available
Cladonia fimbriata
Image of Cladonia fimbriata
Cladonia furcata
Image of Cladonia furcata
Cladonia nudicaulis
Images
not available
Cladonia pleurota
Image of Cladonia pleurota
Cladonia scabriuscula
Image of Cladonia scabriuscula
Cladonia subfurcata
Image of Cladonia subfurcata
Cladonia subsubulata
Image of Cladonia subsubulata

This project made possible by National Science Foundation Awards: #1115116, #2001500, #2001394