Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.
Thallus: crustose, thin upper surface: gray to pinkish, smooth to minutely warty Ascomata: initially perithecioid but expanding and appearing to be apothecioid, ochraceous, often aggregated, immersed to subimmersed, up to 0.5 mm diam.; "margin": thalline, appearing as a white rim; "disc": flat, dull, epruinose; exciple: brown to dark brown peripherally, 30-60 µm wide hymenium: hyaline or pale brown, I+ blue-green, rapidly changing to red-brown; paraphyses: slender, c. 200 x 1.5-2 µm, flexuose, not branched and without apical thickening asci: narrowly cylindrical, tapering apically, thin-walled, without apical thickening or apparatus, 8-spored ascospores: ellipsoid, muriform, colorless, (20-) 23-28 (-32) x 9-12 µm Pycnidia: immersed conidia: cylindrical, 3-4 (-6) x 1-1.3 µm Spot tests: cortex and medulla K-, C-, KC-, P- Secondary metabolites: cortex with an unknown rusty red pigment. Substrate and ecology: on trees (Quercus agrifolia) in open habitats World distribution: central and southern California Sonoran distribution: Channel Islands of southern California.