Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.
Thallus: endolithic, not visible; prothallus: absent Apothecia: flat, with a strongly constricted base, up to 2.5 mm in diam. disc: black, epruinose or slightly whitish pruinose margin: black or blackish gray (due to a thin, transparent, colorless epinecrotic coating), thick, raised above disc, strongly flexuous in older apothecia, long persistent exciple: well developed, composed of very densely radiating hyphae of c. 4 µm in diam., with collapsing apical cells (forming a 8-15 µm thin epinecrotic layer) above the thin 10-15 µm thick blackish olive-gray cortex (in thicker hand sections the marginal parts of the exciple show a reddish brown coloration which becomes more intensely red in K [quinoide reaction]; microtome sections of 16 µm thickness show only a very pale rose coloration [also intensifying in K]), C-, P- epithymenium: olive green (K-, N+ purple, HCl-) 10-15 µm thick hymenium: hyaline, 55-70 µm tall; paraphyses: 1.7-2 µm wide in mid-hymenium, rarely branched and anastomosed, apices slightly swollen to 3-4.5 µm in diam. subhymenium: colorless, 20-40 µm thick hypothecium: dark brown in sections 16 µm thick, K- asci: clavate, 8-spored, Lecidea-type, 50-55 x 11-13 µm ascospores: small oblong, 12-22 x 3-4.5 µm, length-width-index: 4 Pycnidia: not seen Spot tests: all negative Secondary metabolites: unknown. Habitat and ecology: on acid rock World distribution: unknown Sonoran distribution: known only from the type collection from southern California (San Gabriel Mountains). Note: Lecidea kingmanii differs from Lecidea cruciaria Tuck. in the dark brown pigmentation of the hypothecium, and in having thinner ascospores. It was named after its first collector Chester Cole Kingman (1873-1913).