Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2002. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 1.
Thallus: without ascomata. Substrate and ecology: near the sea on trees and rocks, usually on the vertical, northern side World and Sonoran distribution: from California in Monterey, San Francisco and Marin Counties in the north and extending south to Santa Cruz Island in Santa Barbara County.