Consortium of Lichen Herbaria
- building a Global Consortium of Bryophytes and Lichens as keystones of cryptobiotic communities -
Lichens of North Carolina, USA
Includes taxa from following child checklists:
Citation: Perlmutter, G.B. (2005) Lichen checklist for North Carolina, USA. Evansia 22(2): 51-77.
Locality: North Carolina, USA (35.692990, -79.211430)
Abstract:
This is an updated checklist from that originally published in Evansia (Perlmutter 2005, Perlmutter & Greene 2005), which was later posted and regularly updated on the Checklists of Lichens Webportal (now defunct) by Tasslo Feuerer at the University of Hamburg, Germany until its transfer here. This checklist includes taxa from published sources in the literature and vouchers from the UNC Herbarium (NCU), and is continuously updaated as a live document with new discoveries and taxonomic changes as they appear in the literature. Another version of this checklist is being developed as part of the North Carolina Biodiversity Project website, with county occurrences based on records available in the lichen collections participating in the Consortium of Lichen Herbaria, as well as literature reports.
Notes: last updated 09 September 2022; Please contact gary.perlmutter[a]gmail.com for comments or corrections.
Voucher Mapping
Families: 108
Genera: 340
Species: 1207
Total Taxa: 1216
[Rhizocarpon obscuratum f. reductum (Th. Fr.) Schade, Rhizocarpon obscuratum var. reductum (Th. Fr.) Eitner]
Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 820-a [NCU]
[Rhizocarpon plicatile (Leighton) A. L. Sm.]
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Squamaria chrysoleuca var. subdiscrepans Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Psoroma ascociscana Tuck., Rinodina subsophodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Rinodina arenaria var. cana Arnold, Rinodina iowensis Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Lecanora chrysomelaena Ach.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.; J. Hollinger 23883 [NY]
[Lecidea destituta Nyl., Rinodina biatorina sensu Fink, Rinodina biatorina var. biatorina Körb., Rinodina biatorina var. buellioides Berg.{?}, Rinodina moziana (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina ochrocea Willey ex Fink, Rinodina vezdae H. Mayrh.]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; partly shaded; Substrate: rock; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2577 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2626 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2629 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2573 [NCU], more...
Blue Ridge, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Lecanora hueana Harm., Rinodina hueana (Harm.) H. Olivier, Rinodina hueana f. hueana Vain., Rinodina oreina var. hueana (Vain.) Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Rinodina marysvillensis var. thujae H. Magn., Rinodina thujae (H. Magn.) Sheard]
[Berengeria fimbriata (Körb.) Trevis.]
Piedmont, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.; J. C. Lendemer 8319 [NY]
[Rinodina applanata H. Magn., Rinodina haplosporoides Müll.Arg., Rinodina neglecta Aptroot, Rinodina prasina Müll.Arg.]
chestnut oak forest; shady; Substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 499 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4226 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 165 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1749 [NCU], more...
[Lecidea destituta Nyl., Rinodina biatorina sensu Fink, Rinodina biatorina var. biatorina Körb., Rinodina biatorina var. buellioides Berg.{?}, Rinodina destituta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Rinodina ochrocea Willey ex Fink, Rinodina vezdae H. Mayrh.]
[Berengeria oxydata A. Massal., Buellia discolor (Hepp) Anzi, Buellia discolor var. discolor (Hepp) Anzi, Lecidea discolor Hepp, Mischoblastia oxydata A. Massal., Rinodina biatorina Körb., Rinodina discolor (Hepp) Arnold, Rinodina discolor var. discolor (Hepp) Arnold, Rinodina subarenaria A.L. Sm.]
coastal; shady; Substrate: capstone fragment; J. C. Lendemer 48573 [NY], Newman, Randy 2006-03-27 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 289 [NCU]
source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Rinodina annulata H. Magn., Rinodina erumpens H. Magn., Rinodina halei H. Magn.]
Blue Ridge, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Rinodina adirondackii H. Magn.]
Blue Ridge, source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Lecanora tephraspis Tuck.]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest; partly shaded; Substrate: mafic rock outcrop near creek; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2181 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1765 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 69 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2582 [NCU], more...
source: Sheard, J.W. 2010. The lichen genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray (Lecanoromycetidae, Physciaceae) in North America, north of Mexico. NRC Press, Ottowa, Ontario, Canada. 246 pp.
[Belonia americana Fink ex J. Hedrick, Pyrenastrum pupula Tuck., Scoliocarpon pupula (Tuck.) Nyl.]
[Bacidia chlorantha (Tuck.) Fink, Biatora chlorantha Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, Reported as Bacidia chlorantha, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Fuscidea viridis Tønsberg]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Collema callibotrys Tuck.]
[Pannaria crossophylla Nyl., Parmeliella crossophylla (Tuck.) G. Merr. & Burnham, Rockefellera crossophylla (Tuck.) Lendemer & E. Tripp]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & F. Anderson. 2008. Santessoniella crossophylla is rare, but not extinct, in eastern North America. Evansia 25(3): 74-75.
[Asterisca tricosa (Ach.) Zenker, Glyphis tricosa (Ach.) Ach., Glyphis tricosa var. tricosa (Ach.) Ach., Graphis tricosa Ach., Medusula tricosa (Ach.) Mont., Opegrapha tricosa (Ach.) Stizenb.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; J. W. Barton 598A [NY]
[Acarospora clavus (DC.) Burnham, Biatorella clavus (DC.) Th. Fr., Biatorella clavus f. aggregata (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella clavus f. clavus (DC.) Th. Fr., Biatorella clavus f. hymenogonia (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella clavus f. macrocarpa (Franzoni & De Not.) Zahlbr., Cathisinia concinna Stirt., Lecanora clavus (DC.) Vain., Lecidea clavus (DC.) Steud., Lichen clavus (DC.) Ramond, Patellaria clavus DC.]
granitic flatrock, source: LaGreca, S., S. Gpyette and I.D. Madieros. 2018. The lichens of Lizard Lick, North Carolina. Evansia 35(2): 53-57.; J. C. Lendemer 68857 [NY], J. C. Lendemer 66878 [NY], P. O. Schallert 11334 [F], LaGreca, Scott, A. 2349 [DUKE], more...
[Acarospora hypophaea (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatorella hypophaea (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Biatorella hypophaea f. hypophaea (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Biatorella hypophaeoides (Vain.) Zahlbr., Biatorella privigna f. hypophaea (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora hypophaea Nyl., Sarcogyne hypophaeoides Vain. ex H. Magn.]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 3998 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2628 [NCU]
[Acarospora cervina var. privigna (Ach.) Mudd, Acarospora cervina var. simplex (Taylor) Mudd, Acarospora privigna (Ach.) Gotth. Schneid., Acarospora simplex (Taylor) Jatta nom. illegit., Acarospora simplex var. decipiens (A. Massal.) Jatta, Biatora privigna (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Biatorella privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella privigna f. privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella privigna var. privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella pruinosa var. decipiens Th. Fr. nom. illegit., Biatorella revertens (Tuck.) Herre, Biatorella simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex f. complicata (Cromb.) Sandst., Biatorella simplex f. goniophila (Flörke) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex f. incrassata (Arnold) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex f. simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex var. angusta (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. calcifraga (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. chlorocinella (Wedd.) H. Olivier, Biatorella simplex var. crustosa (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. herpes Norman, Biatorella simplex var. hymenogonia (Zahlbr.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. incrassata (Arnold) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. major (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex var. strepsodina (Ach.) H. Olivier, Lecanora privigna (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora privigna var. privigna (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora privigna var. revertens Tuck. [synonymy unresolved], Lecanora simplex (Taylor) Nyl., Lecanora simplex f. complicata Cromb., Lecanora simplex f. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Lecidea privigna Ach., Lecidea simplex Taylor, Lecidea simplex var. calcifraga Müll.Arg., Lecidea simplex var. chlorocinella Wedd., Lecidea simplex var. simplex (Davies) Taylor, Polysporina simplex (Taylor) Vězda, Polysporina simplex f. simplex (Davies) Vezda, Polysporina simplex var. crustosa (H. Magn.) N.S. Golubk., Polysporina simplex var. simplex (Davies) Vezda, Psora privigna (Ach.) Flot., Rinodina privigna (Ach.) Gray, Sarcogyne privigna f. privigna (Ach.) A. Massal., Sarcogyne simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex f. complicata (Cromb.) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex f. goniophila Flörke, Sarcogyne simplex f. incrassata Arnold, Sarcogyne simplex f. lignicola B. de Lesd. ex Meyl., Sarcogyne simplex f. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex subsp. incrassata (Arnold) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex subsp. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex var. angusta H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. crustosa H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. hymenogonia (Zahlbr.) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. major H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. simplex (Davies) Nyl.]
[Biatorella similis H. Magn., Biatorella similis f. convexa (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella similis f. similis H. Magn., Sarcogyne reebiae K. Knudsen]
[Biatora resinae (Fr.) Tuck., Biatorella resinae sensu Mudd p.p., Biatorella resinae var. resinae (Fr.) Th. Fr., Biatoridium resinae (Fr.) Uloth, Cytospora resinae Ehrenb., Nectria resinae (Fr.) Fr., Peziza myriospora Hepp, Peziza resinae (Fr.) Fr., Sphaeria resinae Fr., Tubercularia resinae (Ehrenb.) Thüm., Zythia resinae (Ehrenb.) P. Karst.]
[Arthonia glaucescens Nyl.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Dactylospora lurida Hafellner]
[Arthrospora chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) H. Olivier, Bacidia chlorococca (Graewe) Lettau, Bacidia chlorococca f. chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) Lettau, Bacidia chlorococca f. cyanescens Erichsen, Bacidia chlorococca f. nigrata Riehm., Bacidia chlorococca f. saxicola Riehm., Bacidia chlorococca var. chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) Lettau, Bacidia chlorococca var. hilarior (Th. Fr.) Zahlbr., Bacidia chlorococca var. tristrior (Th. Fr.) Lettau, Bacidia salicicola Wheldon & Travis, Biatora hypnophila var. chlorococcum Graewe ex Stenh., Bilimbia chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) Th. Fr., Bilimbia chlorococca var. chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) Th. Fr., Bilimbia chlorococca var. hilarior Th. Fr., Bilimbia chlorococca var. tristrior Th. Fr., Lecidea chlorococca (Graewe ex Stenh.) Graewe]
Coastal Plain, source: unpublished checklist provided by J.C. Lendemer (NY).
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Bacidia psotina (Fr.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Bacidia turgida (Körb.) Hellb., Bacidia umbrina (Ach.) Bausch, Bacidia umbrina var. athallina Räsänen, Bacidia umbrina var. compacta (Körb.) Th. Fr., Bacidia umbrina var. corticola (Anzi) Bausch., Bacidia umbrina var. marina Degel., Bacidia umbrina var. psotina (Fr.) Th. Fr., Bacidia umbrina var. puolannei Räsänen, Bacidia umbrina var. turgida (Körb.) Th. Fr., Bacidia umbrina var. umbrina (Ach.) Bausch, Biatora umbrina (Ach.) Tuck., Lecidea lygaea f. pelidna Ach., Lecidea pelidna (Ach.) Schaer., Lecidea pelidna f. pelidna (Ach.) Schaer., Lecidea pelidna f. turgida (Körb.) Leight., Lecidea pelidna var. pelidna (Ach.) Schaer., Lecidea pelidna var. turgida (Körb.) Leight., Lecidea umbrina Ach., Lecidea umbrina var. compacta (Körb.) Leight., Lecidea umbrina var. umbrina Ach., Scoliciosporum compactum Körb., Scoliciosporum compactum var. compactum Körb., Scoliciosporum compactum var. corticicola Hepp, Scoliciosporum compactum var. corticolum Hepp, Scoliciosporum psotinum (Fr.) Arnold, Scoliciosporum turgidum Körb., Secoliga umbrina (Ach.) Stizenb.]
reported as Bacidia umbrina, source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Leptogium dactylinum Tuck. ex Nyl., Leptogium tremelloides subsp. dactylinum (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Perlmutter, G.B. & J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen biota of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.
[Leptogium juniperinum Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Sierk, H. A. 1964. The genus Leptogium in North America north of Mexico. The Bryologist 67(3): 245 - 317.
[Amphiloma pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Bagl., Collema fimbriatum (Ach.) Röhl., Collema lacerum (Sw.) DC., Collema lacerum var. lacerum (Sw.) DC., Collema lacerum var. pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Ach., Collema lichenoides (L.) M. Choisy, Collema lichenoides var. fimbriatum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Collema lichenoides var. lichenoides (L.) M. Choisy, Collema lichenoides var. lophaeum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Collema lichenoides var. pulvinatum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Collema pulvinatum Hoffm., Leptogium atrocaeruleum (Schaer.) A. Massal., Leptogium lacerum (Sw.) Gray, Leptogium lacerum f. fimbriatum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lacerum f. lacerum (Sw.) Gray, Leptogium lacerum subsp. lacerum (Sw.) Gray, Leptogium lacerum subsp. pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Cromb., Leptogium lacerum var. lacerum (Sw.) Gray, Leptogium lacerum var. lophaeum (Ach.) Körb., Leptogium lacerum var. pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lichenoides (L.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lichenoides f. fimbriatum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lichenoides f. lichenoides (L.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lichenoides var. lichenoides (L.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lichenoides var. lophaeum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Leptogium lophaeum (Ach.) Cromb., Leptogium pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Cromb., Leptogium pulvinatum f. lophaeum (Ach.) Lettau, Leptogium pulvinatum f. pulvinatum (Hoffm.) Cromb., Lichen lacerus Sw., Lichen lichenoides (L.) Wulfen, Lobaria lacera (Sw.) Raeusch., Parmelia lacera (Sw.) Ach., Parmelia lacera f. lacera (Sw.) Ach., Parmelia lacera var. fimbriata Ach., Parmelia lacera var. lacera (Sw.) Ach., Parmelia scotina var. lophaea Ach., Tremella lichenoides L.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4131 [NCU]
[Collema teretiusculum Flörke ex Wallr., Garovaglina microscopica (Nyl.) Trevis., Homodium microscopicum (Nyl.) Boistel, Leptogium intricatulum Nyl., Leptogium microscopicum Nyl., Leptogium teretiusculum (Wallr.) Arnold]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Gyalecta radiatilis Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Callopisma citrinellum (Duby) Arnold, Caloplaca chrysophthalma Degel., Patellaria citrinella Duby, Placodium citrinellum (Duby) Hepp]
Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Arthopyrenia coniodes (Nyl.) Zopf, Pharcidia coniodes (Nyl.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Pharcidia coniodes var. coniodes (Nyl.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Stigmidium coniodes (Nyl.) Triebel, Verrucaria coniodes Nyl.]
Piedmont, lichenicolous fungus; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1125 [NCU]
[Calicium tubaeforme (A. Massal.) R.L. Seym., Cyphelium tubaeforme (A. Massal.) A. Schneid., Sphinctrina tubiformis A. Massal. [erroneous spelling], Sphinctrina turbinata var. microcephala (Nyl.) Mudd]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Acolium stigonellum (Ach.) Gray, Calicium stigonellum Ach., Calicium turbinatum Pers., Cyphelium stigonellum (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea gelasinata (With.) Ach., Lichen gelasinatus With., Sphaeria sphincterica Sowerby, Sphaeria turbinata Pers., Sphinctrina gelasinata (With.) Zahlbr., Sphinctrina gelasinata var. gelasinata (With.) Zahlbr., Sphinctrina gelasinata var. quadrispora Werner, Trachylia stigonella (Ach.) Fr.]
[Tylophoron americanum Lendemer, E. Tripp & R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 781 [NCU]
[Blastenia novomexicana Fink ex J. Hedrick, Callopisma americanum Malme, Callopisma aurantiacum var. irrubescens Arnold, Callopisma irrubescens (Arnold) Arnold, Caloplaca americana (Malme) Zahlbr., Caloplaca aurantia var. irrubescens (Arnold) Jatta, Caloplaca irrubescens (Arnold) Zahlbr., Caloplaca modesta (Zahlbr.) Fink, Caloplaca novomexicana (Fink) ined., Caloplaca subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca subsoluta f. subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora murorum var. subsoluta Nyl., Lecanora subsoluta (Nyl.) Nyl., Physcia subsoluta (Nyl.) Arnold, Placodium americanum (Malme) Räsänen, Placodium aurantiacum subsp. irrubescens (Arnold) A.L. Sm., Placodium subsolutum (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Teloschistes modestus (Zahlbr.) Fink, Xanthoria modesta Zahlbr.]
Coastal Plain, Holotype (UPS) from Carteret County, source: Jorgensen, P.M. 2004. A new North American species of the lichen genus Staurolemma (Collemataceae). The Bryologist 107(3): 392-394.
[Dermatocarpon lithinum (Ach.) Arnold, Endocarpon fissum Leight., Endocarpon lithinum (Ach.) Leight., Polyblastia fissa (Taylor) Jatta, Polyblastia umbrina (Wahlenb.) Rostr., Polyblastia umbrina var. calcarea (Nyl.) Boistel, Polyblastia umbrina var. huei Boistel, Polyblastia umbrina var. umbrina (Wahlenb.) Rostr., Pyrenula lithina (Ach.) Ach., Sphaeromphale fissa (Taylor) Körb., Sphaeromphale umbrina (Wahlenb.) Mudd, Staurothele hazslinskyi (Körb.) Steiner, Staurothele umbrina (Wahlenb.) Tuck., Verrucaria fissa Taylor, Verrucaria lithina Ach., Verrucaria umbrina Wahlenb., Verrucaria umbrina var. monospora Nyl., Verrucaria umbrina var. umbrina Wahlenb.]
[Biatora geophana (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Biatorella geophana (Nyl.) Rehm, Biatorella geophana f. boreella (Nyl.) Vain., Biatorella geophana f. geophana (Nyl.) Rehm, Lecidea geophana Nyl., Lecidea geophana var. geophana Nyl., Lecidea geophana var. mucosa Erichsen, Lecidea insita Stirt., Nesolechia insita (Stirt.) Vouaux, Pleolecis geophana (Nyl.) Clem., Sarcogyne geophana (Nyl.) Boistel]
Piedmont, source: Buck, W.R., R.C. Harris, A.J. Shaw, M.D. Piercey-Normore, A. Tabaee, J. Antonovics & E.E. Crone. 1999. Unusual lichens under electricity pylons on zinc-enriched soil. The Bryologist 102(1): 130 - 132.
[Stereocaulon coralloides Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides f. coralloides Th. Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides var. coralloides Th. Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides var. occidentale H. Magn., Stereocaulon coralloides var. orientalis Räsänen, Stereocaulon dactylophyllum var. occidentale (H. Magn.) Lamb]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Schallert, Paul O. 1936-06-15 [NCU]
[Stereocaulon coralloides Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides f. coralloides Th. Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides var. coralloides Th. Fr., Stereocaulon coralloides var. occidentale H. Magn., Stereocaulon coralloides var. orientalis Räsänen, Stereocaulon dactylophyllum Flörke]
[Baeomyces paschalis (L.) Wahlenb., Cladonia paschalis (L.) Baumg., Coralloides paschalis Hoffm., Lichen paschalis L., Patellaria paschalis (L.) Wallr., Patellaria paschalis var. paschalis (L.) Wallr., Verrucaria paschalis (L.) Humb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Patellaria pileata (Ach.) Wallr., Stereocaulon coralloides f. pumilum Nyl., Stereocaulon pileatum f. pumilum (Nyl.) I.M. Lamb]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Schallert, Paul O. 166 [NCU]
[Stereocaulon evolutoides (H. Magn.) Frey, Stereocaulon evolutoides f. evolutoides (H. Magn.) Frey, Stereocaulon evolutoides f. glabrescens I.M. Lamb ex J.W. Thomson, Stereocaulon evolutoides var. evolutoides (H. Magn.) Frey, Stereocaulon evolutoides var. paschaleoides Hav., Stereocaulon evolutoides var. saxatile (H. Magn.) I.M. Lamb, Stereocaulon evoutoides]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Sticta weigelii var. beauvoisii (Delise) Hue, Stictina quercizans var. beauvoisii (Delise) Müll. Arg., Stictina weigelii f. beauvoisii (Delise) Stizenb., Stictina weigelii var. beauvoisii (Delise) Stizenb.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Schwartzman, Ed s.n. [NCU], Grow, William C. 17 [NCU], Schallert, Paul O. 1936-04-06 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4136 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1268 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: McDonald, T., J. Miadlikowska and F. Lutzoni. 2003. The lichen genus Sticta in the Great Smoky Mountains: a phylogenetic study of morphologial, chemical, and molecular data. - The Bryologist 106(1): 61-79.; Schallert, P.O. s.n. [NCU]
[Biatora fuliginosa (Dicks.) Fr., Biatora fuliginosa var. fuliginosa (Dicks.) Fr., Imbricaria olivacea var. fuliginosa (With.) Hazsl., Lichen fuliginosus Hoffm. nom. illegit., Lichen fuliginosus Dicks. nom. illegit., Lichen fuliginosus With., Parmelia dendritica var. fuliginosa (With.) Müll. Arg., Parmelia fuliginosa (With.) Schaer., Parmelia olivacea f. fuliginosa (With.) Th. Fr., Parmelia prolixa var. fuliginosa (With.) Nyl., Sticta sylvatica subsp. fuliginosa (With.) Fr., Sticta sylvatica var. fuliginosa (Hoffm.) Hepp, Stictina fuliginosa (With.) Nyl., Stictina fuliginosa f. firmior Cromb., Stictina fuliginosa f. fuliginosa (Dicks.) Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Lichen limbatus Sm., Stictina limbata (Sm.) Nyl., Stictina limbata var. limbata (Sm.) Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.; McDonald, T. 725 [MIN]
[Lichen sylvaticus Huds., Parmelia sylvatica (Huds.) Hepp, Parmelia sylvatica var. sylvatica (Huds.) Hepp, Peltigera sylvatica (Huds.) Hoffm., Stictina sylvatica (Huds.) Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Bacidia urceolata (Ach.) H. Olivier, Conotrema urceolatum (Ach.) Tuck., Lecidea urceolata Ach.]
Blue Ridge; Schallert, Paul O. 1936-06-15 [NCU]
[Mycoporum eucline Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Lichenicolous fungus on Aspicilia; J. C. Lendemer 48599 [NY], LaGreca, Scott A. 3026 [NCU], LaGreca, Scott, A.... 2901 [DUKE]
Lichenicolous fungus on Bilimbia fuscoviridis; filed as an associate taxon of Perlmutter 4455.
[Pharcidia parva Henssen]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Biatorella pinicola (A. Massal.) Anzi, Biatorella resinae var. rubicundula Mudd, Lecidea tantilla Nyl., Myriosperma pinicola (A. Massal.) Hepp, Sarcogyne pinicola A. Massal.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Arthopyrenia tenuis R.C. Harris, Dichoporis tenuis (R.C. Harris) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & Sérus.]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements over floodplain; shaded; Substrate: Liriodendron tulipifera trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1720 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1184 [NCU], James C. Lendemer 8338 [PH]
[Phyllocharis elegans Fée, Strigula elatior Stirt., Strigula elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans f. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans subsp. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans var. elatior (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Strigula elegans var. elegans (Fée) Müll.Arg., Strigula elegans var. eumorpha Müll.Arg.]
[Arthopyrenia faginea (Schaer.) Swinscow, Arthopyrenia faginea var. faginea (Schaer.) Swinscow, Didymella stigmatella (Ach.) Szatala, Lichen stigmatellus Ach., Porina cinerea (Pers.) Zahlbr. nom. illeg., Porina faginea (Schaer.) Arnold, Strigula stigmatella var. stigmatella (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Swinscowia stigmatella (Ach.) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & Sérus., Verrucaria stigmatella (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria stigmatella var. stigmatella (Ach.) Ach.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Dichoporis viridiseda (Nyl.) S.H. Jiang, Lücking & Sérus., Leiophloea viridiseda (Nyl.) Trevis., Porina viridiseda (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Verrucaria viridiseda Nyl., Verrucaria viridiseda f. viridiseda Nyl.]
Coastal Plain, source: unpublished checklist provided by J.C. Lendemer (NY).
[Arthonia hodgesii Lendemer & R.C. Harris, Arthonia hodgesii R.C. Harris & Lendemer]
[Heterocephalacria physciacearum (Diederich) Millanes & Wedin]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Alectoria epichrysa Stirt., Anaptychia flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Borrera acromela Pers., Borrera flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Borrera flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Borrera flavicans f. laeta Ach., Cornicularia crocea Ach., Cornicularia flavicans Pers., Evernia flavicans (Sw.) Fr., Evernia flavicans f. maxima Meyen & Flot. nom. inval., Evernia flavicans var. melanotricha Meyen & Flot., Lichen flavicans Sw., Lobaria flavicans (Sw.) Trevis., Parmelia chrysophthalma var. flavicans (Sw.) Eschw., Parmelia flavicans (Sw.) Ach., Physcia acromela (Pers.) Nyl., Physcia chrysophthalma var. flavicans (Sw.) Tuck., Physcia flavicans (Sw.) DC., Teloschistes acromelus (Pers.) Vain., Teloschistes capensis var. cinerascens (Stein) C.W. Dodge, Teloschistes chrysophthalmus var. flavicans (Sw.) Tuck., Teloschistes flavicans f. cinerascens (Stein) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) Norman, Teloschistes flavicans f. hirtella Vain., Teloschistes flavicans f. hirtellus Vain., Teloschistes flavicans f. laetus (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans f. uruguayensis Gyeln., Teloschistes flavicans var. acromelus (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. compressus Js. Murray, Teloschistes flavicans var. croceus (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. flavicans (Sw.) Norman, Teloschistes flavicans var. intermedius Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. laetus (Ach.) Hillmann, Teloschistes flavicans var. maximus (Meyen & Flot.) Zahlbr., Teloschistes flavicans var. melanotrichus (Meyen & Flot.) Müll. Arg., Teloschistes flavicans var. roccelliformis Räsänen, Teloschistes flavicans var. tenuissima (Meyen & Flot.) Müll. Arg., Tornabenia flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Tornabenia flavicans f. cinerascens Stein, Tornabenia flavicans f. flavicans (Sw.) A. Massal., Xanthoria flavicans (Sw.) H. Olivier]
edge of salt marsh; partly shady; substrate: Red Cedar branch; Newman, Randy 1 [NCU], Weakley, Alan, S. s.n. [DUKE]
[Lecanora atra (Hudson) Ach., Lecanora atra var. torulosa Flörke ex Flot., Lecidea atroides Walt. Watson, Lichen ater Huds., Parmelia atra (Huds.) Ach., Parmelia subfusca var. atra (Huds.) Eschw., Patellaria atra (Huds.) Wibel, Psora atra (Huds) Hampe, Rinodina atra (Huds.) Gray, Scutellaria atra (Huds.) Baumg., Tephromela atra var. corticola (Hepp) Hafellner & Jerzer nom. illegit., Tephromela atra var. torulosa (Flot.) Hafellner, Tephromela torulosa (Flörke ex Flot.) Motyka nom. inval., Verrucaria atra (Huds.) Hoffm.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Microglaena brasiliensis Müll.Arg.]
[Chromatochlamys muscorum (Fr.) H. Mayrh. & Poelt, Chromatochlamys muscorum var. muscorum, Chromatochlamys muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) H. Mayrh. & Poelt, Microglaena holliana A.L. Sm., Microglaena muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum f. muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum f. octospora (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Microglaena muscorum var. muscorum (Fr.) Th. Fr., Microglaena muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) Cretz., Thelenella muscorum var. muscorum (Fries) Vain., Thelenella muscorum var. octospora (Nyl.) Coppins & Fryday, Verrucaria muscicola var. octospora Nyl., Verrucaria muscorum Th. Fr. nom. illegit, Verrucaria muscorum Frege nom. illegit., Weitenwebera muscorum (Th. Fr.) Körb.]
Reported as Chromatochlamys muscorum, source: Harris R.C. 1995. More Florida Lichens, including the 10¢ tour of the pyrenolichens. Published by the author, Bronx, New York. 192 pp.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Involucrothele pyrenophora (Ach.) Servít, Involucrothele pyrenophora f. minor (Kremp.) Grummann, Involucrothele pyrenophora f. pyrenophora (Ach.) Servít, Leiophloea pyrenophora (Ach.) Trevis., Paraphysothele viridis (Deakin) Zschacke, Polyblastia mortensis Walt. Watson, Sagedia pyrenophora (Ach.) Hepp, Sagedia pyrenophora var. arenaria Hepp, Sagedia pyrenophora var. pyrenophora (Ach.) Hepp, Segestrella pyrenophora (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Thelidium borreri Mudd, Thelidium explicatum (Stirt.) Wheldon & A. Wilson, Verrucaria borreri (Mudd) Leight., Verrucaria explicata Stirt., Verrucaria pyrenophora Ach., Verrucaria pyrenophora f. pyrenophora Ach., Verrucaria pyrenophora var. incincta Vain., Verrucaria pyrenophora var. pyrenophora Ach., Verrucaria viridis Deakin]
[Pyrenula zwackhii (Hepp) Hepp, Sagedia zwackhii Hepp, Segestria zwackhii (Hepp) Trevis., Thelidium microcarpum (Davies ex Leight.) A.L. Sm., Thelidium sparsulum (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Thelidium subgelatinosum Zschacke, Verrucaria microcarpa Davies ex Leight., Verrucaria sparsula Nyl., Verrucaria sparsula var. evoluta Servít, Verrucaria sparsula var. sparsula Nyl., Verrucaria zwackhii (Hepp) Garov.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Acolium carolinianum Tuck., Calicium carolinianum (Tuck.) M. Prieto & Wedin, Cyphelium carolinianum (Tuck.) Zahlbr.]
Reported as Cyphelium carolinianum, source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Opegrapha corticola Coppins & P. James]
Basic Oak-Hickory Forest; shaded; Substrate: Carya carolinae-septentrionalis trunk; J. C. Lendemer 39908 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4108 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 985 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4253 [NCU], more...
[Sagedia rubella (A. Massal.) Anzi, Verrucaria rubella (Nyl.) Leight. nom. illegit.]
Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Chapsa dilatata (Müll. Arg.) Kalb, Ocellularia dilatata Müll.Arg., Pseudochapsa dilatata (Müll. Arg.) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch]
[Ocellularia lathraea (Tuck.) Zahlbr.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Lendemer, James, Colin... 1666 [DUKE]
[Antrocarpum inclusum (Sowerby) Spreng., Antrocarpum lepadinum (Ach.) Trevis., Endocarpon lepadinum (Ach.) Wahlenb., Endocarpon lepadinum var. lepadinum (Ach.) Wahlenb., Endocarpon lepadinum var. scutelliforme (Ach.) Wahlenb., Lichen inclusus Sowerby, Lichen lepadinus Ach., Lichen opegraphus var. scutelliforme (Ach.) Lam., Parmelia lepadina (Ach.) Hornem., Pertusaria lepadina (Ach.) Hornem., Thelotrema inclusum (Sowerby) Funck, Thelotrema lepadinum f. rupestre (Turner) Cromb., Thelotrema lepadinum var. inclusum (Sowerby) Ach., Thelotrema lepadinum var. lepadinum (Ach.) Ach., Thelotrema lepadinum var. rupestre Turner, Thelotrema lepadinum var. scutelliforme Ach., Thelotrema obconicum Räsänen, Thelotrematomyces lepadini E.A. Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas., Urceolaria lepadina (Ach.) Tuck. ex Curtis, Volvaria lepadina (Ach.) A. Massal.]
source: Culberson, W.L. 1961. A disposition of the nomenclature of lichens in Curtis's North Carolina Botany of 1867. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 77(2): 265 - 276.
Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2007. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: new and interesting records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. Evansia 24(4): 98-102.
[Ocellularia subtilis (Tuck.) Riddle, Ocellularia subtilis subsp. japonica (Zahlbr.) G. Salisb., Ocellularia subtilis subsp. subtilis (Tuck.) Riddle]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements over floodplain; shaded; Substrate: Fagus grandifolia trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 349 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4117 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1701 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 703 [NCU], more...
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Biatora arridens (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Biatora coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Oxner, Biatora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata f. terrestris Flot., Biatora coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata var. biatoriza (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Th. Fr., Biatora coarctata var. petractis Norman, Biatora coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora coarctata var. valamoënsis (Vain.) Räsänen, Gasparrinia coarctata (Turner) Tornab., Lecanactis arridens Nyl., Lecanora coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. cotaria Ach., Lecanora coarctata f. fulgiana Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. ochrinactella (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. sorediosa (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata f. subfumigata (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata subsp. angelica Parrique, Lecanora coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. argilliseda Dufour ex Schaer., Lecanora coarctata var. biatoriza (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. exposita (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecanora coarctata var. expositella (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecanora coarctata var. fossulans Stizenb., Lecanora coarctata var. listrata Ach., Lecanora coarctata var. prominula Schaer., Lecanora coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Zahlbr., Lecidea arridens Nyl., Lecidea coarctata (Smith) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata f. albomarginata (Hazsl.) Szatala, Lecidea coarctata f. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata f. deliciosula Th. Fr., Lecidea coarctata f. depauperata Leight., Lecidea coarctata f. fulgiana (Chevall.) Zahlbr., Lecidea coarctata f. prominula (Schaer.) Szatala, Lecidea coarctata f. sorediosa B. de Lesd., Lecidea coarctata f. subfumigata Nyl. ex Zwackh, Lecidea coarctata f. terrula Hulting, Lecidea coarctata subsp. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata subsp. dioritica Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. argilliseda (Dufour ex Schaer.) Arnold, Lecidea coarctata var. biatoriza Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Nyl., Lecidea coarctata var. dioritica (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. exposita Nyl., Lecidea coarctata var. expositella Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. lutosa Zahlbr., Lecidea coarctata var. ochrinactella Vain., Lecidea coarctata var. trapelia (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea fulgiana Chevall., Lichen coarctatus Turner, Parmelia coarctata (Turner) Ach., Parmelia coarctata var. coarctata (Turner) Ach., Patellaria coarctata (Turner) Wallr., Rinodina coarctata (Turner) Gray, Zeora coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata f. albomarginata Hazsl., Zeora coarctata f. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata var. coarctata (Turner ex Sm.) Flot., Zeora coarctata var. variolosa Flot.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 914 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2878 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2630 [NCU]
[Biatora coarctata f. glebulosa (Sm.) Arnold, Flora, Regensburg 67: 549 (1884), Biatora coarctata var. glebulosa (Sm.) Arnold, Lecidea coarctata f. glebulosa (Sm.) Leight., Lecidea coarctata var. glebulosa (Sm.) Mudd, Lecidea glebulosa (Sm.) Jatta, Lecidea granulosa f. glebulosa (Sm.) Sandst., Lecidea gregaria G. Merr., Lecidea pholidiota Ach., Syn. meth. lich. (Lund): 53 (1814), Lepidoma glebulosum (Sm.) Gray, Lichen glebulosus Sm., Patellaria glebulosa (Sm.) Spreng., Psora glebulosa (Sm.) Hook.]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; partly shaded; Substrate: pebble in root bole; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1803 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 760 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1402 [NCU]
Filed as an associate taxon of Perlmutter 4508.; J. C. Lendemer 8389 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1887 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1217 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2316 [NCU], more...
[Biatora decolorans var. flexuosa (Fr.) Fr., Biatora flexuosa Fr., Biatora granulosa var. flexuosa (Fr.) Flot., Lecidea aeruginosa Borr., Lecidea decolorans subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Cromb., Lecidea decolorans var. flexuosa (Fr.) Link, Lecidea flexuosa (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea flexuosa f. aeruginosa (Borrer) Leight., Lecidea flexuosa f. flexuosa Fr., Lecidea flexuosa var. aeruginosa (Borrer) Mudd, Lecidea flexuosa var. flexuosa Fr., Lecidea granulosa subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Th. Fr., Lecidea granulosa var. flexuosa (Fr.) Schaer., Lecidea sapinea f. aeruginosa (Borrer) Zahlbr., Lecidea sporadiza Stirt., Lecidea wallrothii subsp. flexuosa (Fr.) Lamy, Trapelia flexuosa (Fr.) Neuwirth & Türk nom. inval.]
forest edge of powerline right-of-way; partly shaded; Substrate: down decaying log; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2881 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4164 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 784-a [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2223 [NCU], more...
[Biatora gelatinosa (Flörke) Flot., Biatora granulosa var. escharoides (Hoffm.) Arnold, Helocarpon gelatinosum (Flörke) M. Choisy, Helocarpon granulosum f. escharoides (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Lecidea escharoides (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecidea gelatinosa Flörke, Lecidea gelatinosa subsp. gelatinosa Flörke, Lecidea granulosa f. escharoides (Hoffm.) Schaer., Lecidea viridescens var. gelatinosa (Flörke) Nyl., Lichen escharoides Hoffm., Micarea gelatinosa (Flörke) Brodo, Patellaria gelatinosa (Flörke) Duby, Verrucaria escharoides (Hoffm.) Ehrh.]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. & J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen biota of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; James C. Lendemer 8385 [PH]
[Biatora decolorans (Hoffm.) Fr., Biatora decolorans var. decolorans (Hoffm.) Fr., Biatora granulosa (Hoffm.) Flot., Biatora granulosa f. granulosa (Ehrh.) Flot., Biatora granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Flot., Biatora viridescens var. sapinea Fr., Helocarpon granulosum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Helocarpon granulosum f. granulosum (Ehrh.) M. Choisy, Helocarpon sapineum (Fr.) M. Choisy, Lecanora granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans f. fusconigra Nyl., Lecidea decolorans subsp. decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans var. decolorans (Hoffm.) Flörke, Lecidea decolorans var. quadricolor (Dicks.) Branth & Rostr., Lecidea granulosa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. aporetica Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. fusconigra (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Lecidea granulosa f. glomerata Erichsen, Lecidea granulosa f. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa f. hilaris (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Lecidea granulosa subsp. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea granulosa var. granulosa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecidea quadricolor (Dicks.) Borrer, Lecidea sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lecidea sapinea f. sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lecidea sapinea var. sapinea (Fr.) Zahlbr., Lichen quadricolor Dicks., Patellaria decolorans Hoffm., Trapelia granulosa (Hoffm.) V. Wirth, Verrucaria decolorans (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Verrucaria granulosa Hoffm.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Biatora viridescens (Schrad.) W. Mann, Biatora viridescens f. putrida (Körb.) Oxner, Biatora viridescens f. viridescens (Schrad.) W. Mann, Biatora viridescens var. viridescens (Schrad.) W. Mann, Helocarpon viridescens (Schrad.) M. Choisy, Lecidea viridescens (Schrad.) Ach., Lecidea viridescens var. viridescens (Schrad.) Ach., Lichen viridescens Schrad., Micarea viridescens (Schrad.) Brodo, Patellaria viridescens (Schrad.) DC., Trapelia viridescens (Schrad.) V. Wirth]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Biatora varians (Ach.) Eschw., Lecidea subtilis Degel., Lecidea varians Ach., Pyrrhospora varians (Ach.) R.C. Harris]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest; shaded; Substrate: down decoricated branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4340 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 976 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1858 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1709 [NCU], more...
lichenicolous fungus, source: Diederich, P. 2003. New species and new records of American lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 16: 41-90.
Blue Ridge, lichenicolous fungus, source: Diederich, P. 2003. New species and new records of American lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 16: 41-90.
[Microxyphiomyces santessonii (D. Hawks.) XavierLeite, M. Cáceres & Lücking,]
[Acarospora dispersa H. Magn.]
[Astrothelium varium Eschw., Astrothelium varium var. citrinum Eschw., Astrothelium varium var. varium Eschw., Holstiella usambarensis Henn., Massarina usambarensis (Henn.) Höhn., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae subsp. eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae subsp. subsulphurea Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. anacardii (Fée) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. eluteriae (Spreng.) Vain., Pseudopyrenula eluteriae var. sprengelii (Ach.) Vain., Trypethelium anacardii Fée, Trypethelium areolatum Mont., Trypethelium assimile Stirt., Trypethelium crocosarca Berk. & Broome, Trypethelium eluteriae var. anacardii (Fée) Zahlbr., Trypethelium eluteriae var. citrinum (Eschw.) Müll.Arg., Trypethelium eluteriae var. endochlorum Müll. Arg., Flora, Regensburg 68: 255 (1885), Trypethelium eluteriae var. expallidum Müll. Arg., Trypethelium eluteriae var. nigricans (Fée) Trevis., Trypethelium eluteriae var. sprengelii (Ach.) Zahlbr., Trypethelium eluteriae var. subsulphureum (Vain.) Riddle, Trypethelium eluteriae var. truncatum Müll.Arg., Trypethelium insigne Müll.Arg., Trypethelium leprosulum Zahlbr., Trypethelium luteum Taylor, Trypethelium medians Harm., Trypethelium montagnei Trevis., Trypethelium perrotetii Fée, Trypethelium pringlei Eckfeldt, Trypethelium scitulens Eckfeldt, Trypethelium sprengelii Ach., Trypethelium sprengelii var. anacardii (Fée) Nyl., Trypethelium sprengelii var. nigricans Fée, Trypethelium sprengelii var. sprengelii Ach., Trypethelium subsulphureum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Verrucaria trypetheliiformis Mont.]
Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1763 [NCU]
[Pseudopyrenula concatervata Vain., Trypethelium exocanthum Tuck., Trypethelium scorites Tuck., Verrucaria concatervata Nyl., Viridothelium virens (Tuck. ex Michener) Lücking, M. P. Nelsen & Aptroot]
floodplain forest; shaded; Substrate: Ilex opaca trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2313 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1991 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1950 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 435 [NCU], more...
[Cetraria fendleri (Nyl.) Tuck., Parmelia fendleri Nyl., Platysma fendleri Nyl., Tuckermannopsis fendleri (Nyl.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis fendleri (Nyl.) Hale]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2661 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 259 [NCU]
[Cetraria ciliaris var. halei (W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb.) Ahti, Cetraria halei W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb., Nephroma americana Spreng., Nephroma americanum Spreng., Tuckermannopsis halei (W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb.) M.J. Lai, Tuckermanopsis americana (Spreng.) Hale]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; H. L. Clark 4019-6 [NY], Schallert, Paul O. 1938-03-09 [NCU], Coyle, Jess s.n. [NCU], Loveless, M., D. 2562 [DUKE], more...
[Cetraria ciliaris Ach., Tuckermanopsis ciliaris (Ach.) Gyeln.]
[Cetraria orbata (Nyl.) Fink, Platysma orbatum Nyl., Tuckermanopsis orbata (Nyl.) M.J. Lai]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Grow, William C. 45 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2754 [NCU]
[Blarneya hibernica D. Hawksw., Coppins & P. James]
[Gyrophora dillenii (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Gyrophora mammulata Ach., Umbilicaria dillenii Tuck.]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; Substrate: quartzite boulder; Coker, William Chambers 1922-08-18 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 589 [NCU], Schallert, Paul O. 802 [NCU], Grow, William C. 27 [NCU]
[Actinogyra muhlenbergii (Ach.) Schol., Actinogyra muhlenbergii var. alpina (Tuck.) Llano, Actinogyra muhlenbergii var. muhlenbergii (Ach.) Schol., Gyrophora muehlenbergii var. alpina (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Gyrophora muhlenbergii]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Schallert, Paul O. 799 [NCU]
[Gyrophora pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Ach., Lasallia pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Llano, Lasallia pensylvanica f. pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Llano, Lasallia pensylvanica var. pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Llano, Lecidea pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Ach., Lichen leiocarpus * pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Lam., Lichen pensylvanicus (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Spreng., Umbilicaria pennsylvanica Hoffm., Umbilicaria pensylvanica f. pensylvanica Hoffm., Umbilicaria pensylvanica var. pensylvanica Hoffm.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 629-P [NCU]
[Gyrophora phaea (Tuck.) Nyl.]
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Gyromium polyphyllum (L.) Wahlenb., Gyrophora anthracina f. anthracina (Wulfen) Körb., Gyrophora glabra (Ach.) Ach., Gyrophora glabra f. lacera (Leight.) Magnin, Gyrophora glabra f. monophylla (Leight.) Magnin, Gyrophora glabra var. glabra (Ach.) Ach., Gyrophora glabra var. polyphylla (L.) Gray, Gyrophora polyphylla (L.) Körb., Gyrophora polyphylla f. glabra (Ach.) Th. Fr., Gyrophora polyphylla f. lacera (Leight.) Hepp, Gyrophora polyphylla f. polyphylla (L.) Funck, Gyrophora polyphylla f. sulcata Turner, Gyrophora polyphylla var. congregata Turner & Borrer, Gyrophora polyphylla var. polyphylla (L.) Funck, Lecidea polyphylla (L.) Spreng., Lichen anthracinus Wulfen, Lichen polyphyllus L., Umbilicaria aenea var. glabra (P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.) Schaer., Umbilicaria anthracina (Wulfen) Hoffm., Umbilicaria atropruinosa f. anthracina (Wulfen) Fr., Umbilicaria glabra Ach. nom. inval., Umbilicaria glabra P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb., Umbilicaria glabra var. anthracina (Wulfen) DC., Umbilicaria glabra var. polyphylla (L.) DC., Umbilicaria polyphylla f. congregata (Turner & Borrer) Leight., Umbilicaria polyphylla f. lacera (Leight.) Leight., Umbilicaria polyphylla f. monophylla (Leight.) Leight., Umbilicaria polyphylla f. polyphylla (L.) Baumg., Umbilicaria polyphylla f. sulcata (Turner) Leight., Umbilicaria polyphylla var. glabra (P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.) Stenh., Umbilicaria polyphylla var. lacera (Leight.) Cromb., Umbilicaria polyphylla var. polyphylla (L.) Baumg., Umbilicaria varia f. congregata (Turner & Borrer) Leight., Umbilicaria varia f. lacera Leight., Umbilicaria varia f. monophylla Leight., Umbilicaria varia f. sulcata (Turner) Leight., Umbilicaria varia var. polyphylla (L.) Leight.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Graphis vellea (L.) Wallr., Gyromium velleum (L.) Wahlenb., Gyrophora depressa f. vellea (L.) Schaer., Gyrophora vellea (L.) Ach., Gyrophora vellea f. vellea (L.) Ach., Gyrophora vellea var. vellea (L.) Ach., Lecidea vellea (L.) Spreng., Lichen velleus L.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Eumitria Stirt., Neuropogon Nees & Flotow, Unsea, Usneomyces E.A. Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas.]
[Usnea barbata var. amblyoclada Müll. Arg., Usnea globularis Motyka]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; Substrate: quartzite boulder; Perlmutter, Gary B. 591 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4296 [NCU], McCormick, Carol Ann s.n. [NCU], LaGreca, Scott, A.... 2747 [DUKE]
[Usnea paradoxa (Zahlbr.) Motyka, Usnea sulcata Motyka, Usnea torquescens Stirt., Usnea torquescens var. torquescens Stirt., Usnea undulata Stirt., Usnea undulata f. undulata Stirt.]
Blue Ridge; Hollinger, Jason P. 2626 [NCU]
[Eumitria asperrima (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Eumitria baileyi Stirt., Eumitria formosa Stirt., Eumitria implicita Stirt., Eumitria tasmanica (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Usnea antillarum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Usnea baileyi var. eizanensis (Asahina) Asahina, Usnea baileyi var. yokawensis (Asahina) Asahina, Usnea barbata var. asperrima Müll.Arg., Usnea barbata var. substrigosa (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Usnea barbata var. tasmanica Müll.Arg., Usnea dasopoga var. substrigosa (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr., Usnea dasypogoides var. substrigosa Müll.Arg., Usnea eizanensis Asahina, Usnea formosa (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita f. implicita (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Usnea implicita var. yokawensis Asahina, Usnea percava f. asperrima (Müll. Arg.) J. Steiner, Usnea recurvata J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun, Usnea subrectangulata J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun, Usnea tasmanica (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Usnea bornmuelleri var. brasiliensis Zahlbr., Usnea cornuta subsp. brasiliensis (Zahlbr.) P. Clerc]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Lichen ceratinus (Ach.) Lam., Parmelia ceratina (Ach.) Spreng., Usnea barbata var. ceratina (Ach.) Schaer., Usnea ceratina f. incurvescens Arnold, Usnea ceratina f. incurviscens Arnold, Usnea ceratina subsp. incurvescens (Arnold) Motyka, Usnea ceratina subsp. incurviscens (Arnold) Motyka, Usnea ceratina var. incurviscens (Arnold) H. Olivier, Usnea incurvescens (Arnold) Motyka ex B. de Lesd.]
chestnut oak forest; shady; substrate: trunk of Quercus prinus; Hollinger, Jason P. 793 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 477 [NCU]
[Usnea ceratina f. inflata Duby, Usnea confusa Asah., Usnea constrictula Stirt., Usnea inflata (Duby) Motyka, Usnea inflata var. cornuta (Körb.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Usnea inflata var. inflata Delise, Usnea intexta Stirt., Usnea intexta var. constrictula (Stirt.) D. Hawksw. & D. Chapm., Usnea intexta var. intexta Stirt., Usnea jelskii Motyka, Usnea subhirta (Vain.) Motyka, Usnea subpectinata Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.
[Usnea iteratocarpa J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Usnea spinulifera (Vain.) Motyka]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: fallen branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 721 [NCU]
[Usnea fragilis Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; J. W. Barton 607 [NY]
[Usnea florida var. mollis Vain., Usnea fragilescens var. fragilescens Hav. ex Lynge, Usnea mollis Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, Reported as U. mollis, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Usnea glabrescens var. fulvoreagens Räsänen, Usnea sorediifera sensu Motyka, Usnea sorediifera var. fulvoreagens (Räsänen) Frey]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; Substrate: quartzite boulder; Perlmutter, Gary B. 600 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: Perry, J.D. & B.J. Moore. 1969. Preliminary check list of foliose and fruticose lichens in Buncombe County, North Carolina. Castanea 34: 146 - 157.
maritime forest; shady; Substrate: Quercus virginianus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 282 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2646 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2146 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 678 [NCU], more...
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.
Blue Ridge, source: Perry, J.D. & B.J. Moore. 1969. Preliminary check list of foliose and fruticose lichens in Buncombe County, North Carolina. Castanea 34: 146 - 157.
[Usnea protensa Stirt., Usnea rubicunda Stirton, Usnea rubicunda var. spilota (Stirt.) G.N. Stevens, Usnea spilota Stirt., Usnea sublurida Stirt.]
[Usnea comosa subsp. praetervisa Asahina, Usnea subfloridana subsp. praetervisa (Asahina) P. Clerc]
source: Clerc, P 2004: Notes on the genus Usnea Adanson. II. - In: Döbbeler, P/Rambold, G (eds.): Contributions to Lichenology. Festschrift in Honour of Hannes Hertel. Bibliotheca Lichenologica, J. Cramer in der Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, Stuttgart, pp. 7
[Usnea pensylvanica Motyka, Usnea protensa Stirt., Usnea rubicunda var. spilota (Stirt.) G.N. Stevens, Usnea spilota Stirt., Usnea sublurida Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; Hollinger, Jason P. 794 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3999 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 867 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2749 [NCU], more...
[Usnea madeirensis Motyka]
Reported as U. madeirensis, source: Clerc, P. 1991. Usnea madeirensis Mot. (ascomycète lichénisé): un espèce méconnue de l'Europe et de l'Amérique du Nord [Usnea madeirensis Mot. (lichenised Ascomycete): a misunderstood species in Europe and North America]. Candollea 46(2): 427-438
[Parmelia coralloidea var. strigosa (Ach.) Eschw., Usnea barbata f. strigosa (Ach.) R. Howe, Usnea barbata var. strigosa (Ach.) Tuck., Usnea ceratina f. strigosa (Ach.) Kremp., Usnea ceratina var. strigosa (Ach.) Kremp., Usnea florida f. strigosa (Ach.) Vain., Usnea florida var. strigosa Ach., Usnea hirta var. strigosa (Ach.) Mereschk.]
floodplain forest; partly sunny; Substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 957 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4054 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1856 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1798 [NCU], more...
[Usnea florida var. major Michx.]
[Lichen comosus Ach., Usnea barbata var. comosa (Ach.) Vain., Usnea comosa (Ach.) Röhl., Usnea comosa f. comosa (Ach.) Röhl., Usnea comosa subsp. colorans Asahina, Usnea comosa subsp. comosa (Ach.) Röhl., Usnea comosa subsp. melanopoda Asahina, Usnea comosa subsp. similis Motyka nom. inval., Usnea comosa subsp. sordidula Motyka, Usnea comosa var. comosa (Ach.) Röhl., Usnea comosa var. similis (Motyka) Erichsen, Usnea comosa var. sordidula (Motyka) Erichsen, Usnea florida var. comosa (Ach.) Vain., Usnea hirta f. hirsutula Stirt., Usnea plicata f. comosa (Ach.) Ach., Usnea plicata var. comosa (Ach.) Ach., Usnea similis Motyka ex Räsänen, Usnea subfloridana var. melanopoda (Asahina) D. Hawksw., Usnea subfloridana var. similis (Motyka) Oxner, Usnea subfloridana var. sordidula (Motyka) Oxner, Usnea subfloridana var. subfloridana Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2010. Lichens of eastern North America exsiccate, fascicle VIII, No.s 351-400. Opuscula Philolichenum 8: 121-129.; Schallert, Paul O. 804 [NCU], Ripper, E. E. 1 [NCU], Schallert, Paul O. 4639 [NCU]
[Usnea elongata Motyka, Usnea elongata f. elongata Motyka, Usnea elongata f. sorediifera Rizzini, Usnea hesperina Motyka, Usnea subplicata (Vain.) Motyka]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
maritime forest; partly shady; substrate: fallen Juniperus virginiana twig; Perlmutter, Gary B. 727 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2297 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; G. A. Dorsey s.n. [NY], Haynes, M. LC-1 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3956 [NCU], Luttrell, Everett, S. 1055 [DUKE]
[Allocetraria oakesiana (Tuck.) Randlane & Thell, Allocetraria oaksiana (Tuck.) Randlane & Thell, Cetraria oakesiana Tuck., Tuckermannopsis oakesiana (Tuck.) Hale, Usnocetraria oakesiana (Tuck.) M.J. Lai & J.C. Wei]
[Amphiloma microphyllum (Sw.) Hepp, Baeomyces microphyllus (Sw.) Eaton, Biatora microphylla (Sw.) Fr., Fuscopannaria leucophaea (Tuck.) P.M. Jørg., Hueëlla cheilea (Nyl.) Gyeln., Hueëlla cheilea var. anglica Gyeln., Hueëlla cheilea var. cheilea (Nyl.) Gyeln., Hueëlla cheilea var. fuscescens Gyeln., Lecanora microphylla (Sw.) Ach., Lecanora microphylla var. microphylla (Sw.) Ach., Lecanora microphylla var. picina (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora microphylla var. variana Ach., Lecidea microphylla (Sw.) Ach., Lecidea microphylla var. epigaea Schaer., Lecidea microphylla var. microphylla (Sw.) Ach., Lepidoma microphyllum (Sw.) Bagl., Lichen leucophaeus Vahl, Lichen microphyllus Sw. ex Westr., Lichen microphyllus var. microphyllus Sw. ex Westr., Lichen microphyllus var. saxatile Schrad., Massalongia cheilea Nyl. ex Mudd, Pannaria cheilea Nyl., Pannaria leucophaea (Vahl) P.M. Jørg., Pannaria microphylla (Sw.) Mass., Pannaria microphylla f. californica Tuck., Pannaria microphylla f. convexa Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. epigaea (Schaer.) Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. lecanorina Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. melacarpa Harm., Pannaria microphylla f. microphylla (Sw.) A. Massal., Pannaria microphylla f. nigrocarpa Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. pseudocraspedia Hazsl., Pannaria microphylla f. rufa Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. saxatile (Schrad.) Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla f. symphycarpea (Flörke) Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla var. austriaca (Zahlbr.) Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla var. cheilea (Nyl. ex Mudd) A.L. Sm., Pannaria microphylla var. isidioidea Hazsl., Pannaria microphylla var. italica Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla var. microphylla (Sw.) A. Massal., Pannaria microphylla var. picina (Ach.) Nyl., Pannaria microphylla var. pseudosaubinetii Gyeln., Pannaria microphylla var. rufescens Gyeln., Pannularia microphylla (Sw.) Stizenb., Pannularia microphylla f. cheilea (Nyl. ex Mudd) Nyl. ex Cromb., Pannularia microphylla f. microphylla (Sw.) Stizenb., Parmelia microphylla (Sw.) Fr., Parmeliella microphylla (Sw.) Müll. Arg., Parmeliella microphylla f. cheilea (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Parmeliella microphylla f. epigaea (Schaer.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Parmeliella microphylla f. microphylla (Sw.) Müll. Arg., Parmeliella microphylla f. pseudocraspedia (Hazsl.) Zahlbr., Parmeliella microphylla f. rufa (Gyeln.) Grummann, Parmeliella microphylla f. rufescens (Gyeln.) Grummann, Parmeliella microphylla f. saxatile (Schrad.) Zahlbr., Parmeliella microphylla f. symphycarpea (Flörke) Zahlbr., Parmeliella microphylla var. cheilea (Nyl. ex Mudd) A.L. Sm., Parmeliella microphylla var. microphylla (Sw.) Müll. Arg., Parmeliella microphylla var. pseudosaubinetii (Gyeln.) Grummann, Patellaria microphylla (Sw.) Spreng., Placodium microphyllum (Sw.) Hook. f., Psora microphylla (Sw.) Hoffm., Trachyderma microphyllum (Sw.) Norman, Zeora microphylla (Sw.) Flot.]
Blue Ridge, Reported as Pannaria leucophaea, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Lichen velatus (Turner) Sm. & Sowerby, Parmelia velata Turner, Pertusaria santamonicae Dibben, Pertusaria velata (Turner) Nyl., Pertusaria velata f. velata (Turner) Nyl., Pertusaria velata subsp. velata (Turner) Nyl., Pertusaria velata var. velata (Turner) Nyl., Variolaria velata (Turner) Ach.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Grow, William C. 25 [NCU], Coker, William Chambers [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 441 [NCU]
[Encliopyrenia catalepta (Ach.) Trevis., Endocarpon cataleptum (Ach.) Servít, Endocarpon cataleptum var. cataleptum (Ach.) Servít, Endocarpon cataleptum var. elegans (Wallr.) Servít, Endocarpon fuscellum var. cataleptum Ach., Lithoicea aethiobola (Wahlenb.) Stein, Lithoicea catalepta (Schaer.) Arnold, Lithoicea cataleptoides (Nyl.) Arnold, Polyblastia catalepta (Ach.) Füisting, Pyrenula aethiobola (Wahlenb.) Ach., Verrucaria aethiobola var. acrotella H. Olivier, Verrucaria aethiobola var. cataleptoides (Nyl.) Vain., Verrucaria aquilella Nyl., Verrucaria catalepta Schaer., Verrucaria catalepta var. alutacea Hepp, Verrucaria catalepta var. catalepta Spreng., Verrucaria catalepta var. subumbonata Nyl., Verrucaria fuscocinerascens Nyl., Verrucaria laevata auct., Verrucaria laevata f. dioritica Servít, Verrucaria laevata f. laevata Ach., Verrucaria laevata f. macrospora Erichsen, Verrucaria laevata f. microsticta Servít, Verrucaria laevata f. tenuior Servít, Verrucaria margacea var. cataleptoides Nyl.]
[Amphoridium calcisedum (DC.) Servít, Amphoridium calcisedum f. calcisedum (DC.) Servít, Amphoridium calcisedum f. coronatum (Servít) Servít, Amphoridium calcisedum f. insculptoides (J. Steiner) Grummann, Amphoridium calcisedum f. interruptum (Anzi) Servít, Amphoridium calcisedum f. tinctum (J. Lahm ex Zschacke) Grummann, Amphoridium calcivorum (A. Massal.) Servít, Bagliettoa calciseda (DC.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux, Verrucaria calciseda f. calcivora A. Massal.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Verrucaria macrostoma f. furfuracea B. de Lesd.]
[Lithoicea hydrela (Ach.) A. Massal., Pyrenula hydrela (Ach.) Schaer., Pyrenula submersa (Borrer) Schaer.]
[Lichen umbrinus Ach.]
Piedmont / Fall Line, source: Oosting, H.J. & L.E. Anderson. 1939. Plant succession on granite rock in eastern North Carolina. Bot. Gaz. 100: 750 - 768.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 3965 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3752 [NCU]
[Verrucaria fuscella var. nigricans Nyl., Verrucaria nigricans (Nyl.) Zschacke, Verrucaria nigricans f. cinerata (Servít) Servít, Verrucaria nigricans f. nigricans (Nyl.) Zschacke, Verrucaria polysticta Borrer]
[Micarea leprosa P. James]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Pseudopyrenula concatervata Vain., Trypethelium exocanthum Tuck., Trypethelium scorites Tuck., Trypethelium virens Tuck. ex Michener, Verrucaria concatervata Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; J. W. Barton 595 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 435 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 223 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4097 [NCU], more...
[Torula lichenicola Linds.]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Lecanora louisaniae on fallen branch; J. C. Lendemer 39935 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 738 [NCU]
[Phoma truncata B. de Lesd.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: further new and interesting reports. Evansia 25(4): 97-101.
[Cetraria canadensis (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria canadensis var. canadensis (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria canadensis var. crispata (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensiforma Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensiformis Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensis (Wahlenb.) Torss., Cetraria juniperina var. arborialis Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. campestris Stenh., Cetraria juniperina var. canadensis Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. crispata Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. dilatata (Vain.) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. jerseyi Gyeln., Cetraria juniperina var. pseudopinastre Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. terrestris Schaer., Cetraria juniperina var. yerseyi Gyeln., Tuckermannopsis canadensis (Räsänen) Hale, Tuckermannopsis juniperina (L.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis canadensis (Räsänen) Hale]
[Cetraria canadensis var. viridis (Schwein.) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina f. viridis (Schwein.) Zahlbr., Cetraria juniperina var. viridis (Schwein.) Räsänen, Cetraria viridis Schwein., Tuckermannopsis viridis (Schwein.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis viridis (Schwein.) Hale]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Endocarpon diffractellum (Nyl.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux, Endocarpon tenuissimum (Degel.) Lendemer & Tripp, Polyblastia diffractella (Nyl.) Trevis., Staurothele diffractella (Nyl.) Tuck., Staurothele diffractella var. diffractella (Nyl.) Tuck., Staurothele tenuissima Degel., Verrucaria diffractella Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Blue Ridge, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.; Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Gallowayella coppinsii (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix & A. Thell]
source: Kondratyuk, S., I. Kärnefelt, T. Goward, D. Galloway, L. Kudratov, A. Lackovičová, E. Lisická, A. Guttová. 2010. Addendum 1: Diagnoses of new taxa. Flora Lishaĭnikiv Ukraïni (Kiev) 2(3): 435-445.
[Gallowayella fulva (Hoffm.) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Lobaria fulva Hoffm., Oxneria fulva (Hoffm.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria fulva (Hoffm.) Poelt & Petutschnig]
Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 639 [NCU]
[Gallowayella hasseana (Räsänen) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria hasseana (Räsänen) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria hasseana Räsänen]
Blue Ridge; Hollinger, Jason P. 800 [NCU]
[Oxneria coppinsii S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt nom. inval., Oxneria soechtingii (S.Y. Kondr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria ulophyllodes (Räsänen) S. Kondratyuk & Kärnefelt, Physcia lychnea f. stenophylla Harm., Xanthomendoza soechtingii (S.Y. Kondr.) Kärnefelt & S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria soechtingi S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria soechtingii S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria stenophylla (Harm.) B. de Lesd., Xanthoria ulophyllodes Räsänen]
[Gallowayella wetmorei (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Honeggeria rosmarieae (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria weberi S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria weberii (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria wetmorei (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthomendoza rosmarieae S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria wetmorei S. Kondr. & Kärnefelt]
coastal; sunny; Substrate: capstone; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2685 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 640 [NCU], Newman, Randy 2006-05-26 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2684 [NCU], more...
[Parmelia angustiphylla (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa var. angustiphylla Gyeln.]
[Imbricaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) DC., Imbricaria conspersa f. conspersa (Ach.) DC., Lichen conspersus Ehrh. ex Ach., Lobaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) P. Gaertn., G. Mey. & Scherb., Parmelia centrifuga var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia conspersa Ach., Parmelia conspersa f. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa subsp. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Pseudoparmelia conspersa]
[Parmelia cumberlandia (Gyeln.) Hale, Parmelia subconspersa var. cumberlandia Gyeln.]
Blue Ridge, Reported as Parmelia cumberlandia, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Parmelia hypofusca Gyeln.]
[Parmelia hypomelaena Hale, Xanthoparmelia hypomeleana (Hale) Hale]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2180 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2537 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1414 [NCU]
[Parmelia hypomelaena Hale, Xanthoparmelia hypomelaena (Hale) Hale]
Dry oak-hickory forest on upper slope; partly shaded; Substrate: metamorphic outcrop; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1414 [NCU]
[Parmelia ambigua var. isidiosa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa f. isidiosa Müll.Arg., Parmelia conspersa var. isidiosa Nyl., Parmelia isidiosa (Müll.Arg.) Hale, Parmelia refringens Kurok. & Filson, Parmelia stenophylla f. isidiosa (Müll. Arg.) H. Magn., Xanthoparmelia refringens (Kurok. & Filson) Hale]
[Parmelia constrictans f. inactiva B. de Lesd. ex Gyeln., Parmelia monticola J.P. Dey]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; partly shaded; Substrate: rock; Dey, Jonathan, P. 1509 [DUKE]
[Parmelia piedmontenis, Parmelia piedmontensis Hale]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 94 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4294 [NCU]
[Parmelia plittii Gyeln.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; J. C. Lendemer 48594 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2842 [NCU], Hollinger, Jason P. 801 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 816 [NCU], more...
[Imbricaria conspersa f. stenophylla (Ach.) Flot., Imbricaria conspersa var. stenophylla (Ach.) Jatta, Parmelia centrifuga f. stenophylla (Ach.) Wallr., Parmelia centrifuga var. stenophylla (Ach.) Rabenh., Parmelia conspersa f. stenophylla (Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia conspersa ß stenophylla Ach., Parmelia conspersa subsp. stenophylla (Ach.) Hasse, Parmelia conspersa var. stenophylla Ach., Parmelia polyphylloides f. somloensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis f. somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis var. somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia stenophylla (Ach.) Heugel, Parmelia stenophylla f. stenophylla Müll.Arg., Parmelia stenophylla var. stenophylla Müll.Arg., Parmelia viriduloumbrina var. somloensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Xanthoparmelia somloensis (Gyelnik) Hale]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Parmelia abstrusa var. subramigera (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia subramigera Gyeln.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Parmelia conspersa f. lacinulata (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa f. rosettiformis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa f. subtananarivensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa var. caespitosa Müll.Arg., Parmelia conspersa var. incisa (Taylor) Zahlbr., Parmelia conspersa var. lacinulata Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa var. laxa Müll.Arg., Parmelia conspersa var. rosettiformis Gyeln., Parmelia incisa Taylor, Parmelia laxa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. caespitosa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. dentaticola (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. felkaensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. lacinulata Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. laxa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. montevidensis (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. parvala Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. parvula Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. strigosa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa f. subtananarivensis Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. laxa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. mediterranea (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. pulvinaris (Zahlbr.) Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. rosettiformis Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. subdiffluens Zahlbr. ex Gyeln., Parmelia laxa var. terricola (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia pulvinaris var. lacinulata Gyeln., Parmelia stramineonitens Zahlbr., Parmelia tasmanica Tayl., Squamarina incisa (Fr.) C.W. Dodge]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Schallert, Paul O. 1934-05-13 [NCU]
[Parmelia conspersa f. viriduloumbrina Gyeln.]
Blue Ridge; reported as X. taractica, source: Dey, JP 1978: Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. - The Bryologist 81: 1-93.
[Caloplaca sorediata (Vain.) Du Rietz, Caloplaca sorediata var. sorediata (Vain.) Du Rietz, Gasparrinia sorediata (Vain.) Oxner nom. inval., Lecanora elegans var. sorediata Vain., Placodium elegans var. sorediatum (Vain.) H. Olivier, Placodium granulosum f. sorediata (Vain.) Räsänen, Placodium granulosum var. sorediata (Vain.) Räsänen, Rusavskia sorediata (Vain.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Lecidea trunciseda Th. Fr., Xylographa parallela f. elliptica Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Biatora friesii (Ach.) Tuck., Hypocenomyce friesii (Ach.) P. James & Gotth. Schneider, Lecidea friesii Ach., Psora friesii (Ach.) Hellb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Graphis involuta Wallr., Graphis viridis (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Lecanactis involuta (Wallr.) A. Massal., Opegrapha involuta (Wallr.) Jatta, Opegrapha rubella var. viridis Ach., Opegrapha viridis (Pers. ex Ach.) Behlen & Desberger, Opegrapha viridis f. albicans Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. perminuta Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. subatra Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Opegrapha viridis var. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Sclerographa viridis (Pers.) Erichsen]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; J. W. Barton 629 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3756 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1241 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1139 [NCU], more...
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