Lichens of North Carolina, USA
Includes taxa from following child checklists:
Authors: Gary B. Perlmutter
Citation: Perlmutter, G.B. (2005) Lichen checklist for North Carolina, USA. Evansia 22(2): 51-77.
Locality: North Carolina, USA (35.692990, -79.211430)
Abstract:

This is an updated checklist from that originally published in Evansia (Perlmutter 2005, Perlmutter & Greene 2005), which was later posted and regularly updated on the Checklists of Lichens Webportal (now defunct) by Tasslo Feuerer at the University of Hamburg, Germany until its transfer here. This checklist includes taxa from published sources in the literature and vouchers from the UNC Herbarium (NCU), and is continuously updaated as a live document with new discoveries and taxonomic changes as they appear in the literature. Another version of this checklist is being developed as part of the North Carolina Biodiversity Project website, with county occurrences based on records available in the lichen collections participating in the Consortium of Lichen Herbaria, as well as literature reports.

 

 

Notes: last updated 09 September 2022; Please contact gary.perlmutter[a]gmail.com for comments or corrections.

Options
Search:
Synonyms
Taxonomic Filter:
Display Synonyms
Display as images
Notes & Vouchers
Taxon Authors
Show Taxa Alphabetically
Families: 107
Genera: 340
Species: 1207
Total Taxa: 1216

Page 2 of 3: 1 | 2 | 3

[Lecidea hypoptoides Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Lecanora chloropolia (Erichsen) Almb., Lecanora chloropolia f. cana (Erichsen) Grummann, Lecanora chloropolia f. chloropolia (Erichsen) Almb., Lecanora chloropolia f. maculata Erichsen]
Blue Ridge, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2752 [NCU], Culberson, William, L. 15721 [DUKE]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1093 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1979 [NCU]
[Aspicilia oreinoides Körb., Carbonea oreinoides (Körb.) Brusse, Lecidea angolensis Müll.Arg., Lecidea angolensis var. angolensis Müll.Arg., Lecidea angolensis var. orientalis J. Steiner, Lecidea angolensis var. riograndensis Malme, Lecidea angolensis var. vegetior Zahlbr., Lecidea lactea f. oreinoides (Körb.) Nyl., Lecidea mundula Müll.Arg., Lecidea oreinoides (Körb.) Hochst, Lecidea pantherina f. oreinoides (Körb.) Zahlbr., Lecidea tennessensis Nyl.]
[Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. lathamii Imshaug & Brodo, Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. prolifera (Fink) R.C. Harris, Lecanora pallida subsp. prolifera Fink ex J. Hedrick, Lecanora subpallida G. Merr.]
[Lecanora campestris f. pseudistera (Nyl.) Grummann, Lecanora convexella Räsänen, Lecanora galactinula Vain., Lecanora glebularis (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Lecanora melanophthalma var. subpeltata (Lynge) Lynge, Lecanora subfuscella Räsänen, Lecanora subpeltata Lynge, Omphalodina subpeltata (Lynge) Klem., Placodium glebulare Müll.Arg.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Lecanora chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. fuegiensis Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona f. geographica Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. lignicola Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona f. minor H. Olivier, Lecanora chlarona f. non-reagens Kofler, Lecanora chlarona f. pinastri (Schaer.) Cromb., Lecanora chlarona f. pulicaris (Pers.) Poelt, Lecanora chlarona f. rhododendri Harm., Lecanora chlarona var. chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona var. fuegiensis Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona var. incurvodentata Mereschk., Lecanora chlorona, Lecanora coilocarpa f. pulicaris (Pers.) Nyl. ex Cromb., Lecanora pinastri (Schaer.) H. Magn., Lecanora pinastri f. minor (H. Olivier) M. Choisy, Lecanora pinastri f. pinastri (Schaer.) H. Magn., Lecanora subfusca var. pinastri Schaer., Patellaria pulicaris Pers.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Lecanora chlarotera f. rugosella (Zahlbr.) Poelt]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Zanthoxylum clava-herculis branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 307 [NCU]
[Lecanora conizaea f. strobilina (Spreng.) H. Olivier, Lecanora conizaea var. strobilina (Spreng.) Flagey, Lecanora strobilina Ach. nom. illegit., Lecanora strobilina Ach., Lecanora symmicta f. strobilina (Spreng.) H. Olivier, Lecanora varia f. strobilina (Spreng.) Flagey, Lecanora varia var. strobilina (Spreng.) Th. Fr., Parmelia strobilina Spreng.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Biatora filamentosa (Stirt.) Walt. Watson, Biatora perobscura (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Biatora symmicta (Ach.) A. Massal., Biatora symmicta f. ecrustacea (Nyl.) Oxner, Biatora symmicta f. symmicta (Ach.) Fr., Biatora symmicta f. trabalis (Ach.) Oxner, Biatora symmictella (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatora symmictella var. albida (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictella var. austroamericana Räsänen, Biatora symmictella var. cinctula (Nyl.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictella var. symmictella (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatora symmictera (Nyl.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. alnicola (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. ecrustacea (Nyl.) Hakul., Biatora symmictera f. fumosa (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. hypaitema (Nyl. ex Brenner) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. junipericola (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. lutea (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. pumilionis (Rehm) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. saepincola (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. sepincola (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. symmictera (Nyl.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera f. trabalis (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera var. hypaitema (Nyl. ex Brenner) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera var. pumilionis (Rehm) Räsänen, Biatora symmictera var. symmictera (Nyl.) Räsänen, Lecanora symmicta var. symmictera (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecanora symmictera Nyl., Lecanora symmictera f. hypaitema Nyl. ex Brenner, Lecanora symmictera f. occidentalis Zahlbr., Lecanora symmictera f. symmictera Nyl., Lecanora symmictera var. aitema (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora symmictera var. symmictera Nyl., Lecanora varia var. symmicta Ach., Lecidea perobscura Nyl., Lecidea symmicta (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea symmicta f. alnicola (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. biatorina (Eitner) Grummann, Lecidea symmicta f. denigrata (Flot. ex Körb.) Grummann, Lecidea symmicta f. fumosa Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. junipericola (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. lutea Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. pumilionis (Rehm) Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. saepincola (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. sepincola (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. straminea (Stenh.) Th. Fr., Lecidea symmicta f. subehrhartiana (Eitner) Eitner ex Grummann, Lecidea symmicta f. subfumosa Vain., Lecidea symmicta f. symmicta (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea symmicta var. aitema (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecidea symmicta var. saepincola (Ach.) Hedl., Lecidea symmicta var. sepincola (Ach.) Hedl., Lecidea symmicta var. symmicta (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea symmicta var. symmictera (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea symmictella f. albocincta Szatala, Lecidea symmictella f. symmictella Nyl., Lecidea symmictella var. albida Vain., Lecidea symmictella var. cinctula (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea symmictella var. symmictella Nyl., Lecidea symmictera (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea symmictera f. alnicola Vain., Lecidea symmictera f. symmictera (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea symmictera f. trabalis (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea symmictera var. junipericola Vain., Lecidea symmictera var. symmictera (Nyl.) Vain., Parmelia symmicta (Ach.) Hepp]
[Verseghya thysanophora (R.C. Harris) S.Y. Kondr.]
mesic mixed hardwood / alluvial forest; shaded; Substrate: Acer trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1948 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 777 [NCU]
[Lecanora varia var. denigrata Mudd, Patellaria varia Hoffm.]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
source: Brodo, I.M. 1984. The North American species of the Lecanora subfusca group. - In: H. Hertel & F. Oberwinkler (eds.): Beitrage zur Lichenologie. Festscrift J. Poelt. Beiheft zur Nova Hedwigia 79. J. Cramer, Vaduz, pp. 63-185.
[Cladopycnidium H. Magn., Sporoacania A. Massal., Stereonema Kütz]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Biatora nylanderi Anzi]
Piedmont, source: Culberson, W.L. 1958. Variation in the pine-inhabiting vegetation of North Carolina. Ecology 39(1): 23-28.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Blue Ridge, source: Tønsberg, T. 2006. Notes on some lichens from the Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina / Tennessee, U.S.A. Evansia 23: 61 - 63.
[Biatora turgidula (Fr.) Nyl., Biatora turgidula f. turgidula (Fr.) Nyl., Biatora turgidula var. polyporicola Räsänen, Biatora turgidula var. turgidula (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea asserculorum var. pithyophila Sommerf., Lecidea endopella Leight. ex Cromb., Lecidea turgidula f. deminuta (Schrad. ex Körb.) Grummann, Lecidea turgidula f. endopella (Leight. ex Cromb.) Leight., Lecidea turgidula f. pithyophila (Sommerf.) Th. Fr., Lecidea turgidula var. endopella (Leight. ex Cromb.) Cromb., Lecidea turgidula var. pithyophila (Sommerf.) Nyl., Lecidella turgidula (Fr.) Körb., Lecidella turgidula f. deminuta Schrad. ex Körb., Lecidella turgidula f. denudata Schrad. ex Körb., Lecidella turgidula f. turgidula (Fr.) Körb., Lecidella turgidula var. atroviridis Arnold, Lecidella turgidula var. turgidula (Fr.) Körb., Oedemocarpus turgidulus (Fr.) Trevis.]
[Biatora varians (Ach.) Eschw., Lecidea subtilis Degel., Pyrrhospora varians (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Traponora varians (Ach.) J. Kalb & Kalb]
[Arthonia varians var. carpathica (Körb.) Willey, Lecidea albonigra H. Magn., Lecidea carpathica (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea carpathica f. carpathica (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea carpathica f. distrata (Arnold) Maas Geest., Lecidea carpathica f. laevigata (H. Magn.) Maas Geest., Lecidea carpathica f. plana Szatala, Lecidea carpathica f. pycnocarpoides Nádv., Lecidea carpathica var. carpathica (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea carpathica var. caucasica Szatala, Lecidea evansii H. Magn., Lecidea latypea Ach., Lecidea latypea f. elaechromoides (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecidea latypea f. glomerulascens J. Steiner, Lecidea latypea f. inaequalis Britzelm., Lecidea latypea f. latypea Ach., Lecidea latypea f. latypiza (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Lecidea latypea var. aequata (Flörke) Arnold, Lecidea latypea var. latypea Ach., Lecidea latypea var. latypizodes (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecidea latypiza Nyl., Lecidea latypiza f. distrata (Arnold) H. Magn., Lecidea latypiza f. laevigata H. Magn., Lecidea latypiza f. latypiza Nyl., Lecidea parasema f. latypiza (Nyl.) Leight.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4508 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4285 [NCU], LaGreca, Scott A. 3029 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4450 [NCU]
[Lecidea elaeochroma Ach., Lecidea limitata auct., Lecidea limitata var. limitata (Scop.) Röhl., Lecidea limitata var. soralifera (Erichsen) J.R. Laundon, Lecidea olivacea (Hoffm.) Nyl., Lecidea olivacea f. albolimitata (Erichsen) Erichsen, Lecidea olivacea f. areolata (Dufour) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. athallina (H. Olivier) Szatala ex Gyeln., Lecidea olivacea f. atrorubens (Fr.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. carnea (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. grandis (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. granulosa (Flot.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. hyalina (Mart.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. limitata (Scop.) Vain., Lecidea olivacea f. olivacea (Hoffm.) A. Massal., Lecidea olivacea f. pulveracea Müll.Arg., Lecidea olivacea f. rugulosa (Ach.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. tumidula (A. Massal.) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea f. zonata (H. Olivier) Szatala, Lecidea olivacea var. alsodinea Vain., Lecidea olivacea var. caesitia Vain., Lecidea olivacea var. dolosa (Ach.) H. Magn., Lecidea olivacea var. inspersa Degel., Lecidea olivacea var. olivacea (Hoffm.) A. Massal., Lecidea olivacea var. soralifera (Erichsen) Erichsen]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Lecidea enteroleucella Nyl.]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; partly shaded; Substrate: rock; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1399 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 87 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 454 [NCU]
[Lecidea euphorea (Flörke) Nyl., Lecidea euphorea f. decussata Szatala, Lecidea euphorea f. euphorea Sommerf., Lecidea euphorea f. glomerulosa (DC.) Räsänen, Lecidea euphorea f. hypoporphyrea Vain., Lecidea euphorea f. saxicola Räsänen, Lecidea euphorea f. tabescens (Körb.) Vain., Lecidea euphorea f. tumidula (A. Massal.) Lettau, Lecidea euphorea var. elaeochromiza Nyl., Lecidea euphorea var. euphorea Sommerf., Lecidea euphorea var. laureri (Hepp) Vain., Lecidea glomerulosa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea glomerulosa f. achrista (Sommerf.) Erichsen, Lecidea glomerulosa f. areolata (Dufour ex Fr.) Grummann, Lecidea glomerulosa f. athallina (H. Olivier) Grummann, Lecidea glomerulosa f. fuscella (Eitner) Grummann, Lecidea glomerulosa f. glomerulosa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea glomerulosa f. grandis (Flot. ex Körb.) Grummann, Lecidea glomerulosa f. tabescens (Körb.) Szatala, Lecidea glomerulosa f. zerauschanica Gintovt, Lecidea glomerulosa var. achrista DC., Lecidea glomerulosa var. glomerulosa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea glomerulosa var. muscorum (Wulfen) Vain., Lecidea sabuletorum var. euphorea Flörke]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Bacidia arthoniza (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Buellia myriocarpa f. stigmatea (Schaer.) Stein, Buellia myriocarpa var. stigmatea (Körb.) H. Olivier, Buellia parasema var. stigmatea (Schaer.) Flagey, Buellia punctata var. stigmatea (Schaer.) Servít & Nádv., Lecidea lacus-crateris H. Magn., Lecidea micacea Körb., Lecidea prominula Borrer, Lecidea punctata var. stigmatea Schaer., Lecidea restricta Stirt., Lecidea stigmatea Ach., Lecidea stigmatea f. acrustacea (Müll. Arg.) H. Magn., Lecidea stigmatea f. armeniaca Szatala, Lecidea stigmatea f. diasemoides (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea stigmatea f. egena (Kremp.) H. Magn., Lecidea stigmatea f. luxurians Vain., Lecidea stigmatea f. macra Vain., Lecidea stigmatea f. stigmatea Ach., Lecidea stigmatea f. subsequens (Nyl.) H. Magn., Lecidea subsequens Nyl., Lecidea subsequens f. paatsjokensis Vain., Lecidea subsequens f. subsequens Nyl., Lecidea vulgata Zahlbr., Lecidea vulgata var. subsequens (Nyl.) Zahlbr.]
[Biatora moestula (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatorina expansa (Nyl.) Arnold, Bombyliospora expansa Zahlbr., Lecidea borneoensis Zahlbr., Lecidea demarginata Nyl., Lecidea dispansa Nyl., Lecidea erratica Körb., Lecidea erratica f. demarginata (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea erratica f. dendroides Erichsen, Lecidea erratica f. deplanatula Vain., Lecidea erratica f. erratica Körb., Lecidea erratica var. erratica Körb., Lecidea erratica var. inaequalis Erichsen, Lecidea erratica var. planetica (Tuck.) Lowe{?}, Lecidea expansa Chevall., Lecidea moestula Nyl., Lecidea suberratica J. Lowe, Lecidea tephrizans Leight., Micarea erratica (Körb.) Hertel, Rambold & Pietschmann]
Granitic Flatrock Community; sunny; Substrate: loose cobble; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1823 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2164 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, Holotype (BG) from Swain County, source: Jørgensen, P.M. & T. Tønsberg. 2005. Leioderma cherokeense (Pannariaceae, Lecanorales) sp. nov. from the Great Smoky Mountains, North Carolina, U.S.A. The Bryologist 108(3): 412 - 414.
[Glyphis sericea (Eschw.) Nyl., Graphis sericea (Eschw.) Nyl., Lecanactis sericea (Eschw.) Kremp., Lecanactis sericea var. sericea (Eschw.) Kremp., Leiogramma sericeum Eschw., Phaeographis sericea (Eschw.) Müll. Arg., Phaeographis sericea var. sericea (Eschw.) Müll. Arg.]
[Lichen fagineus L., Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl., Pertusaria amara f. amara (Ach.) Nyl., Pertusaria amara f. isidiata Harm., Pertusaria amara subsp. amara (Ach.) Nyl., Pertusaria amara var. amara (Ach.) Nyl., Pertusaria amara var. flotowiana (Flörke) Erichsen, Pertusaria amara var. isidiata (Harm.) Erichsen, Variolaria amara Ach.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Pertusaria andersoniae Lendemer, Pertusaria andersonii Lendemer [orth. error]]
Blue Ridge, Holotype (NY) from Avery County, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2009. Pertusaria andersonii (Pertusariaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from high elevations of the southern Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 6: 55-58.; J. Hollinger 24088 [NY]
[Pertusaria commutata Müll.Arg., Pertusaria copiosa Erichsen, Variolaria commutata (Müll. Arg.) Lendemer, R.C. Harris & A.M. Ruiz nom. inval.]
Coastal Plain; Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 685 [NCU]
[Pertusaria hypothamnolica Dibben]
Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU]
[Pertusaria multipunctoides Dibben, Variolaria multipunctoides (Dibben) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 830 [NCU], Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 232 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1094 [NCU], more...
[Pertusaria lecanina subsp. nigra Fink ex J. Hedrick, Pertusaria multipuncta f. ophthalmiza, Pertusaria multipuncta var. ophthalmiza Nyl., Pertusaria multipuncta var. tenuescens Nyl., Pertusaria ophthalmiza (Nyl.) Nyl., Variolaria ophthalmiza (Nyl.) Darb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4177 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4000 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 4102 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2193 [NCU]
[Haematomma pustulatum Brodo & W.L. Culb., Loxospora pustulata (Brodo & Culb.) R.C. Harris, Variolaria pustulata (Brodo & W.L. Culb.) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
[Pertusaria laevigata (Nyl.) Arnold, Pertusaria laevigata var. discrepans Erichsen, Pertusaria laevigata var. laevigata (Th. Fr.) Anzi, Pertusaria trachythallina Erichsen, Variolaria trachythallina (Erichs.) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 130 [NCU]
[Pertusaria waghornei Hulting, Variolaria waghornei (Hulting) Darb., Variolaria waghorneri (Hulting) Darb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Amphiloma Nyl., Epinyctis Wallr., Leproloma Nyl. ex Crombie]
[Crocynia caesioalba B. de Lesd., Lepraria zonata Brodo, Leproloma caesioalba (B. de Lesd.) M. Choisy]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; Substrate: quartzite wall; Perlmutter, Gary B. 599 [NCU]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; Substrate: quartzite wall; Perlmutter, Gary B. 590 [NCU]
[Lepraria frigida J. R. Laundon]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Lepraria salazinica Tønsberg]
Blue Ridge, source: Tønsberg, T. 2007. Notes on the lichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov. Opuscula Philolichenum 4: 51 – 54.; T. Tønsberg 30847 [BG]
[Andreiomyces morozianus (Lendemer) Hodk. & Lendemer]
Blue Ridge, Holotype (NY) from Haywood County, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2010. Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: new species, new reports, and preliminary keys. Brittonia 62(3): 267-292.
[Crocynia neglecta (Nyl.) Hue, Lecidea neglecta Nyl.]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly shady; Substrate: rocky underhang of quartzite wall; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2549 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 606 [NCU], Schallert, Paul O. 1936-08-02 [NCU]
[Lepraria elobata Tønsberg]
Blue Ridge, source: Tønsberg, T. 2007. Notes on the lichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov. Opuscula Philolichenum 4: 51 – 54.
[Crocynia vouauxii Hue, Leproloma vouauxii (Hue) J. R. Laundon]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements; partly shaded; Substrate: mafic rock outcrop near creek; J. C. Lendemer 8296 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1679 [NCU]
[Lepraria adhaerens K. Knudsen, Elix & Lendemer]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Leptogium caesium var. austroamericanum (Malme) Zahlbr., Leptogium cyanescens var. austroamericanum Malme]
[Collema azureum (Sw.) Ach., Leptogium moluccanum var. azureum (Sw.) Asahina, Leptogium tremelloides var. azureum Nyl., Lichen azureus Sw., Parmelia azurea (Sw. ex Ach.) Ach.]
maritime forest; shady; substrate: Quercus laurifolia trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 675 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Collema amphineum (Nyl.) Ach., Collema byssinum (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Epiphloea byssina (Hoffm.) Henssen & P.M. Jørg., Homodium byssinum (Hoffm.) Boistel, Leptogium amphineum Nyl., Lichen byssinus Hoffm., Pannaria byssina (Hoffm.) Nyl., Polychidium amphineum (Nyl.) Trevis., Polychidium byssinum (Hoffm.) Trevis.]
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Collema chloromelum (Ach.) Ach., Lichen chloromelos Sw., Lichen chloromelus (Ach.) Sw., Lichen chloromelus Sw. ex Ach. nom. inval., Parmelia chloromela Ach.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Collema cyanescens (Ach.) Rabenh., Collema tremelloides var. cyanescens Ach., Leptogium cyanizum Nyl. nom. illegit., Leptogium tremelloides var. cyanescens (Ach.) Hepp, Lichen cyanescens Pers., Parmelia cyanescens (Pers.) Ach., Stephanophorus cyanizum (Nyl.) Nyl., Verrucaria cyanescens (Pers.) Hoffm.]
[Leptogium tremelloides subsp. dactylinum (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Tuck., Scytinium dactylinum (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Otálora, P.M. Jørg. & Wedin]
source: Perlmutter, G.B. and J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; James C. Lendemer 8321 [PH]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.; Coker, William Chambers s.n. [NCU], Martyn J. Dibben 20084 [MIL]
[Leptogium marginellum var. isidiosellum Riddle]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2008. Lichens of eastern North America exsiccate, Fascicle VI, No.s 251-300. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 97 - 106.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., J. Korcourková & K. Knudsen. 2008. Studies in lichens and lichenicolous fungi: notes on some taxa from North America. Mycotaxon 105: 379-386.
[Leptogium americanum Degel.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Collema phyllocarpum Pers., Collema turneri Taylor ex Hook. f., Leptogium bullatum (Sw.) Mont., Leptogium bullatum f. phyllocarpum (Pers.) Tuck., Leptogium bullatum var. bullatum (Sw.) Mont., Leptogium phyllocarpum var. turneri (Taylor ex Hook. f.) Zahlbr., Stephanophorus phyllocarpum (Pers.) Mont.]
Coastal Plain, source: Sierk, H. A. 1964. The genus Leptogium in North America north of Mexico. Bryologist 67(3): 245 - 317.; Culberson, William, L. 8076 [DUKE]
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Arthopyrenia oxyspora (Nyl.) Mudd, Campylacia oxyspora (Nyl.) Anzi, Leptorhaphis oxyspora (Nyl.) Körb., Lichen epidermidis Ach., Pyrenula oxyspora (Nyl.) Hepp, Sagedia oxyspora (Nyl.) Tuck., Segestrella oxyspora (Nyl.) Branth & Rostr., Spermatodium oxysporum (Nyl.) Trevis., Verrucaria albissima Nyl., Verrucaria epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis f. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis f. maculans Nyl., Verrucaria epidermidis subsp. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis var. albissima Fée, Verrucaria epidermidis var. epidermidis (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria epidermidis var. gemellipara C. Knight, Verrucaria epidermidis var. gemmelipara C. Knight, Verrucaria epidermidis var. grisea Schleich. ex Schaer., Verrucaria epidermidis var. quassiaecola Fée, Verrucaria oxyspora Nyl.]
[Endocarpon baileyi Stirt., Endocarpon wightii Taylor, Leptotrema baileyi (Stirt.) Shirley, Leptotrema ravenelii (Tuck.) Fink, Leptotrema wightii f. wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Leptotrema wightii var. wightii (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Myriotrema wightii (Taylor) Hale, Phaeotrema wightii (Taylor) Zahlbr., Sanguinotrema wightii (Taylor) Lücking, Thelotrema ravenelii Tuck., Thelotrema wightii (Taylor) Nyl., Thelotrema wightii subsp. ravenelii (Tuck.) Tuck.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Heterothecium parabolum (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Heterothecium parabolum var. parabolum (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Heterothecium parabolum var. subvulpinum Müll.Arg., Lecidea parabola Nyl., Lecidea parabola var. parabola Nyl., Lecidea parabola var. subvulpina (Müll. Arg.) Shirley, Lopadium parabolum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lopadium parabolum var. parabolum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lopadium parabolum var. subvulpinum (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr.]
[Leptotrema glaucescens (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Leptotrema glaucescens var. epileptum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Leptotrema glaucescens var. glaucescens (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Myriotrema glaucescens (Nyl.) Hale, Thelotrema glaucescens Nyl., Thelotrema glaucescens var. epileptum Nyl., Thelotrema glaucescens var. glaucescens Nyl.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Diploschistes diffractus (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Diploschistes diffractus f. diffractus (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Diploschistes diffractus f. saxicola (Kremp.) Zahlbr., Leptotrema diffractum Müll.Arg., Leptotrema polycarpum Müll. Arg., Leptotrema subcompunctum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Myriotrema subcompunctum (Nyl.) Hale, Thelotrema subcompunctum Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, Reported as Myriotrema subcompunctum, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Anaptychia appalachensis Kurok., Heterodermia appalachensis (Kruok.) W.L. Culb.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Schwartzman, Ed 2007-02-23 [NCU]
[Anaptychia 'leucomelaena' (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelaena (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelaena f. leucomelaena, Anaptychia leucomelos (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) A. Massal., Borrera leucomelos (L.) Ach., Hagenia leucomelos (L.) Schwend., Heterodermia leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena f. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena subsp. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena var. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos f. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos subsp. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Lichen leucomelos L., Lobaria leucomelos (L.) Raeusch., Parmelia leucomelos (L.) Ach., Parmelia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Ach., Parmelia speciosa var. leucomelos (L.) Eschw., Physcia leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia leucomelos f. leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia speciosa var. leucomelos (L.) Tuck., Teloschistes leucomelos (L.) A. Schneid., Xanthoria leucomelos (L.) Horw.]
[Lecidea obscuroides Linds., Lichenochora obscurioides (Lindsay) Triebel & Rambold, Lichenochora thallina (Cooke) Hafellner, Pharcidia thallina (Cooke) Lettau, Sphaerella thallina Cooke]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Coniosporium lecanorae Jaap, Coniothyrium lecanoracearum Vouaux, Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 30(3): 293 (1914), Lichenoconium lecanoracearum (Vouaux) Petr. & Syd.]
Blue Ridge, lichenicolous fungus, source: Lendemer, J.C., 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: further new and interesting reports. Evansia 25(4): 97-101.
[Microdiplodia lecanorae Vouaux, Pharcidia cerinaria (Mudd) Sacc., Sphaeria cerinaria Mudd, Tichothecium cerinarium (Mudd) Berl. & Voglino]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4347 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, lichenicolous fungus, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Lichen confinis O.F. Müll., Lichina pygmaea var. minor (Turner) Hook. f., Neolichina confinis (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Neolichina confinis f. caesia Gyeln., Neolichina confinis f. compacta Gyeln., Neolichina confinis f. confinis (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Neolichina confinis f. minor (Turner) Gyeln., Neolichina confinis f. transfuga (Nyl.) Gyeln., Pygmaea confinis (O.F. Müll.) Kuntze, Stereocaulon confine (O.F. Müll.) Hoffm.]
[Lichina confinis f. willeyi Tuck.]
Specimens collected by Whitford, and Henssen & Whitford cited in species treatment., source: Henssen, A. 1969. Three non-marine species of the genus Lichina. The Lichenologist 4(2):88-98.; A. Henssen 17111-a [ASU], L.A. Whitford s.n. [WIS], Whitford, L., A. s.n. [DUKE], A. Henssen... 17111 a [FH]
[Arthopyrenia hyalospora (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Plagiocarpa hyalospora (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Pleurotrema solivagum Degel.]
source: Harris, R.C. 1973. The corticolous pyrenolichens of the Great Lakes region. Michigan Bot. 12: 3-68.
[Plagiocarpa illota (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Plagiocarpa langloissi R.C. Harris 1980, Pseudopyrenula illota (Nyl.) Vain., Verrucaria diluta Nyl. nom. illegit.]
source: Harris, R.C. 1995. More Florida Lichens, including the 10¢ tour of the pyrenolichens. Published by the author, Bronx, N.Y., 192 pp.
[Plagiocarpa macrospora R.C. Harris]
source: Harris, R.C. 1989. A sketch of the family Pyrenulaceae (Melanommatales) in eastern North America. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 74-107.
[Plagiocarpa phaeospora R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. and J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; James C. Lendemer 8339 [PH]
[Plagiocarpa septemseptata R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Holotype (MSC) from Transylvania County, source: Harris, R.C. 1989. A sketch of the family Pyrenulaceae (Melanommatales) in eastern North America. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 74-107.
[Dermatodea pulmonaria (L.) A. St.-Hil., Lichen pulmonarius L., Lobaria pulmonacea (Ach.) Shirley, Lobaria pulmonaria f. hypomela (Delise) Cromb., Parmelia pulmonacea Ach., Parmelia pulmonaria (L.) Spreng., Platysma pulmonarium (L.) Frege, Pulmonaria reticulata Hoffm., Sticta pulmonacea (Ach.) Ach., Sticta pulmonacea var. hypomela Delise, Sticta pulmonacea var. papillaris Delise, Sticta pulmonacea var. pleurocarpa Ach., Sticta pulmonacea var. pulmonacea (Ach.) Ach., Sticta pulmonaria (L.) Biroli, Sticta pulmonaria f. pulmonaria (L.) Biroli, Sticta pulmonaria var. hypomela (Delise) Duby]
[Lobaria quercizans f. quercizans Michx., Lobaria quercizans var. quercizans Michx., Ricasolia quercizans (Michx.) Stizenb., Sticta quercizans (Michx.) Ach., Stictina quercizans Nyl., Stictina quercizans var. ornata Müll. Arg.]
[Emmanuelia ravenelii (Tuck.) Ant. Simon & Goffinet, Sticta ravenelii Tuck.]
Piedmont, Coastal Plain; Schallert, Paul O. 1934-05-13 [NCU]
[Lichen scrobiculatus Scop., Lichen verrucosus L., Lobaria verrucosa (Huds.) Hoffm., Lobaria verrucosa var. burcica Gyeln., Lobaria verrucosa var. verrucosa (Huds.) Hoffm., Lobarina scrobiculata (Scop.) Nyl., Lobarina verrucosa (Huds.) Gyeln. ex Räsänen, Parmelia scrobiculata (Scop.) Ach., Platysma verrucosum (Baumg.) Frege, Pseudocyphellaria scrobiculata (Scop.) J. Blum, Pulmonaria verrucosa (Baumg.) Hoffm., Sticta scrobiculata (Scop.) Ach., Sticta verrucosa (Huds.) Fink, Stictina scrobiculata (Scop.) Nyl., Stictina verrucosa (Huds.) Szatala]
[Heterothecium pezizoideum var. disciforme Flot., Lopadium pezizoideum var. disciforme (Flot.) Körb., Sporopodium pezizoideum var. disciforme (Flot.) Vain.]
[Haematomma cismonicum Beltr., Lecanora cismonica (Beltr.) Nyl., Patellaria cismonica (Beltr.) Hepp]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Culberson, W.L. 1958. Variation in the pine-inhabiting vegetation of North Carolina. Ecology 39(1): 23-28.
[Chicitaea confusa (Lendemer) Guzow-Krzem., Kukwa & Lendemer]
[Haematomma elatinum (Ach.) A. Massal., Lecania elatina (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Lecanora elatina Ach., Lichen elatinus Ach., Parmelia elatina (Ach.) Fr., Patellaria elatina (Ach.) Hepp, Pseudographis elatina (Ach.) Nyl., Pseudographis elatina var. elatina (Ach.) Nyl., Pseudographis elatina var. polyseptata Magnes, Zeora elatina (Ach.) Flot.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Culberson, W.L. 1963. A summary of the lichen genus Haematomma in North America. The Bryologist 66(4): 224-236.
[Biatora ochrophaea Tuck. 1848, Haematomma ochrophaeum (Tuck.) A. Massal., Lecania ochrophaea (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Lecanora elatina var. ochrophaea (Tuck.) Tuck., Lecanora ochrophaea (Tuck.) Nyl.]
[Haematomma pustulatum Brodo & W.L. Culb., Lepra pustulata (Brodo & W.L.Culb.) Lendemer & R.C.Harris, Variolaria pustulata (Brodo & W.L. Culb.) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
[Aegerita physciae Vouaux, Illosporium corallinum Roberge]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. and J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; James C. Lendemer 8311 [PH]
[Acarospora constans (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecanora constans Nyl., Maronea carolinae H. Magn., Maroneomyces constantis Cif. & Tomas., Rinodina constans (Nyl.) Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Enterographa carnea (Eckfeldt) R.C. Harris, Ocellularia carnea (Eckfeldt) Zahlbr., Thelotrema carneum Eckfeldt]
[Catillaria albocincta Degel., Catillochroma albocinctum (Degel.) Kalb, Catinaria albocincta Degel.]
Blue Ridge, published as Catinaria albocincta, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Catillochroma beechingii (Lendemer) Kalb]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2007. Megalaria beechingii, a new species from the southern Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum, 4: 41-44.
[Biatora intermixta sensu auct. brit., Biatorina laureri (Hepp ex Th. Fr.) Fink, Biatorina subsphaeroides (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia subsphaeroides (Nyl.) Galløe, Catillaria laureri Hepp ex Th. Fr., Catillaria laureri f. laureri Hepp ex Th. Fr., Catillaria subsphaeroides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Catinaria laureri (Hepp ex Th. Fr.) Degel., Catinaria laureri f. laureri (Hepp ex Th. Fr.) Degel., Catinaria laureri subsp. laureri (Hepp ex Th. Fr.) Degel., Catinaria laureri subsp. subsphaeroides (Nyl.) P. James, Catinaria subsphaeroides (Nyl.) P. James, Gyalecta livida (Mudd) Zahlbr., Lecidea laureri (Hepp) Anzi, Lecidea subsphaeroides Nyl., Phialopsis livida Mudd]
Blue Ridge, Reported as Catinaria laureri, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Biatora porphyritis Tuck., Bombyliospora porphyritis (Tuck.) A. Massal.]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Quercus laurifolia trunk; J. C. Lendemer 8349 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 714-a [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 757 [NCU]
[Amygdalaria verrucosa (Ach.) Körb., Aspicilia mutabilis (Ach.) Körb., Aspicilia mutabilis f. corticola Norman, Aspicilia mutabilis f. mutabilis (Ach.) Körb., Aspicilia verrucosa (Ach.) Körb., Aspicilia verrucosa f. corticola-asiatica Gintovt, Aspicilia verrucosa f. rugulosa Norman, Aspicilia verrucosa f. verrucosa (Ach.) Körb., Aspicilia verrucosa subsp. mutabilis (Ach.) Cl. Roux, Aspicilia verrucosa subsp. verrucosa (Ach.) Körb., Gussonea verrucosa (Ach.) Trevis., Lecanora urceolata (Anzi) Nyl., Lecanora verrucosa (Ach.) Laurer, Lecanora verrucosa f. rugulosa Norman, Lecanora verrucosa f. verrucosa Ach., Megaspora verrucosa (Ach.) Hafellner & V. Wirth Nom. rejic., Megaspora verrucosa var. mutabilis (Ach.) Nimis & Cl. Roux, Megaspora verrucosa var. verrucosa (Ach.) Hafellner & V. Wirth, Pachyospora mutabilis (Ach.) A. Massal., Pachyospora verrucosa (Ach.) Massal., Parmelia verrucosa (Ach.) Spreng., Pertusaria freyi Erichsen, Pertusaria freyi subsp. freyi Erichsen, Pertusaria freyi subsp. monosticha Erichsen, Pertusaria freyi var. freyi Erichsen, Pertusaria freyi var. monosticha (Erichsen) Erichsen, Urceolaria mutabilis Ach., Urceolaria scruposa var. verrucosa (Ach.) Schaer., Urceolaria verrucosa Ach.]
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press.
[Cetraria culbersonii Hale, Nephromopsis culbersonii (Hale) Divakar, A. Crespo & Lumbsch]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; sunny; Substrate: quartzite wall; Perlmutter, Gary B. 605 [NCU]
[Cetraria stygia (L.) Schaer., Cornicularia stygia (L.) Nyl., Imbricaria stygia (L.) DC., Imbricaria stygia f. conturbata Arnold, Imbricaria stygia f. stygia (L.) DC., Lichen stygius L., Lobaria stygia (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia stygia (L.) Ach., Parmelia stygia f. lignicola Kosk.{?}, Parmelia stygia f. stygia (L.) Ach., Parmelia stygia var. elveloidea Schaer., Parmelia stygia var. orbicularis Schaer., Parmelia stygia var. pulvinata Schaer., Parmelia stygia var. reagens Servít, Parmelia stygia var. septentrionalis Lynge, Parmelia stygia var. stygia (L.) Ach., Squamaria stygia (L.) Hoffm.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; James C. Lendemer 46383 [COLO]
[Melanelia subargentifera (Nyl.) Essl., Parmelia conspurcata (Schaer.) Vain., Parmelia subargentifera Nyl., Parmelia subargentifera f. conspurcata (Schaer.) Grummann, Parmelia subargentifera f. pernites (Lettau) Grummann, Parmelia subargentifera f. subargentifera Nyl., Parmelia subargentifera var. leucocheila (A. Massal.) Grummann, Parmelia subargentifera var. subargentifera Nyl.]
Piedmont, specimen at HBG; photovoucher at NCU; Perlmutter, Gary B. 438 [NCU]
[Imbricaria subaurifera (Nyl.) Arnold, Melanelia subaurifera (Nyl.) Essl., Parmelia subaurifera Nyl., Parmelia subaurifera f. fuliginoides B. de Lesd., Parmelia subaurifera f. isidioidea H. Olivier, Parmelia subaurifera f. laciniata Maas Geest., Parmelia subaurifera f. minuta (Erichsen) Rass., Parmelia subaurifera f. subaurifera Nyl., Parmelia subaurifera var. fuliginoides (B. de Lesd.) Frey, Parmelia subaurifera var. minuta Erichsen, Parmelia subaurifera var. subaurifera Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Encephalographa anthracothecii Diederich, Melaspilea tribulodes (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Opegrapha tribulodes Tuck.]
[Imbricaria aspera (A. Massal.) Körb., Imbricaria aspidota (Ach.) Rehm, Melanelia exasperata (De Not.) Essl., Melanelia exasperata f. exasperata (De Not.) Essl., Melanelia exasperata f. pruinosa (Parrique) S.Y. Kondr., Parmelia aspera A. Massal., Parmelia aspera f. aspera A. Massal., Parmelia aspera f. aspidota (Ach.) Maas Geest., Parmelia aspera f. exasperans (Nyl.) Grummann, Parmelia aspidota (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia aspidota f. aspidota (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia aspidota f. corallizans (Harm.) Hillmann, Parmelia aspidota f. exasperans (Nyl.) Hillmann, Parmelia aspidota f. lobulicola Gyeln., Parmelia aspidota f. pruinosa (Parrique) Hillmann, Parmelia aspidota var. aspidota (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia aspidota var. exasperans (Nyl.) Szatala, Parmelia exasperata De Not., Parmelia exasperata f. corallizans Harm., Parmelia exasperata f. exasperata De Not., Parmelia exasperata f. pruinosa Parrique, Parmelia exasperata var. exasperans (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Parmelia exasperata var. exasperata De Not., Parmelia olivacea f. aspidota (Ach.) Th. Fr., Parmelia olivacea var. aspera (A. Massal.) anon.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Melanelia halei (Ahti) Essl., Parmelia halei Ahti]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Imbricaria olivacea (L.) DC., Imbricaria olivacea f. olivacea (L.) DC., Imbricaria olivacea f. papulosa Anzi, Imbricaria olivacea var. imbricata A. Massal., Imbricaria olivacea var. olivacea (L.) DC., Lichen olivaceus L., Melanelia olivacea (L.) Eassl., Melanelia olivacea f. albopunctata (Asahina) S.Y. Kondr., Melanelia olivacea f. caesiopruinosa (Lynge) S.Y. Kondr., Melanelia olivacea f. olivacea (L.) Essl., Parmelia olivacea L. (Ach.), Parmelia olivacea f. albopunctata Asahina, Parmelia olivacea f. caesiopruinosa Lynge, Parmelia olivacea f. olivacea (L.) Ach., Parmelia olivacea var. abortiva Schaer., Parmelia olivacea var. albopunctata (Asahina) Ahti, Parmelia olivacea var. arenisaxicola Gyeln., Parmelia olivacea var. corticola Th. Fr., Parmelia olivacea var. delisei Duby, Parmelia olivacea var. elegantula Zahlbr., Parmelia olivacea var. furfuracea, Parmelia olivacea var. leucocheila A. Massal., Parmelia olivacea var. olivacea (L.) Ach., Parmelia olivacea var. polyspora Herre, Platysma olivaceum (L.) Frege]
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius,G N 1941: Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. - Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Melanelia septentrionalis (Lynge) Essl., Parmelia olivacea var. septentrionalis Lynge, Parmelia septentrionalis (Lynge) Ahti]
[Hazslinszkya Körb., Melanographa Müll. Arg., Melaspileomyces Cif. & Tomas., Melaspileopsis (Müll. Arg.) Ertz & Diederich, Stictographa Mudd]
[Graphis scaphella var. gemella Eschw.]
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press.
[Arthonia proximella Nyl., Banhegyia setispora L. Zeller & Tóth., Banhegyia uralensis (Naumov) Kohlm., Buellia proximella (Nyl.) Rabenh., Catillaria proximella (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Celidium proximellum (Nyl.) P. Karst., Celidium proximellum var. proximellum (Nyl.) P. Karst., Celidium proximellum var. uralense Naumov, Coniangium proximellum (Nyl.) Hellb., Melaspileella proximella (Nyl.) Ertz & Diederich]
[Arthonia proximella Nyl., Banhegyia setispora L. Zeller & Tóth., Banhegyia uralensis (Naumov) Kohlm., Buellia proximella (Nyl.) Rabenh., Catillaria proximella (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Celidium proximellum (Nyl.) P. Karst., Celidium proximellum var. proximellum (Nyl.) P. Karst., Celidium proximellum var. uralense Naumov, Coniangium proximellum (Nyl.) Hellb., Melaspilea proximella (Nyl.) Nyl. ex Norrlin]
Piedmont/Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2085 [NCU]
[Parmelia subsimilis H. Magn.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Hypogymnia pertusa (Schaer.) Nyl., Imbricaria diatrypa (Ach.) DC., Imbricaria pertusa (Schaer.) Arnold, Imbricaria terebrata (Hoffm.) Körb., Lichen diatrypus Ach., Lichen pertusus L., Lobaria terebrata Hoffm., Menegazzia diatrypa (Ach.) A. Massal., Menegazzia pertusa (Schaer.) Stein, Menegazzia pertusa f. pertusa (Schaer.) J. Stein, Menegazzia pertusa var. pertusa (Schaer.) J. Stein, Parmelia diatrypea (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia pertusa Schaer., Parmelia pertusa f. excelsicola Gyeln., Parmelia pertusa f. pertusa Schaer., Parmelia pertusa f. subimpertusa Nyl., Parmelia pertusa f. ventricosa Hue, Parmelia pertusa var. coskinodes F. Wilson, Parmelia pertusa var. epifusca Gyeln., Parmelia pertusa var. montana F. Wilson, Parmelia pertusa var. nigrilimbata Hillmann, Parmelia pertusa var. pertusa Schaer., Parmelia physodes var. terebrata (Hoffm.) Torss., Parmelia sipeana Gyeln., Physcia diatrypa (Ach.) Gray]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Bacidia chlorosticta (Tuck.) A. Schneid., Biatora chlorosticta (Tuck.) anon., Lecidea chlorosticta Tuck.]
[Biatora aniptiza (Stirt.) Walt. Watson, Biatora denigrata Fr., Biatorina denigrata (Fr.) Poetsch, Biatorina spodiza (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Biatorina synothea, Biatorina synothea var. semialbula (Stirt.) A.L. Sm., Blastenia herbidella f. denigrata Servít, Catillaria denigrata (Fr.) Vain., Catillaria denigrata f. denigrata (Fr.) Hedl., Catillaria denigrata f. poliococca (Nyl.) Vain., Catillaria denigrata f. pseudoglomerella (Harm.) Grummann, Catillaria denigrata f. pyrenothizans (Nyl.) Vain., Catillaria denigrata var. bacidiella (Vain.) Grummann, Catillaria denigrata var. denigrata (Fr.) Hedl., Catillaria hemipoliella (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Catillaria spodiza (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea aniptiza Stirt., Lecidea aniptiza f. aniptiza Stirt., Lecidea aniptiza f. intersociella Stirt., Lecidea aniptiza var. aniptiza Stirt., Lecidea aniptiza var. intersociella Stirt., Lecidea denigrata (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea denigrata f. denigrata (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea denigrata f. pseudoglomerella Harm., Lecidea denigrata subsp. denigrata (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea denigrata var. bacidiella Vain., Lecidea denigrata var. denigrata (Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea hemipoliella Nyl., Lecidea hemipoliella var. hemipoliella Nyl., Lecidea hemipoliella var. semialbula Stirt., Lecidea parissima Nyl., Lecidea spodiza Nyl., Micarea hemipoliella (Nyl.) Vězda, Patellaria denigrata (Fr.) Spreng.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Bacidia endocyanea (Tuck. ex Willey) Zahlbr., Biatora endocyanea Tuck. ex Willey]
Blue Ridge, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Bacidia ilyophora (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Bacidia melaena (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia melaena f. melaena (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia melaena f. turfosa (Th. Fr.) Zahlbr., Biatora globularis (Nyl.) Räsänen, Biatora melaena (Nyl.) Tuck., Bilimbia ilyophora (Stirt.) Wheldon & A. Wilson, Bilimbia melaena (Nyl.) Arnold, Bilimbia melaena f. melaena (Nyl.) Arnold, Bilimbia melaena f. turfosa Th. Fr., Lecidea globularis Ach. ex Nyl., Lecidea globularis f. deviella Vain., Lecidea globularis f. globularis Nyl., Lecidea globularis f. misella (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea globularis f. olivascens Vain., Lecidea ilyophora Stirt., Lecidea melaena Nyl., Micarea globularis (Ach. ex Nyl.) Hedl., Patellaria melaena (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Weitenwebera melaena (Nyl.) Poetsch]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Biatora micrococca Körb., Biatorina micrococca (Körb.) Arnold, Catillaria micrococca (Körb.) Th. Fr., Lecidea micrococca (Körb.) Cromb., Micarea prasina f. micrococca (Körb.) Hedl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Biatora misella (Nyl.) H.G. Falk, Biatorina misella (Nyl.) M. Choisy, Lecidea anomala var. misella Nyl., Lecidea melanochroza Leight. ex Cromb., Lecidea misella Nyl., Lecidea misella f. brasiliana Vain., Lecidea misella f. deviella (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecidea misella f. misella (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecidea misella f. olivascens (Vain.) Zahlbr.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. and J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; J. C. Lendemer 8402 [NY], Goodwin, Meriel s.n. [NCU]
[Bacidia hemipolioides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia lignaria var. conglomerata Hepp, Bacidia peliocarpa (Anzi) Lettau, Bacidia trisepta (Nägeli) Zahlbr., Bacidia violacea (P. Crouan & H. Crouan ex Nyl.) Arnold, Biatora trisepta (Nägeli) G. Merr., Bilimbia hemipolioides (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia peliocarpa Anzi, Bilimbia subviridescens var. trisepta (Nägeli) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia trisepta (Nägeli) Hellb., Bilimbia violacea (P. Crouan & H. Crouan ex Nyl.) Arnold, Lecidea hemipolioides Nyl., Lecidea peliocarpa (Anzi) Nyl., Lecidea trisepta Nägeli, Lecidea violacea P. Crouan & H. Crouan ex Nyl., Micarea trisepta (Hellb.) Wetmore, Micarea violacea (Nyl.) Hedl., Micarea violacea f. cupreola Hedl., Micarea violacea f. exigua Hedl., Micarea violacea var. violacea (P. Crouan & H. Crouan ex Nyl.) Hedl., Patellaria trisepta (Nägeli) Müll. Arg., Weitenwebera trisepta (Nägeli) Poetsch]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2127 [NCU]
[Biatora prasina (Fr.) Fr., Biatorina prasina (Fr.) Stein, Biatorina prasiniza (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatorina sordidescens (Nyl.) Arnold, Catillaria micrococca f. glebulosa Erichsen, Catillaria micrococca f. micrococca (Körb.) Th. Fr., Catillaria micrococca var. discrepans Erichsen, Catillaria micrococca var. micrococca (Körb.) Th. Fr., Catillaria prasina (Fr.) Th. Fr., Catillaria prasina f. lactea (Arnold) Th. Fr., Catillaria prasina f. longior Erichsen, Catillaria prasina f. prasina (Fr.) Th. Fr., Catillaria prasina f. prasiniza (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Catillaria prasina var. hypocyanea Vain., Catillaria prasina var. laevior (Vain.) Zahlbr., Catillaria prasina var. occulta Erichsen, Catillaria prasina var. prasina (Fr.) Th. Fr., Catillaria prasina var. sordidescens (Nyl.) Lettau, Catillaria prasiniza (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Catillaria sordidescens (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea prasina (Fr.) Schaer., Lecidea prasina var. laevior Vain., Lecidea prasina var. prasina (Fr.) Schaer., Lecidea prasiniza Nyl., Lecidea sordidescens Nyl., Micarea prasina var. sordidescens (Nyl.) Brodo]
Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Perlmutter, G.B. and J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; J. C. Lendemer... 8343 [NY], J. C. Lendemer... 8073 [NY], James C. Lendemer 1627 [PH]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; R. Helsel 41 [NY]
[Biatora leucophaea Flörke ex Rabenh., Biatora leucophaea var. leucophaea Flörke ex Rabenh., Biatora leucophaea var. propagulifera (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora leucophaea var. sorediosa (Vain.) Räsänen, Lecanora discolorella (Nyl.) Leight., Lecanora leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Nyl., Lecanora leucophaea var. conglobata, Lecanora leucophaea var. leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Nyl., Lecanora leucophaeiza Nyl., Lecidea aggregatula Nyl., Lecidea confertula Stirt., Lecidea dicolorella Nyl., Lecidea discolorella Nyl., Lecidea griseoatra var. leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) V. Wirth, Lecidea leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Nyl., Lecidea leucophaea f. leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Th. Fr., Lecidea leucophaea f. propagulifera Vain., Lecidea leucophaea f. sorediosa Vain., Lecidea leucophaea var. consanguinea (Anzi) Vain., Lecidea leucophaea var. dispersa Vain., Lecidea leucophaea var. leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Th. Fr., Lecidea leucophaea var. obscurescens Vain. ex Lynge, Lecidea leucophaea var. perrugosa Vain., Lecidea leucophaea var. rugosa Vain., Lecidea leucophaea var. sanguineella Vain., Lecidea leucophaeiza (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecidea marylandensis H. Magn., Lecidea mesotropa Nyl., Lecidea mesotropoides Nyl., Lecidea sporeta Stirt., Miriquidica leucophaea var. leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Hertel & Rambold, Psora confertula (Stirt.) Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Melanelia disjuncta (Erichsen) Essl., Melanelia granulosa (Lynge) Essl., Parmelia disjuncta Erichsen, Parmelia granulosa Lynge, Parmelia granulosa var. granulosa (Hoffm.) Mart., Parmelia granulosa var. yoldiae Räsänen, Parmelia prolixa subsp. sorediata]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Arthopyrenia cookei (Linds.) Arnold, Endococcus atricola (Linds.) H. Olivier, Microthelia atricola Linds., Microthelia cookei Linds., Muellerella atricola (Linds.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Muellerella atricola var. atricola (Linds.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Mycosphaerella cookei (Lind) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Tichothecium erraticum subsp. microphorum (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Tichothecium lichenicola (Sommerf.) R. Sant., Verrucaria microphora Nyl.]
[Clavaria corynoides Peck]
Hillside Seepage Bog; sunny; substrate: soil of tip-up mound; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1429 [NCU]
[Clavaria mucida Pers., Lentaria mucida (Pers.) Corner]
[Haematomma caesium Coppins & P. James]
Blue Ridge, source: Tønsberg, T. 2006. Notes on some lichens from the Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina / Tennessee, U.S.A. Evansia 23: 61 - 63.
[Calicium albonigrum Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Calicium parietinum Ach., Calicium parietinum var. cinerascens Nyl., Calicium parietinum var. parietinum Ach., Calicium subtile Pers., Calicium subtile f. minutella (Ach.) Keissl., Calicium subtile f. subtile Pers., Calicium subtile var. biloculare F. Wilson, Calicium subtile var. capillare F. Wilson, Calicium subtile var. cinerascens (Nyl.) Keissl., Calicium subtile var. minutellum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Calicium subtile var. subtile Pers., Chaenotheca parietina (Ach.) Cout., Cyphelium parietinum (Ach.) Bagl., Mycocalicium parietinum (Ach.) Vain.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
Hillside Seepage Bog; sunny; Substrate: Quercus sapling trnk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1161 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1442 [NCU]
[Arthopyrenia analeptoides (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Arthopyrenia antecellens (Nyl.) Arnold, Arthopyrenia epidermidis var. cinerea, Didymella antecellens (Nyl.) Vain., Leiophloea stigmatella Gray, Leptorhaphis antecellens (Nyl.) Blomb. & Forssell, Verrucaria analeptoides Nyl., Verrucaria antecellens Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: further new and interesting reports. Evansia 25(4): 97-101.
[Mycoporellum californicum Zahlbr., Tomasellia californica (Zahlbr.) R.C. Harris]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1988 [NCU]
[Arthothelium lichenale (Peck) M.E. Barr, Bottaria composita A. Massal., Dermatina pyrenocarpa (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Mycoporum pycnocarpum Nyl., Mycoporum pycnocarpum var. ohiense Nyl., Mycoporum pycnocarpum var. pycnocarpum Nyl., Pyrenastrum compositum Hepp]
[Mycoporellum eschweileri Müll.Arg., Tomasellia eschweileri (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; J. C. Lendemer 39937 [NY]
[Arthopyrenia epidermidis var. lactea (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Mycoporellum hassei Zahlbr., Mycoporellum lacteum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Mycoporellum sparsellum (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Mycoporum sparsellum Nyl., Porina bonplandii Müll.Arg., Tomasellia lactea (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Tomasellia sparsella (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria cinerea var. lactea (Ach.) Duby, Verrucaria lactea (Ach.) Eschw., Verrucaria stigmatella var. lactea Ach.]
[Dermatina pycnocarpoides (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, source: Harris, R.C. 1973. The corticolous pyrenolichens of the Great Lakes region. Michigan Bot. 12: 3-68.
[Arthopyrenia epidermidis var. lactea (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Mycoporellum hassei Zahlbr., Mycoporellum lacteum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Mycoporellum sparsellum (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Mycoporum lacteum (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Porina bonplandii Müll.Arg., Tomasellia lactea (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Tomasellia sparsella (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria cinerea var. lactea (Ach.) Duby, Verrucaria lactea (Ach.) Eschw., Verrucaria stigmatella var. lactea Ach.]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1986 [NCU]
[Parmelia galbina Ach. (Hale), Parmelia subquercifolia Hue, Parmelia sulphurosa (Tuck.) Fink, Parmelina galbina (Ach.) Hale]
[Parmelia metarevoluta Asahina, Parmelina metarevoluta (Asahina) Hale]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2007. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: new and interesting records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. Evansia 24(4): 98-102.
[Berengeria hagenii (Ach.) Trevis., Lecanora hagenii (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora hagenii f. hagenii (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora hagenii subsp. hagenii (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora hagenii var. fallax Hepp, Lecanora hagenii var. hagenii (Ach.) Ach.]
[Santessoniolichen Tomas. & Cif., Santessoniomyces Cif. & Tomas.]
[Arthopyrenia saxicola A. Massal., Arthopyrenia saxicola f. saxicola A. Massal., Arthopyrenia saxicola f. subnigricans Arnold, Leiophloea saxicola (A. Massal.) Riedl, Pyrenocollema saxicola (A. Massal.) R.C. Harris, Sagedia saxicola (A. Massal.) Kremp., Spermatodium saxicola (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria saxicola (A. Massal.) Cromb.]
[Nectria rubefaciens Ellis & Everh., Trichonectria rubefaciens (Ellis & Everh.) Diederich & Schroers]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2007. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: new and interesting records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. Evansia 24(4): 98-102.; J. C. Lendemer 34561 [NY], J. C. Lendemer 44001 [NY]
Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. and H.T. Lumbsch. 2008. Protoparmelia capitata sp. nov., and P. isidiata Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus., two species of Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) from south-eastern North America. The Lichenologist 40(4): 329-336.
[Nephroma resupinatum var. helveticum (Ach.) Gyeln., Nephromium helveticum (Ach.) Nyl., Nephromium helveticum var. helveticum (Ach.) Nyl., Ornatinephroma resupinatum var. helveticum (Ach.) Gyeln., Peltigera helvetica (Ach.) Spreng.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2312 [NCU]
[Lichen parilis Ach., Nephroma laevigatum var. parile (Ach.) Mudd, Nephromium laevigatum var. parile (Ach.) Nyl., Nephromium parile (Ach.) Nyl., Nephromium parile f. glomelliferum (Croz.) M. Choisy, Nephromium parile f. hybridum Gyeln. ex Nikol., Nephromium parile f. parile (Ach.) Nyl., Nephromium parile f. reagens B. de Lesd., Opisteria parilis (Ach.) Vain., Peltidea parilis (Ach.) Ach., Peltigera parilis (Ach.) Spreng.]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Lichen resupinatus L., Nephroma resupinata (L.) Ach., Nephroma tomentosum (Hoffm.) Flot., Nephromium resupinatum (L.) Arnold, Nephromium resupinatum var. nordinii (Gyeln.) Räsänen, Nephromium resupinatum var. papillosa Räsänen, Nephromium resupinatum var. resupinatum (L.) Arnold, Nephromium tomentosum (Hoffm.) Nyl., Nephromium tomentosum var. isidiosum Nyl., Nephromium tomentosum var. tomentosum (Hoffm.) Nyl., Opisteria resupinata (L.) Vain., Ornatinephroma resupinatum (L.) Gyeln., Ornatinephroma resupinatum f. inaequale (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Ornatinephroma resupinatum f. resupinatum (L.) Gyeln., Ornatinephroma resupinatum var. helvum (A. Massal.) Gyeln., Ornatinephroma resupinatum var. resupinatum (L.) Gyeln., Parmelia tomentosa (Hoffm.) Wallr., Peltidea resupinata (L.) Ach., Peltidea resupinata var. microcarpa Clemente, Peltidea resupinata var. resupinata (L.) Ach., Peltigera tomentosa Hoffm., Sticta drummondii Taylor]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Bathelium compositum (Vain.) C.W. Dodge, Pseudopyrenula bicincta Zahlbr., Pseudopyrenula composita Vain., Pseudopyrenula deightonii C.W. Dodge, Pseudopyrenula pyrenuloides Zahlbr., Pseudopyrenula tropica (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Pseudopyrenula verrucosa Vain., Pyrenula gaudichaudii (Fée) Pers., Pyrenula tropica (Ach.) Trevis., Sagedia tropica (Ach.) A. Massal., Spermatodium tropicum (Ach.) Trevis., Trypethelium compositum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Trypethelium tropicum (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Trypethelium tropicum var. nigratum Müll.Arg., Trypethelium tropicum var. tropicum (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Verrucaria gaudichaudii Fée, Verrucaria tropica Ach.]
Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, JC/ Yahr, R 2004: A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. - Evansia 21(3): 118-136.
[Endocarpon pulchellum Borrer, Lauderlindsaya borreri (Leighton) R. Sant., Lenormandia jungermanniae Nyl., Lenormandia pulchella (Borrer) A. Massal., Normandina jungermanniae (Nyl.) Nyl., Normandina jungermanniae var. jungermanniae (Nyl.) Nyl., Normandina jungermanniae var. sorediosa H. Olivier, Polyblastia armericola Walt. Watson, Sphaeria borreri Tul., Verrucaria pulchella Borrer]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1916 [NCU]
[Chiodecton anguinellum (Nyl.) Vain., Enterographa anguinella (Nyl.) Redinger, Opegrapha anguinella (Nyl.) Ertz & Diederich, Stigmatidium anguinellum Nyl.]
[Thelotrema praestans Müll.Arg.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; J. C. Lendemer 39912 [NY], J. C. Lendemer 1042 [NY]
[Ochrolechia arborea var. arborea (Kreyer) Almb., Pertusaria arborea (Kreyer) Zahlbr., Pertusaria arborea f. albula (Savicz) Erichsen, Pertusaria arborea f. arborea (Kreyer) Zahlbr., Pertusaria arborea var. albula (Savicz) Kreyer, Pertusaria arborea var. arborea (Kreyer) Zahlbr., Pertusaria arborea var. parvipuncta Erichsen, Variolaria arborea (Kreyer) Ljub., Variolaria arborea var. albula Savicz, Variolaria arborea var. arborea (Kreyer) Ljub., Variolaria lactea var. arborea Kreyer]
source: Brodo, I.M. 1991. Studies on the lichen genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America. Can. J. Bot. 69, 4: 733 - 772.
Blue Ridge, source: Brodo, I.M. 1991. Studies on the lichen genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America. Can. J. Bot. 69, 4: 733 - 772.
[Gasparrinia pallescens (L.) Tornab., Lecanora pallescens (L.) Röhl., Lecanora pallescens f. anomala Harm., Lecanora pallescens f. leprosa Nyl., Lecanora pallescens f. pallescens (L.) Röhl., Lecanora pallescens f. variolosa Flot., Lecanora pallescens var. corticola A. Massal., Lecanora pallescens var. pallescens (L.) Röhl., Lecanora pallescens var. rosella Tuck., Lecanora pallescens var. tartarea L., Lichen pallescens L., Ochrolechia parella subsp. pallescens (L.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Parmelia pallescens (L.) Rebent., Parmelia pallescens f. pallescens (L.) Rabent., Parmelia pallescens f. subalpina Räsänen, Parmelia parella var. pallescens (L.) Ach., Patellaria pallescens (L.) Trevis., Pertusaria pallescens (L.) Müll. Arg., Pertusaria pallescens var. pallescens (L.) Müll. Arg., Pertusaria pallescens var. rosella Müll.Arg., Psora pallescens (L.) Baumg., Verrucaria pallescens (L.) F.H. Wigg.]
source: Brodo, I.M. 1991. Studies on the lichen genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America. Can. J. Bot. 69, 4: 733 - 772.
[Lecanora tartarea (L.) Ach., Lecanora tartarea f. microcarpa Th. Fr., Lecanora tartarea f. tartarea (L.) Ach., Lecanora tartarea subsp. tartarea (L.) Ach., Lecanora tartarea var. arborea (DC.) Schaer., Lecanora tartarea var. frigida (Sw.) Ach., Lecanora tartarea var. gonatodes (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora tartarea var. grandinosa Ach., Lecanora tartarea var. pterulina Nyl., Lecanora tartarea var. tartarea (L.) Ach., Lichen tartareus L., Ochrolechia erichsenii Hafellner & Türk, Ochrolechia tartarea var. pycnidiifera Verseghy, Patellaria tartarea (L.) DC., Pertusaria gyrocheila Nyl., Pertusaria tumidula Erichsen, Pertusaria tumidula var. perpityrea Erichsen, Pertusaria tumidula var. tumidula Erichsen, Rinodina tartarea (L.) Gray, Verrucaria tartarea (L.) F.H. Wigg.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Pertusaria trochophora Vain.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
source: Brodo, I.M. 1991. Studies on the lichen genus Ochrolechia. 2. Corticolous species of North America. Can. J. Bot. 69, 4: 733 - 772.
[Ochrolechia pennsylvanica Verseghy, Ochrolechia tuckermanii Vers.]
[Dactylospora anomea (Nyl.) Zopf, Leciographa pertusariae Vouaux, Mycobilimbia anomea (Nyl.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Opegraphoidea quaternella (Nyl.) Fink]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Melanographa leucina Müll. Arg., Melaspilea leucina (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Melaspilea octomera Müll.Arg., Opegrapha alborimosa Zahlbr., Opegrapha alborimosa f. alborimosa Zahlbr., Opegrapha alborimosa f. brevicarpa Redinger, Opegrapha alborimosa f. tenuirimis Redinger, Opegrapha alborimosa var. alborimosa Zahlbr., Opegrapha alborimosa var. candissima Redinger, Opegrapha alborimosa var. globulifica Redinger, Opegrapha alborimosa var. reticulata Redinger, Opegrapha alborimosa var. senescens Redinger, Opegrapha humilis Müll.Arg., Opegrapha interalbata Nyl., Opegrapha interveniens Müll.Arg., Opegrapha leucina Müll.Arg. ex Shirley]
[Arthonia atra (Pers.) A. Schneid., Graphis atra (Pers.) Spreng., Graphis atra var. atra (Pers.) Spreng., Graphis stenocarpa (Ach.) Spreng., Hysterina denigrata (Ach.) Gray, Hysterina nimbosa (Sm.) Gray, Opegrapha atra f. atra Pers., Opegrapha atra f. cerasi (Chevall.) Arnold, Opegrapha atra f. nigrata Leight., Opegrapha atra f. platanoides Nyl., Opegrapha atra f. reticulata (DC.) J. Nowak, Opegrapha atra f. rimosa (DC.) J. Nowak, Opegrapha atra f. simplicior Nyl., Opegrapha atra f. stenocarpa (Ach.) J. Nowak, Opegrapha atra f. tenuior Nyl. ex Leight., Opegrapha atra var. abbreviata Körb., Opegrapha atra var. arthonioidea Leight., Opegrapha atra var. atra Pers., Opegrapha atra var. cubana B. de Lesd., Opegrapha atra var. denigrata (Ach.) Schaer., Opegrapha atra var. euphorbiae Vězda, Opegrapha atra var. hapalea (Ach.) Nyl., Opegrapha atra var. nigrata Leight. ex Mudd, Opegrapha atra var. parallela Leight. ex Mudd, Opegrapha atra var. phoenicicola Jatta, Opegrapha atra var. rimosa (DC.) Zahlbr., Opegrapha atra var. stenocarpa (Ach.) Dufour, Opegrapha denigrata Ach., Opegrapha hapalea (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha nimbosa Sm., Opegrapha rimosa DC., Opegrapha stenocarpa Ach., Opegrapha stenocarpa var. hapalea Ach., Opegrapha stenocarpa var. stenocarpa Ach., Opegrapha vulgata f. stenocarpa (Ach.) Leight.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Graphis gyrocarpa (Flot.) Spreng., Gyrographa gyrocarpa (Flotow) Ertz & Tehler, Opegrapha saxicola var. gyrocarpa (Flot.) Stizenb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Blue Ridge, Holotype (NY) from Avery County, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2009. Opegrapha moroziana (Rocellaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a new sorediate saxicolous species from eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 6: 51-54.; James C. Lendemer 66978 [COLO]
[Alyxoria diaphora (Ach.) Gray, Alyxoria notha (Ach.) Gray, Alyxoria varia (Pers.) Ertz & Tehler, Graphis notha (Ach.) Trevis., Graphis varia (Pers.) Branth & Rostr., Lichen nothus Ach., Lichen signatus Ach., Opegrapha chlorina Pers., Opegrapha diaphora (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha diaphora f. diaphora (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha diaphora f. herbicola Nyl., Opegrapha diaphora f. signata (Ach.) J. Nowak, Opegrapha diaphora f. tigrina (Ach.) J. Nowak, Opegrapha diaphora var. chlorina (Pers.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha diaphora var. diaphora (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha diaphora var. mexicana B. de Lesd. ex Ruiz{?}, Opegrapha diaphora var. signata (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha diaphora var. stellata Sántha, Opegrapha diaphora var. tigrina (Ach.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha diaphora var. tridens (Ach.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha lichenoides Pers., Opegrapha lichenoides f. cerebrina (Erichsen) J. Nowak, Opegrapha lichenoides f. chlorina (Pers.) Erichsen, Opegrapha lichenoides f. lichenoides Pers., Opegrapha lichenoides f. octomera Redinger, Opegrapha lichenoides f. populina (Moug.) Zahlbr., Opegrapha lichenoides var. cerebrina Erichsen, Opegrapha lichenoides var. chlorina (Pers.) Redinger, Opegrapha lichenoides var. lichenoides Pers., Opegrapha lichenoides var. populina (Moug.) Erichsen, Opegrapha lichenoides var. subchondrina Redinger, Opegrapha notha (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha notha var. notha (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha notha var. populina Moug., Opegrapha notha var. spaniota Ach., Opegrapha pulicaris (Hoffm.) Schrader, Opegrapha pulicaris f. lutescens (Ach.) Nyl., Opegrapha pulicaris f. minuta (Chevall.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha pulicaris f. phaea (Ach.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha pulicaris f. pollinii (A. Massal.) Redinger, Opegrapha pulicaris f. pulicaris (Hoffm.) Schrad., Opegrapha rimalis Pers. ex Ach., Opegrapha rimalis var. betulina H. Olivier, Opegrapha rimalis var. rimalis Ach., Opegrapha signata (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha signata var. beta Ach., Opegrapha signata var. signata (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha signata var. tigrina Ach., Opegrapha tridens Ach., Opegrapha varia f. pulicaris, Opegrapha varia f. varia Pers., Opegrapha varia f. xanthocarpa Zwackh, Opegrapha varia var. chlorina (Pers.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha varia var. diaphora (Ach.) Fr., Opegrapha varia var. glomerulans Müll.Arg., Opegrapha varia var. heterocarpa Müll.Arg., Opegrapha varia var. lichenoides (Pers.) Hepp, Opegrapha varia var. notha (Ach.) Fr., Opegrapha varia var. phaea (Ach.) Rabenh., Opegrapha varia var. pulicaris (Hoffm.) Fr., Opegrapha varia var. rimalis (Ach.) Fr., Opegrapha varia var. varia, Scaphis notha (Ach.) Eschw.]
[Graphis involuta Wallr., Graphis viridis (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Lecanactis involuta (Wallr.) A. Massal., Opegrapha involuta (Wallr.) Jatta, Opegrapha rubella var. viridis Ach., Opegrapha viridis f. albicans Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. perminuta Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. subatra Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Opegrapha viridis var. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Sclerographa viridis (Pers.) Erichsen, Zwackhia viridis (Ach.) Poetsch & Schied.]
[Graphis vulgata (Ach.) Wallr., Graphis vulgata var. periblastetica Wallr. nom.illegit., Hysterina vulgata (Ach.) Gray, Lichen vulgatus Ach., Opegrapha cinerea Chevall., Opegrapha cinerea f. cinerea Chevall., Opegrapha confluens (Ach.) Stizenb., Opegrapha devulgata Nyl., Opegrapha lithyrga var. confluens Ach., Opegrapha vulgata f. vulgata (Ach.) Ach., Opegrapha vulgata var. cinerea (Chevall.) Blomb. & Forssell, Opegrapha vulgata var. devulgata (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Opegrapha vulgata var. parallela Müll.Arg., Opegrapha vulgata var. vulgata (Ach.) Ach., Pyrenotea lutea Leight.]
[Amandinea insperata (Nyl.) H. Mayrhofer & Ropin, Berengeria metabolica (Ach.) Trevis., Buellia biloculata (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Buellia biloculata var. biloculata (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Buellia polospora (Leight.) Shirley, Buellia polospora var. polospora (Leight.) Shirley, Lecania fuscella f. metabolica (Ach.) Grummann, Lecanora biloculata (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecanora insperata Nyl., Lecanora metabolica Ach., Lecidea biloculata Nyl., Lecidea insperata (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecidea polospora Leight., Lichen metabolicus (Ach.) Lam., Patellaria metabolica (Ach.) DC., Pseudobuellia biloculata (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Rinodina biloculata (Nyl.) Sheard, Rinodina insperata (Nyl.) Malme, Rinodina metabolica (Ach.) Anzi, Rinodina metabolica var. exigua (Ach.) Körb., Rinodina metabolica var. maculiformis (Hepp) Körb., Rinodina metabolica var. metabolica (Ach.) Anzi, Rinodina metabolica var. phaeocarpa Müll.Arg., Rinodina metabolica var. volletica Flörke, Zeora metabolica (Ach.) Flot., Zeora metabolica var. metabolica (Ach.) Flot.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., J. Korcourková & K. Knudson. 2008. Studies in lichens and lichenicolous fungi: notes on some taxa from North America. Mycotaxon 105: 379-386.
[Imbricaria conoplea (Ach.) DC., Pannaria pityrea (DC.) Degel. [G. Nilsson], Pannaria rubiginosa var. conoplea (Ach.) Körb., Parmelia conoplea Ach.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Schallert, P.O. 1011 [NCU]
[Collema luridum Mont., Dichodium subluridum (Nyl.) Nyl., Pannaria sublurida Nyl., Physma globiferum Hue, Physma luridum (Mont.) Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Amphiloma rubiginosum (Ach.) Hepp, Lecanora rubiginosa (Ach.) Nyl., Lichen affinis Dicks., Lichen crenulatus With., Lichen rubiginosus Ach., Parmelia plumbea var. affinis (Dicks.) Taylor, Parmelia rubiginosa (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia rubiginosa var. araneosa C. Bab., Parmelia rubiginosa var. rubiginosa (Ach.) Ach., Squamaria affinis (Dicks.) Hook., Trachyderma rubiginosum (Ach.) Norman, Zeora rubiginosa (Ach.) Flot.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Jørgensen, P.M. 2000. Survey of the lichen family Pannariaceae on the American continent, north of Mexico. The Bryologist 103(4): 670-704.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Amphischizonia Mont., Aspidelia Stirt., Lichen L.]
[Imbricaria omphalodes (L.) Jatta, Lichen omphalodes L., Parmelia omphalodes f. caesiopruinosa Nyl. ex Norrl., Parmelia omphalodes f. glomulifera (Cromb.) Cromb., Parmelia omphalodes f. subconcentrica Cromb., Parmelia omphalodes var. glomulifera (Cromb.) Wheldon & A. Wilson, Parmelia omphalodes var. panniformis Ach., Parmelia saxatilis f. glomulifera Cromb., Parmelia saxatilis f. panniformis Cromb., Parmelia saxatilis var. omphalodes (L.) Fr., Parmotrema omphalodes (L.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema omphalodes var. omphalodes (L.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema omphalodes var. panniformis (Ach.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema omphalodes var. pinniformis (Ach.) M. Choisy, Psora omphalodes (L.) Baumg.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Geissodea saxatilis (L.) J. St.-Hil., Imbricaria saxatilis (L.) Körb., Imbricaria saxatilis f. nigrescens Britzelm., Imbricaria saxatilis f. saxatilis (L.) Körb., Imbricaria saxatilis var. omphalodes (L.) Körb., Imbricaria saxatilis var. saxatilis (L.) Körb., Lichen laciniatus var. saxatilis (L.) Weiss, Lichen saxatilis L., Parmelia quercina f. furfuracea (Schaer.) Zahlbr., Parmelia saxatilis f. caesiopruinosa Nyl. ex Cromb., Parmelia saxatilis f. furfuracea Schaer., Parmelia saxatilis var. aizonii Delise ex Duby, Parmelia saxatilis var. furfuracea (Schaer.) Linds., Parmelia saxatilis var. panniformis, Parmotrema saxatile (L.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema saxatile var. aizoni (Delise) M. Choisy, Parmotrema saxatile var. saxatile (L.) M. Choisy, Platysma saxatile (L.) Frege]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.; Schallert, Paul O. 1289 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Parmelia saxatilis var. leucochroa Wallr., Parmelia sulcata var. laevis Nyl., Parmotrema sulcatum (Taylor) M. Choisy, Parmotrema sulcatum var. contorta (Bory) M. Choisy, Parmotrema sulcatum var. pruinosa (Harm.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema sulcatum var. sulcatum (Taylor) M. Choisy]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2010. Lichens of eastern North America exsiccate, fascicle VIII, No.s 351-400. Opuscula Philolichenum 8: 121-129.
Blue Ridge, source: Becker, V.E. 1980. Nitrogen fixing lichens in forests of the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. The Bryologist 83, 1: 29 - 39.
[Lecidea pannosa (Sw.) Ach., Lichen pannosus Sw., Pannaria mariana var. pannosa (Sw.) Hue, Pannaria pannosa (Sw.) Nyl., Parmelia pannosa (Sw.) Sw., Parmeliella pannosa var. pannosa (Sw.) Müll. Arg.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Amphiloma triptophyllum (Ach.) Hepp, Biatora triptophylla (Ach.) Fr., Heterothecium triptophyllum (Ach.) Flot., Lecanora triptophylla (Ach.) Link, Lecidea triptophylla Ach., Lecidea triptophylla var. caesia Schaer., Lecidea triptophylla var. triptophylla Ach., Lepidoma triptophyllum (Ach.) Gray, Pannaria triptophylla (Ach.) A. Massal., Pannaria triptophylla f. incrassata Nyl., Pannaria triptophylla f. luxurians Vain., Pannaria triptophylla f. triptophylla (Ach.) A. Massal., Pannularia triptophylla (Ach.) Nyl., Parmelia triptophylla (Ach.) Fr., Parmeliella corallinoides f. incrassata (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Parmeliella corallinoides var. triptophylla (Ach.) Gyeln., Trachyderma triptophyllum (Ach.) Norman]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Schallert, Paul Otto 777 [NCU], Schallert, Paul O. 1936-06-15 [NCU]
[Hypotrachyna horrescens (Taylor) Krog & Swinsc., Parmelia dissecta Nyl., Parmelia horrescens Taylor, Parmelia laevigata f. dissecta (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Parmelia laevigata subsp. dissecta (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia saxatilis f. horrescens (Taylor) Stizenb., Parmelina dissecta (Nyl.) Hale, Parmelina horrescens (Taylor) Hale, Usnea horrescens (Taylor) Motyka]
[Hypotrachyna minarum (Vain.) Krog & Swinsc., Parmelia hubrichtii E.C. Berry, Parmelia minarum Vain., Parmelina minarum (Vain.) Skorepa]
[Hypotrachyna spumosa (Asahina) Krog & Swinsc., Parmelia spumosa Asahina, Parmelina spumosa (Asahina) Hale]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Foraminella ambigua (Hoffm.) S.L.F. Mey., Lichen ambiguus Wulfen nom. illegit., Lichen ambiguus var. albescens Wahlenb., Lichen ambiguus var. ambiguus Wulfen nom. illegit., Lobaria ambigua (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Parmelia ambigua (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa var. ambigua Zahlbr., Parmelia viridosoredians Elix, Placodium ambiguum (Hoffm.) Frege, Squamaria ambigua Hoffm.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Culberson, W.L. 1958. Variation in the pine-inhabiting vegetation of North Carolina. Ecology 39(1): 23-28.
[Foraminella hyperopta (Ach.) S.L.F. Fricke-Meyer, Imbricaria aleurites var. hyperopta (Ach.) Jatta, Imbricaria hyperopta (Ach.) Körb., Parmelia hyperopta Ach., Parmelia hyperopta var. angustifolia Hillmann, Parmelia hyperopta var. hyperopta Ach., Parmeliopsis diffusa (Körb.) Poetsch, Parmeliopsis diffusa f. albidula Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa f. albosorediata (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa f. angustifolia (Hillmann) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa f. diffusa (Körb.) Poetsch, Parmeliopsis diffusa f. fuscisorediata (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa f. roseola Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa var. diffusa (Körb.) Poetsch, Parmeliopsis diffusa var. evanescenti-virens Gyeln., Parmeliopsis diffusa var. obsessa (Ach.) Zahlbr., Parmeliopsis hyperopta f. hyperopta (Ach.) Vain., Parmeliopsis hyperopta var. hyperopta (Ach.) Vain.]
source: Culberson, W.L. 1958. Variation in the pine-inhabiting vegetation of North Carolina. Ecology 39(1): 23-28.
[Canomaculina Elix & Hale, Parmelaria D.D. Awasthi, Rimelia Hale & Fletcher, Rimeliella Kurok.]
[Imbricaria nilgherrensis Arnold, Parmelia arnoldii Du Rietz, Parmelia arnoldii f. arnoldii Du Rietz, Parmelia arnoldii f. pallescens Asahina, Parmelia arnoldii f. subpallecsens Kurok., Parmelia subarnoldii Abbayes, Parmotrema subarnoldii (Abbayes) Hale]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Parmelia austrosinensis Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Parmelia cetrata Ach., Parmelia cetrata f. cetrata Ach., Parmelia cetrata var. cetrata Ach., Parmelia perforata subsp. cetrata (Ach.) Tuck., Parmelia perforata var. cetrata (Ach.) Fr., Rimelia cetrata (Ach.) Hale & Fletcher]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Luttrell, Everett, S. 1134 [DUKE]
[Parmelia commensurata Hale, Rimelia commensurata (Hale) Hale & Fletcher]
[Canomaculina conferenda (Hale) Elix, Rimeliella conferenda (Hale) Kurok.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Imbricaria crinita (Ach.) Arnold, Imbricaria proboscidea (Taylor) Jatta, Parmelia chlorocarpa Müll. Arg., Parmelia crinita Ach., Parmelia crinita var. crinita Ach., Parmelia crinita var. inactiva H. Magn., Parmelia perforata subsp. crinita (Ach.) Tuck., Parmelia perlata f. dissectula Nyl., Parmelia proboscidea Taylor, Parmelia proboscidea f. bulbifera Hue, Parmelia proboscidea f. proboscidea Taylor, Parmelia proboscidea f. sorediifera (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia proboscidea var. corallina Müll.Arg., Parmelia proboscidea var. eciliata J.D. Zhao, Parmelia proboscidea var. ornatula Zahlbr., Parmelia proboscidea var. proboscidea Taylor, Parmelia proboscidea var. saxicola Sambo, Parmelia proboscidea var. sorediifera Müll.Arg., Parmotrema crinita (Ach.) M. Choisy]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Parmelia diffractaica Essl., Rimelia diffractaica (Essl.) Hale & Fletcher]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Parmelia dilatata Vain.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.; Culberson, William, L. 8073 [DUKE]
[Parmelia dominicana Vain.]
[Parmelia endosulphurea (Hillmann) Hale, Parmelia tinctoria var. endosulphurea Hillmann]
[Parmelia eurysaca Hue]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Parmelia gardneri C.W. Dodge]
riparian forest; shady; substrate: fallen Betula nigra branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 626 [NCU], James C. Lendemer 8351 [PH]
[Canomaculina haitiensis (Hale) Elix, Parmelia haitiensis Hale, Parmelia perlata f. aspera (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia proboscidea var. aspera Müll.Arg., Rimeliella haitiensis (Hale) Elix]
Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.; James C. Lendemer... 8058 [PH]
[Parmelia internexa Nyl.]
[Parmelia aberrans (Vain.) Abbayes, Parmelia caperata var. madagascariacea Hue, Parmelia chrysantha Tuck., Parmelia madagascariacea (Hue) Abbayes, Parmelia nyasensis C.W. Dodge, Parmelia perlata var. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Stizenb., Parmelia proboscidea var. xanthina Müll. Arg., Parmelia xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia xanthina f. aberrans Vain., Parmelia xanthina f. isidiosa Müll. Arg., Parmelia xanthina f. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia xanthina var. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmotrema aberrans (Vain.) des Abbayes, Parmotrema nyasense (C.W. Dodge) R.S. Egan nom. illegit., Parmotrema xanthinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Parmelia margaritata Hue]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Parmelia mellissii C.W. Dodge]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Wells, B. W. s.n. [NCU]
[Canomaculina neotropica (Kurok.) Elix, Rimeliella neotropica (Kurok.) Kurok.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Imbricaria perforata (Wulfen) Körb., Lichen perforatus Jacq., Lobaria perforata (Wulfen) Michx., Parmelia erecta E. C. Berry, Parmelia hypotropoides Nyl. ex Willey, Parmelia perforata (Jacq.) Ach., Parmelia perforata f. integra Kremp., Parmelia perforata var. microspora Räsänen, Parmelia perforata var. replicata Meyen & Flot., Parmelia perforata var. santiagoënsis Räsänen, Parmelia perlata var. perforata (Jacq.) Koltz, Parmotrema perforata (Jacq.) A. Massal., Platisma perforatum (Wulfen) Hoffm.]
[Imbricaria ciliata (DC.) Arnold, Imbricaria perlata (Huds.) Körb., Imbricaria perlata var. excrescens Arnold, Imbricaria perlata var. perlata (Huds.) Körb., Lichen perlatus Huds., Lobaria perlata (Huds.) Hoffm., Parmelia coniocarpa Laurer, Parmelia perlata (Huds.) Ach., Parmelia perlata f. corallina (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia perlata f. perlata (Huds.) Ach., Parmelia perlata f. soralifera Woron. & Pachunoff{?}, Parmelia perlata f. sorediifera Müll.Arg., Parmelia perlata subsp. cetrata (Ach.) Boistel, Parmelia perlata var. ciliata (DC.) Duby, Parmelia perlata var. flavogranulosa Vain., Parmelia perlata var. munda Harm., Parmelia perlata var. perlata (Huds.) Ach., Parmelia perlata var. platyloba Müll.Arg., Parmelia perlata var. rubescens Th. Fr., Parmelia perlata var. sorediata Schaer., Parmelia perlata var. subrevoluta Müll.Arg., Parmelia perlata var. tentaculata Wallr., Parmelia trichotera Hue, Parmelia trichotera f. munda (Harm.) Harm., Parmelia trichotera f. subnuda Erichsen, Parmelia trichotera f. trichotera Hue, Parmelia trichotera var. plombii B. de Lesd., Parmelia trichotera var. subincana Maheu & A. Gillet, Parmelia trichotera var. trichotera Hue, Parmotrema perlatum var. ciliata (DC.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema perlatum var. perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy, Parmotrema trichotera (Hue) M. Choisy, Platysma perlatum (Huds.) Frege]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Reported as P. chinense, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.; Leedy, Mrs. Ruth L-313 [NCU]
[Parmelia praesorediosa Nyl.]
maritime forest; shady; Substrate: Osmanthus americanus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 717 [NCU]
[Parmelia rampoddensis Nyl., Parmelia subinvoluta Hale]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Canomaculina leucosemotheta (Hue) Elix, Parmelia ciliata (DC.) Nyl., Parmelia concors Kremp., Parmelia laevigata var. reticulata (Taylor) Linds., Parmelia leucosemotheta Hue, Parmelia leucosemotheta f. isidiata Hue, Parmelia leucosemotheta f. leucosemotheta Hue, Parmelia macquariensis C.W. Dodge, Parmelia perforata f. perforata (Wulfen) Ach., Parmelia perforata var. ciliata Nyl., Parmelia perforata var. perforata (Wulfen) Ach., Parmelia pseudovirens Gyeln., Parmelia reticulata Taylor, Parmelia reticulata f. nuda Hue, Parmelia reticulata f. reticulata Taylor, Parmelia reticulata var. corniculata Abbayes, Parmelia reticulata var. discedens Hillmann, Parmelia reticulata var. reticulata Taylor, Parmelia urceolata var. sorediifera Müll.Arg., Parmelia urceolata var. subcetrata Müll.Arg., Parmelia virens var. sorediata Müll.Arg., Parmotrema leucosemothetum (Hue) Hale, Parmotrema pseudovirens (Gyeln.) Elix, Rimelia reticulata (Taylor) Hale & Fletcher]
[Parmelia simulans Hale, Rimelia simulans (Hale) Hale & Fletcher]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Parmelia claudelii (Harm.) Vain., Parmelia claudelii var. claudelii (Harm.) Vain., Parmelia claudelii var. clemensiae Vain., Parmelia maxima Hue, Parmelia perforata var. claudelii Harm., Parmelia stuppea Taylor, Parmelia trichotera var. claudelii (Harm.) Du Rietz, Parmotrema claudelii (Harm.) M. Choisy]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.; LaGreca, Scott, A.... 333 [DUKE]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Juniperus virginiana twig; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4308 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 314 [NCU]
[Canomaculina subsumpta (Nyl.) Elix, Parmelia subsumpta Nyl., Rimeliella subsumpta (Nyl.) Kurok.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.
[Canomaculina subtinctoria (Zahlbr.) Elix, Parmelia subtinctoria Zahlbr., Parmelia virens f. isidiosa Müll.Arg., Parmotrema subcrinitum (Nyl.) Hale ined., Rimelia subtinctoria (Zahlbr.) Kurok., Rimeliella subtinctoria (Zahlbr.) Kurok.]
[Lichen chinensis Osbeck, Parmelia tinctorum Despr. ex Nyl., Parmotrema chinense (Osbeck) Hale & Ahti, Parmotrema tinctorium (Despr. ex Nyl.) Hale]
[Canomaculina ultralucens (Krog) Elix & J.B. Chen, Parmelia subcrinita Nyl., Parmelia ultralucens Krog]
[Parmelia aberrans (Vain.) Abbayes, Parmelia caperata var. madagascariacea Hue, Parmelia chrysantha Tuck., Parmelia madagascariacea (Hue) Abbayes, Parmelia nyasensis C.W. Dodge, Parmelia perlata var. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Stizenb., Parmelia proboscidea var. xanthina Müll. Arg., Parmelia xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia xanthina f. aberrans Vain., Parmelia xanthina f. isidiosa Müll. Arg., Parmelia xanthina f. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia xanthina var. xanthina (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmotrema aberrans (Vain.) des Abbayes, Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale, Parmotrema nyasense (C.W. Dodge) R.S. Egan nom. illegit.]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; partly sunny; substrate: quartzite boulder; J. P. Dey 411 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2110-a [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 597 [NCU]
source: Diederich, P. 2003. New species and new records of American lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 16: 41-90.
[Omphalaria kansana Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Keever, C., H. J. Oosting & L. E. Anderson. 1951. Plant succession on exposed granite of Rocky Face Mountain, Alexander County, North Carolina. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 78(5): 401 - 421.
[Antilyssa Haller ex M. Choisy, Chloropeltigera (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Hydrothyria J.L. Russell, Peltidea Ach., Peltophora Clem.]
[Dermatodea canina (L.) A. St.-Hil., Lichen caninus L., Lichen caninus var. caninus L., Lichen caninus var. pellucidus Weber, Peltidea canina (L.) Ach., Peltidea canina var. canina (L.) Ach., Peltidea leucorrhiza Flörke, Deutsche Lich. 8: 10 (1821), Peltidea ulorrhiza Flörke, Peltidea ulorrhiza var. ulorrhiza Flörke, Peltigera canina f. leucorrhiza (Flörke) Flörke, Peltigera canina var. ulorrhiza (Flörke) Schaer. nom. illegit., Peltophora canina (L.) Clem., Pulmonaria terrestris Bory nom. illegit.]
[Lichen spurius Ach., Peltidea canina var. spuria (Ach.) DC., Peltidea erumpens Taylor, Peltidea spuria (Ach.) Ach., Peltigera canina subsp. erumpens (Taylor) Vain., Peltigera canina var. erumpens (Taylor) Hue, Peltigera canina var. spuria (Ach.) Schaer., Peltigera erumpens (Taylor) Elenkin, Peltigera erumpens f. densa Gyeln., Peltigera erumpens f. erumpens (Taylor) Lange, Peltigera erumpens f. glabrescens Gyeln., Peltigera erumpens f. hazslinszkyi (Gyeln.) Szatala, Peltigera erumpens f. leptoderma (Nyl.) Schol. ex Lynge, Peltigera erumpens f. scabrida Gyeln., Peltigera erumpens var. erumpens (Taylor) Lange, Peltigera erumpens var. hazslinszkyi (Gyeln.) Oxner, Peltigera erumpens var. leptoderma (Nyl.) Dombr., Peltigera rufescens f. spuria (Ach.) Körb., Peltigera rufescens var. spuria (Ach.) Gyeln., Peltigera spuria (Ach.) DC., Peltigera spuria f. hazslinszkyi (Gyeln.) H. Magn., Peltigera spuria f. sorediata (Schaer.) Grummann, Peltigera spuria f. spuria (Ach.) DC., Peltigera spuria var. calcicola Räsänen, Peltigera spuria var. erumpens (Taylor) Harm., Peltigera spuria var. hazslinszkyi (Gyeln.) Trass, Peltigera spuria var. leptoderma (Nyl.) Frey, Peltigera spuria var. magyarica (Gyeln.) Szatala, Peltigera spuria var. spuria (Ach.) DC., Peltigera spuria var. uluguruensis Vězda]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Perlmutter, Gary B. 818 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Antilyssa horizontalis (Huds.) Choisy, Lichen horizontalis Huds., Lichen horizontalis var. horizontalis Huds., Peltidea horizontalis (Huds.) Ach., Peltidea horizontalis var. horizontalis (Huds.) Ach., Peltigera canina var. horizontalis (Huds.) L. Marchand, Peltigera horizontalis f. muscorum (Schaer.) Zahlb., Peltigera horizontalis var. muscorum Schaer., Peltigera rufescens var. horizontalis (Huds.) Spreng.]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, JP 1978: Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. - The Bryologist 81: 1-93.
[Hydrothyria fontana Nyl., Hydrothyria venosa J.L. Russell]
[Peltidea hymenina Ach., Peltidea polydactylonis var. hymenina (Ach.) Flot., Peltigera polydactylon f. hymenina (Ach.) Flot., Peltigera polydactylon var. hymenina (Ach.) Flot.]
[Peltigera canina var. lepidophora Vain.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Chloropeltigera variolosa (A. Massal.) Gyeln., Chloropeltigera variolosa var. leucophlebia (Nyl.) Gyeln., Chloropeltigera variolosa var. variolosa (A. Massal.) Gyeln., Peltidea leucophlebia (Nyl.) Räsänen, Peltidea variolosa (A. Massal.) M. Choisy, Peltidea variolosa f. variolosa (A. Massal.) M. Choisy, Peltigera aphthosa f. variolosa A. Massal., Peltigera aphthosa var. leucophlebia Nyl., Peltigera aphthosa var. variolosa A. Massal., Peltigera variolosa (A. Massal.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. cinerea Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. crispa (Vain.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. dactylodes (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. dilaceratella (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. subalba Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa f. variolosa (A. Massal.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa var. dactylodes Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa var. digitata Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa var. leucophlebia (Nyl.) Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa var. microphyllina Gyeln., Peltigera variolosa var. variolosa (A. Massal.) Gyeln.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Peltidea canina var. malacea (Ach.) Wahlenb., Peltidea malacea Ach.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Peltidea polydactyla var. microcarpa Ach., Peltigera polydactylon f. collina Nyl., Peltigera polydactylon f. microcarpa (Ach.) Mérat, Peltigera polydactylon var. microcarpa (Ach.) Schaer., Peltigera rufescens f. incusa Körb.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Lichen caninus var. polydactylon (Neck.) Lightf., Lichen polydactylon Neck., Peltidea polydactyla var. polydactyla (Neck.) Ach., Peltidea polydactylon (Neck.) Ach., Peltigera canina var. polydactylon (Neck.) Branth & Rostr., Peltigera polydactyla (Necker) Hoffm. [orthographic error], Peltigera polydactylon f. polydactylon (Neck.) Hoffm., Peltigera polydactylon subsp. udeghe Magain, Miadl. & Sérus., Peltigera polydactylon var. major Schaer., Peltigera polydactylon var. polydactylon (Neck.) Hoffm., Peltigera rufescens var. polydactylon (Neck.) Torss.]
source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Peltidea ulorrhiza var. praetextata Flörke, Peltigera canina subsp. praetextata (Flörke) Vain., Peltigera canina var. praetextata (Flörke) Hue, Peltigera rufescens f. innovans Körb., Peltigera rufescens f. praetextata (Flörke) Oxner, Peltigera rufescens var. lepidophora, Peltigera rufescens var. praetextata (Flörke) Nyl.]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Lichen caninus var. rufescens Weiss, Lichen rufescens (Weiss) Neck., Peltidea rufescens (Weiss) Ach., Peltidea rufescens var. rufescens (Weiss) Ach., Peltigera canina var. rufescens (Weiss) Mudd]
[Dermatocarpon euplocum (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Endocarpon euplocum (Ach.) Ach., Heppia euploca (Ach.) Vain., Heppia guepinii (Delise) Nyl., Heppia polyphylla B. de Lesd., Lichen euplocus Ach., Verrucaria euploca (Ach.) Borrer]
[Endocarpiscum placodizans (Zahlbr.) Fink, Heppia placodizans Zahlbr., Peltula decorticans (Müll. Arg.) Filson, Placoheppia placodizans (Zahlbr.) Oxner, Pyrenopsidium decorticans Müll.Arg., Solorinaria placodizans (Zahlbr.) Gyeln.]
[Heppia zahlbruckneri Hasse]
Specimen collected by Henssen & Whitford cited in species treatment., source: Wetmore, C.M. 1970. The lichen family Heppiaceae in North America. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 57(2): 158-209.; Henssen, A.; Whitford 17162B [MIN], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3966 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2832 [NCU]
[Clausaria Nyl., Isidium (Ach.) Ach., Lecanidium A. Massal., Leproncus Vent., Melanaria Erichsen, Pertusariomyces E.A. Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas., Phyllophiale R. Sant., Phylloporina (Müll. Arg.) Müll. Arg., Pionospora Th. Fr., Segestrella Fr., Sphaeromphale Rchb., Stephosia Bat. & H. Maia]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Haris & J.A. Elix. 2008. Pertusaria appalachensis, a new species from eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 77 - 82.
[Lepra commutata (Mull.Arg) Lendemer & R.C.Harris, Pertusaria copiosa Erichsen, Variolaria commutata (Müll. Arg.) Lendemer, R.C. Harris & A.M. Ruiz nom. inval.]
maritime forest; shady; Substrate: Wild Olive trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 685 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 3997 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 3996 [NCU]
[Lecanora geminipara Th. Fr., Lecanora leprothelia Nyl., Ochrolechia geminipara (Th. Fr.) Vain., Ochrolechia leprothelia (Nyl.) Arnold, Toensbergia geminipara (Th. Fr.) T. Sprib. & Resl]
Piedmont, Reported as Ochrolechia geminipara, source: Howard, G.E. 1970. The lichen genus Ochrolechia in North America north of Mexico. The Bryologist 73(1): 93 - 130.
[Porina globularis Ach.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2817 [NCU]
[Lepra hypothamnolica (Dibben) Lendemer & R.C.Harris]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Pertusaria leucostoma A. Massal., Pertusaria leucostoma f. cryptostoma Erichsen, Pertusaria leucostoma f. leucostoma (Ach.) A. Massal., Pertusaria leucostoma f. variolosa (Müll. Arg.) Erichsen, Pertusaria leucostoma var. areolascens Erichsen, Pertusaria leucostoma var. dehiscens Erichsen, Pertusaria leucostoma var. intermpta Erichsen, Pertusaria leucostoma var. leucostoma (Ach.) A. Massal., Pertusaria leucostoma var. mamillana Erichsen, Porina leucostoma (Ach.) Ach., Thelotrema leucostomum Ach.]
Reported as Pertusaria leucostuma, source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Melanaria macounii I.M. Lamb, Pertusaria leioterella f. cerostoma Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella f. leioterella Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella var. albocincta Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella var. leioterella Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella var. major (Müll. Arg.) Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella var. mendax (Müll. Arg.) Erichsen, Pertusaria leioterella var. nilgherrensis (Müll. Arg.) Erichsen]
chestnut oak forest; shady; Substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 491 [NCU], Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1715 [NCU]
[Lepra multipunctoides (Dibben) Lendemer & R.C. Harris, Variolaria multipunctoides (Dibben) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Lepra ophthalmiza (Nyl.) Hafellner, Pertusaria lecanina subsp. nigra Fink ex J. Hedrick, Pertusaria multipuncta f. ophthalmiza, Pertusaria multipuncta var. ophthalmiza Nyl., Pertusaria multipuncta var. tenuescens Nyl., Variolaria ophthalmiza (Nyl.) Darb.]
[Pertusaria marginata Nyl., Pertusaria rubescens Erichsen, Pertusaria rubescens var. pallidior Erichsen, Pertusaria rubescens var. rubescens Erichsen, Pertusaria torquata Müll. Arg.]
[Lichen melaleucus Turner & Borrer, Pertusaria melaleuca (Turner & Borrer) Duby, Pertusaria melaleuca var. cyclops (Körb.) Hepp, Pertusaria melaleuca var. decussata (Kremp.) Müll. Arg., Pertusaria melaleuca var. ginzbergeri Zahlbr., Pertusaria melaleuca var. glabrata (Anzi) H. Olivier, Pertusaria melaleuca var. heterochroa (Müll. Arg.) J. Steiner, Pertusaria melaleuca var. melaleuca (Turner & Borrer) Duby, Pertusaria melaleuca var. octospora Müll.Arg., Pertusaria melaleuca var. tetramera Müll.Arg., Pertusaria melaleuca var. trispora Müll.Arg., Porina pustulata Ach., Porophora pustulata (Leight.) anon., Thelotrema melaleucum (Turner & Borrer) Turner]
[Pertusaria finkii Zahlbr.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Pertusaria leioplacoides var. plicatula Müll.Arg., Pertusaria tetrathalamia f. tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl., Pertusaria tetrathalamia var. plicatula (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Pertusaria tetrathalamia var. tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl., Porina tetrathalamia (Fée) Fée, Trypethelium subumbilicatum C. Knight, Trypethelium tetrathalamium Fée]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements over floodplain; shaded; Substrate: Carpinus carolinianus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1703 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2144 [NCU], Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 233 [NCU], more...
[Lepra trachythallina (Erichsen) Lendemer & R.C.Harris, Pertusaria laevigata (Nyl.) Arnold, Pertusaria laevigata var. discrepans Erichsen, Pertusaria laevigata var. laevigata (Th. Fr.) Anzi, Variolaria trachythallina (Erichs.) Lendemer, Hodk. & R.C. Harris]
[Lichen velatus (Turner) Sm. & Sowerby, Parmelia velata Turner, Pertusaria santamonicae Dibben, Pertusaria velata f. velata (Turner) Nyl., Pertusaria velata subsp. velata (Turner) Nyl., Pertusaria velata var. velata (Turner) Nyl., Varicellaria velata (Turner) Schmitt & Lumbsch, Variolaria velata (Turner) Ach.]
mixed mesic forest; partly shady; substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 441 [NCU]
[Abrothallus oxysporus Tul., Biatora oxyspora (Tul.) Tuck., Epithallia oxyspora (Tul.) Nyl., Lecidea oxyspora (Tul.) Nyl., Lecidea oxyspora var. oxyspora (Tul.) Nyl., Nesolechia fusca (Triebel & Rambold) Pérez-Ortega, Nesolechia oxyspora (Tul.) A. Massal., Nesolechia oxyspora var. fusca (Triebel & Rambold) Diederich, Phacopsis fusca (Triebel & Rambold) Diederich, Phacopsis oxyspora var. fusca Triebel & Rambold, Phacopsis oxyspora var. oxyspora (Tul.) Triebel & Rambold, Punctelia oxyspora (Tul.) Divakar, A. Crespo & Lumbsch, Scutula oxyspora (Tul.) P. Karst.]
source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Calicium curtisii Tuck., Mycocalicium curtisii (Tuck.) A. Schneid., Phacotium curtisii (Tuck.) Trevis.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Calicium polyporaeum Nyl., Mycocalicium polyporaeum (Nyl.) Vain.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4249 [NCU], LaGreca, Scott, A.... 2860 [DUKE]
[Chiographa Leight., Ectographis Trevis., Gymnographa Müll. Arg., Gymnographomyces Cif. & Tomas., Hymenodecton Leight., Leiogramma Eschw., Phaeographidomyces Cif. & Tomas., Platygramma G. Mey., Pyrochroa Eschw., Pyrographa Fée ex A. Massal., Theloschisma Trevis., Ustalia Fr.]
[Phaeographina atromaculata A.W. Archer, Phaeographis illitoraticola Lendemer, R.C. Harris & Yahr nom. inval., Phaeographis kalbii Staiger]
maritime forest; shady; substrate: Carpinus carolinianus snag; Perlmutter, Gary B. 674 [NCU], Lendemer, James, Colin... 1622 [DUKE]
[Creographa brasiliensis A. Massal., Graphis subtigrina Vain., Graphis tigrinella f. subtigrina (Vain.) Vain., Phaeographina brasiliensis (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Phaeographis subtigrina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Sarcographa tricosa f. subtigrina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Ustalia brasiliensis (A. Massal.) Stizenb.]
Blue Ridge, Coastal Plain, Reported as Ph. subtigrina, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Arthonia sinensigrapha Fée, Graphis dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. obtusa Leight., Graphis dendritica var. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica var. obtusa Mudd, Graphis sinensigrapha (Fée) A. Massal., Hymenodecton dendriticum (Ach.) Leight., Opegrapha dendritica Ach., Phaeographis dendritica var. obtusa (Leight.) Müll. Arg., Phaeographis dendritica var. sinensigrapha (Fée) Zahlbr., Platygramma dendritica (Ach.) G. Mey., Platygramma dendriticum (Ach.) G. Mey.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Graphis lobata (Eschw.) Reinke, Lecanactis lobata Eschw., Leiogramma lobatum (Eschw.) Eschw., Pachnolepia lobata (Eschw.) Körb.]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: fallen branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 740 [NCU]
[Graphis punctiformis (Eschw.) Nyl., Leiogramma punctiforme Eschw.]
[Lichen ciliatus Hoffm., Physcia ciliata (Hoffm.) Du Rietz, Physcia ciliata f. chloantha (Ach.) Nádv., Physcia ciliata f. ciliata (Hoffm.) Du Rietz, Physcia ciliata f. delicatula J.W. Thomson, Physcia ciliata f. erythrocardia (Tuck.) J.W. Thomson, Physcia ciliata f. fibrillosa J.W. Thomson, Physcia ciliata f. squamulosa J.W. Thomson, Physcia ciliata var. ciliata (Hoffm.) Du Rietz, Physcia ciliata var. endophoenicea (Harm.) Zahlbr., Physcia obscura f. ciliata (Hoffm.) Lynge, Physcia obscura f. elongata (Räsänen) Zahlbr., Physcia obscura f. erigens Vain., Physcia obscura f. gibbosa Räsänen, Physcia obscura f. lithotodes Vain., Physcia obscura f. pruinosa Vain., Physcia obscura f. saxicola Vain., Physcia obscura var. adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., Physcia obscura var. chloantha Rabenh., Physcia obscura var. combinata Kremp., Physcia obscura var. cycloselioides Vain., Physcia obscura var. erythrocardia Tuck., Physcia obscura var. glaucovirens Zahlbr., Physcia obscura var. muscicola Schaer., Physcia obscura var. recurva Vain., Physcia obscura var. sorediifera Nyl.]
floodplain forest; partly sunny; Substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1829 [NCU], James C. Lendemer 8346 [PH]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Phaeophyscia cernohorskyi (Nádv.) Essl., Physcia cernohorskyi Nádv., Physcia cernohorskyi var. cernohorskyi Nádv., Physcia hirsuta Mereschk., Physcia hirsuta var. hirsuta Mereschk., Physcia labrata Mereschk., Physcia labrata f. labrata Mereschk., Physcia labrata var. labrata Mereschk., Physcia strigosa Poelt & Buschardt]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Dimelaena setosa (Ach.) Trevis., Parmelia hispidula Ach., Parmelia setosa Ach., Phaeophyscia hispidula subsp. hispidula (Ach.) Essl., Phaeophyscia hispidula var. hispidula (Ach.) Essl., Physcia hispidula (Ach.) Frey, Physcia hispidula subsp. exornatula (Zahlbr.) Poelt, Physcia hispidula subsp. hispidula (Ach.) Frey, Physcia hispidula subsp. primaria Poelt, Physcia setosa (f. virella) B. de Lesd., Physcia setosa f. deminuta Cromb., Physcia setosa f. setosa (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia setosa f. sulphurascens Zahlbr., Physcia setosa f. virella B. de Lesd., Physcia setosa var. albociliata B. de Lesd., Physcia setosa var. exornatula Zahlbr., Physcia setosa var. setosa (Ach.) Nyl.]
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements; partly shaded; Substrate: mafic rock outcrop near creek; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4149 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2871 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1691 [NCU]
[Physcia insignis Mereschk., Physcia ticinensis (Mereschk.) Frey]
Piedmont, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Anaptychia obscura (Ehrh.) A. Massal., Anaptychia obscura var. cycloselis (Ach.) A. Massal., Anaptychia obscura var. obscura (Ehrh.) A. Massal., Borrera obscura (Ehrh.) Mudd, Borrera obscura var. obscura (Ehrh.) Mudd, Borrera obscura var. virella (Ach.) Mudd, Dimelaena obscura (Ehrh.) Norman, Hagenia obscura (Ehrh.) De Not., Imbricaria cycloselis (Ach.) DC., Imbricaria obscura (Ehrh.) Kickx, Lecanora virella (Ach.) Ach., Lichen cycloselis Ach., Lichen orbicularis Neck., Lichen virellus Ach., Lobaria obscura (Ehrh.) Gaertn., G. Mey. & Scherb., Lobaria orbicularis (Baumg.) Hoffm., Parmelia cycloselis (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia cycloselis var. cycloselis (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia obscura (Ehrh.) Fr., Parmelia obscura f. cycloselis (Ach.) Körb., Parmelia obscura f. obscura (Ehrh.) Fr., Parmelia obscura f. orbicularis (Baumg.) Arnold, Parmelia obscura f. pseudoplatani Britzelm., Parmelia obscura var. muscicola Schaer., Parmelia obscura var. obscura (Ehrh.) Fr., Parmelia obscura var. saxicola A. Massal., Parmelia virella (Ach.) Ach., Phaeophyscia orbicularis f. virella (Ach.) J. Nowak, Phaeophyscia orbicularis var. hueana (Harm.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Physcia cycloselis (Ach.) Vain. ex Räsänen, Physcia cycloselis f. cycloselis (Ach.) Vain., Physcia cycloselis f. elongata Räsänen, Physcia cycloselis f. sorediifera (Nyl.) Räsänen, Physcia cycloselis var. cycloselis (Ach.) Vain. ex Räsänen, Physcia hueana (Harm.) Klem., Physcia obscura Nyl., Physcia obscura f. hueana Harm., Physcia obscura f. obscura (Ehrh.) Fürnr., Physcia obscura var. cycloselis (Ach.) J.J. Kickx, Physcia obscura var. obscura (Ehrh.) Fürnr., Physcia obscura var. virella (Ach.) Leight., Physcia orbicularis (Necker) Poetsch, Physcia orbicularis f. albida B. de Lesd., Physcia orbicularis f. albociliata (B. de Lesd.) J.W. Thomson, Physcia orbicularis f. bicolor (Britzelm.) Grummann, Physcia orbicularis f. calcicola Nádv., Physcia orbicularis f. cycloselis (Ach.) Szatala, Physcia orbicularis f. elongata (Räsänen) Räsänen, Physcia orbicularis f. insignis (Mereschk.) Frey, Physcia orbicularis f. intermedia Schade, Physcia orbicularis f. orbicularis (Baumg.) Poetsch, Physcia orbicularis f. pallida Räsänen, Physcia orbicularis f. pseudoplatani (Britzelm.) Sántha, Physcia orbicularis f. tristis Räsänen, Physcia orbicularis f. virella (Ach.) Schade, Physcia orbicularis var. ciliata, Physcia orbicularis var. hueana (Harm.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Physcia orbicularis var. labrata (Mereschk.) B. de Lesd., Physcia orbicularis var. orbicularis (Baumg.) Poetsch, Physcia orbicularis var. sorediifera (Nyl.) Räsänen, Physcia orbicularis var. transatlantica Räsänen, Physcia orbicularis var. virella (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Physcia ulothrix var. virella (Ach.) Cromb., Physcia virella (Ach.) Flagey, Physcia virella f. pallidior Mereschk., Physcia virella f. tenuisecta Mereschk., Physcia virella f. ticinensis Mereschk., Physcia virella f. virella (Ach.) Flagey, Physcia virella var. gracilis Mereschk., Physcia virella var. hueana (Harm.) Lindau, Physcia virella var. virella (Ach.) Flagey, Placodium orbiculare (Baumg.) Hoffm., Psora orbicularis Baumg., Rinodina virella (Ach.) Körb., Squamaria obscura (Ehrh.) Beltr., Xanthoria obscura (Ehrh.) Horw., Xanthoria ulothrix var. virella (Ach.) Horw.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Abrothallus moorei Linds., Bachmanniomyces punctum (A. Massal.) Diederich & Pino-Bodas, Lecidea cetrariicola Linds., Lecidea cladoniaria Nyl., Lecidea punctum (A. Massal.) Jatta, Nesolechia cetrariicola (Linds.) Arnold, Nesolechia cladoniaria (Nyl.) Zopf, Nesolechia punctum A. Massal.]
source: Diederich, P. 2003. New species and new records of American lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 16: 41-90.
[Lichenostigma fellhanerae (R. C. Harris & Lendemer) Ertz & Diederich]
Blue Ridge, Holotype (NY) from Haywood County; lichenicolous fungus on Fellhanera, source: Harris, R.C. and J.C. Lendemer. 2009. The Felhanera silicis group in eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 6: 157-174
[Abrothallus usneae auct. non Rabenh., Lichenostigma maureri Hafellner]
Blue Ridge, source: Diederich, P. 2003. New species and new records of American lichenicolous fungi. Herzogia 16: 41-90.; R. C. Harris 56140-12 [NY], Cole, M. 7660 [MIN]
[Lecidea argena (Ach.) Ach., Lepraria argena Ach., Lichen argenus (Ach.) Sm. & Sowerby, Parmelia argena (Ach.) Spreng., Pertusaria reducta Stirt., Pertusaria reducta var. hossei Räsänen, Pertusaria reducta var. reducta Stirt., Phlyctis argena f. erythrosora (Erichsen) Almb., Phlyctis erythrosora Erichsen, Thelotrema argenum (Ach.) Hepp, Urceolaria argena (Ach.) Balb., Variolaria argena (Ach.) Turner]
Blue Ridge, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Phlyctidia boliviensis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg. nom inval., Phlyctidia ludoviciensis Müll.Arg., Phlyctis boliviensis Nyl.]
[Collema demangeonii Moug. & Mont., Thyrea demangeonii (Moug. & Mont.) Fink]
Blue Ridge, source: Yoshimura, I. & A.J. Sharp. 1969. Some lichens of the southern Appalachians and Mexico. The Bryologist 71(2): 108 - 113.
[Biatora corallina (Eschw.) Hook. & Taylor, Lecidea corallina Eschw., Phyllopsora corallina var. subglaucella G.K. Mishra, Upreti & Nayaka, Phyllopsora parvifolia var. corallina (Tuck.) G. Merr., Psora corallina (Eschw.) Müll. Arg.]
floodplain forest; shaded; Substrate: Morus rubra trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1832 [NCU]
[Biatora parvifolia (Pers.) Mont., Lecidea parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. subgranulosa Tuck., Lecidea parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll. Arg.) Shirley, Lecidea parvifolia var. parvifolia Pers., Phyllopsora parvifolia f. parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. fibrillifera Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. parvifolia (Pers.) Müll Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. subgranulosa (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Psora parvifolia (Pers.) A. Massal., Psora parvifolia var. granulosa Müll.Arg., Zeora parvifolia (Pers.) C. Müll.]
maritime forest; shady; substrate: Carpinus carolinianus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 666 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 2936 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1265 [NCU]
[Biatora parvifolia (Pers.) Mont., Lecidea parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. parvifolia Pers., Lecidea parvifolia f. subgranulosa Tuck., Lecidea parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll. Arg.) Shirley, Lecidea parvifolia var. parvifolia Pers., Phyllopsora parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia f. parvifolia (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. fibrillifera Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. granulosa (Müll.Arg.) Müll.Arg., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. subgranulosa (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Psora parvifolia (Pers.) A. Massal., Psora parvifolia var. granulosa Müll.Arg., Zeora parvifolia (Pers.) C. Müll.]
mixed mesic forest; partly shady; Substrate: rotting log; Perlmutter, Gary B. 443 [NCU]
[Parmelia anthelina Ach., Parmelia stellaris var. adscendens Fr., Physcia aipolia f. anthelina (Ach.) Vain., Physcia ascendens Bitter, Physcia stellaris var. adscendens (Fr.) Rabenh.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Imbricaria aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) DC., Lichen aipolius Ehrh. ex Humb., Lobaria aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Hoffm., Parmelia aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Ach., Parmelia aipolia var. aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Ach., Parmelia aipolia var. cercidia Ach., Parmelia stellaris var. aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Fr., Physcia aipolia var. cercidia (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia stellaris var. aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Tuck., Physcia stellaris var. cercidia (Ach.) Th. Fr., Squamaria aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Frege, Xanthoria aipolia (Ehrh.) Horw., Xanthoria aipolia var. aipolia (Ehrh.) Horw., Xanthoria aipolia var. anthelina (Ach.) Horw., Xanthoria aipolia var. cercidia (Ach.) Horw.]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; shaded; Substrate: Juniperus virginiana trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 105 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1386 [NCU], Culberson, William, L. 8038 [DUKE]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
Mixed Mesic Hardwood Forest with alluvial elements over floodplain; shaded; Substrate: Carpinus carolinianus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1706 [NCU]
[Parmelia phaea Tuck.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.; Heiman, Karin BLU-61 [DUKE]
[Physcia integrata f. sorediosa (Vain.) Müll. Arg., Physcia integrata var. sorediosa Vain.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Anaptychia stellaris (L.) A. Massal., Borrera stellaris (L.) Mudd, Dimelaena stellaris (L.) Norman, Geissodea stellaris (L.) J. St.-Hil., Hagenia stellaris (L.) De Not., Imbricaria stellaris (L.) DC., Lichen stellaris L., Lobaria stellaris (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia stellaris (L.) Ach., Parmelia stellaris var. pseudoincisa Th. Fr., Parmelia stellaris var. radiata Ach., Parmelia stellaris var. rosulata Ach., Parmelia stellaris var. stellaris (L.) Ach., Physcia retrogressa Stirt., Physcia stellaris f. rosulata (Ach.) Nyl., Squamaria stellaris (L.) Frege, Xanthoria stellaris (L.) Horw., Xanthoria stellaris var. leptalea (Ach.) Horw., Xanthoria stellaris var. stellaris (L.) Horw., Xanthoria stellaris var. subobscura (Nyl.) Horw.]
[Borrera caesia (Hoffm.) Mudd, Dimelaena caesia (Hoffm.) Norman, Hagenia caesia (Hoffm.) Bagl. & Carestia, Imbricaria caesia (Hoffm.) DC., Lichen caesius Hoffm., Lobaria caesia (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Parmelia caesia (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia caesia subsp. caesia (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia caesia subsp. dubia (Hoffm.) Röhl., Parmelia caesia var. caesia (Hoffm.) Ach., Physcia caesia (Hoffm.) Furnr., Physcia caesia var. caesiella (B. de Lesd.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Physcia caesiella (B. de Lesd.) Suza, Physcia caesiella f. albida Nádv., Physcia caesiella f. caesiella (B. de Lesd.) Suza, Physcia caesiella f. dendritica (Anders) Nádv., Physcia tribacioides var. caesiella B. de Lesd., Physcia wainioi Räsänen, Placodium caesium (Hoffm.) Frege, Psora caesia (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Squamaria caesia (Hoffm.) Hook., Xanthoria caesia (Hoffm.) Horw., Xanthoria caesia f. caesia (Hoffm.) Horw.]
Blue Ridge, reported as P. wainioi, source: Perry, JD/ Moore, BJ 1969: Preliminary check list of foliose and fruticose lichens in Buncombe County, North Carolina. - Castanea 34: 146-157.
[Borrera caesia var. tribacia (Ach.) Mudd, Dimelaena tribacia (Ach.) Trevis., Lecanora tribacia Ach., Parmelia caesia var. tribacia (Ach.) Torss., Parmelia erosa Borrer nom. illegit., Parmelia stellaris var. tribacia (Ach.) Torss., Parmelia tribacia (Ach.) Sommerf., Parmelia tribacia var. tribacia (Ach.) Sommerf., Physcia albinea var. tribacia (Ach.) Malbr., Physcia caesia f. tribacia (Ach.) H. Olivier, Physcia caesia var. tribacia (Ach.) Tuck., Physcia cernohorskyi var. erosa Nádv., Physcia erosa Zwackh, Physcia stellaris f. tribacia (Ach.) P. Syd., Physcia stellaris subsp. tribacia (Ach.) Vain., Physcia stellaris var. tribacia (Ach.) Tuck., Physcia tribacia var. tenuis Müll.Arg., Psoroma tribacium (Ach.) Gray, Squamaria tribacia (Ach.) Hook., Xanthoria erosa (Borrer) Horw., Xanthoria tribacia (Ach.) Horw.]
Blue Ridge, source: Oosting, H.J. & L.E. Anderson. 1937. The vegetation of a barefaced cliff in western North Carolina. Ecology 18: 280 - 292.; James C. Lendemer 8409 [PH]
[Parmelia chloantha Ach., Parmelia obscura f. chloantha (Ach.) Flot., Phaeophyscia chloantha (Ach.) Moberg, Physcia chloantha (Ach.) Vain. ex van der Byl, Physcia chloantha var. chloantha (Ach.) Vain., Physcia luganensis Merezhko]
[Physcia detersa (Nyl.) Nyl., Physcia pulverulenta var. detersa Nyl.]
[Parmelia cycloselis var. lithotea Ach., Parmelia subdetersa (Nyl.) Kernst., Physcia cycloselis var. lithotea (Ach.) Ach., Physcia enteroxantha Nyl., Physcia enteroxanthella (Harm.) H. Olivier, Physcia grisea f. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Erichsen, Physcia grisea var. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Servít, Physcia leucoleiptes f. enteroxanthella (Harm.) Mereschk., Physcia obscura var. lithotea (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia pityrea var. enteroxanthella Harm., Physcia subdetersa Nyl., Xanthoria subdetersa (Nyl.) Horw.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Parmelia pulverulenta var. leucoleiptes Tuck., Physcia leucoleiptes (Tuck.) Lettau]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Biatorella conspersa (Fée) Vain., Biatorella conspersa f. conspersa (Fée) Vain., Heterothecium conspersum (Fée) Flot., Lecidea conspersa Fée]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118-136
[Biatorella nannaria (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Heterothecium nannarium Tuck.]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2615 [NCU]
[Catapyrenium tuckermanii (Rav. ex Mont.) J.W. Thomson, Dermatocarpon tuckermanii (Ravenel ex Mont.) Zahlbr., Endocarpon arboreum Schwein. ex E. Michener, Endocarpon tuckermanii Ravenel ex Mont., Endopyrenium tuckermanii (Ravenel ex Mont.) Zahlbr., Placidium tuckermanii (Rav. ex Mont.) Breuss]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont; Schallert, Paul O. s.n. [NCU]
[Catapyrenium lachneum (Ach.) R. Sant., Catapyrenium lachneum subsp. lachneum (Ach.) R. Sant., Catapyrenium lachneum var. lachneum (Ach.) R. Sant., Dermatocarpon hepaticum var. lachneum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Dermatocarpon lachneum (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Dermatocarpon lachneum f. lachneum (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Dermatocarpon lachneum var. lachneum (Ach.) A.L. Sm., Dermatocarpon lachneum var. rufopallens (Nyl.) Servít, Endocarpon lachneum (Ach.) Ach., Endopyrenium lachneum (Ach.) Hav., Lichen lachneus Ach.]
[Catapyrenium michelii (A. Massal.) R. Sant., Dermatocarpon michelii (A. Massal.) Zwackh, Endocarpon michelii (A. Massal.) Bausch, Endopyrenium michelii (A. Massal.) Körb.]
[Catapyrenium fuscellum (Turner) Beltr., Endocarpon fuscellum (Turner) Ach., Endocarpon fuscellum var. fuscellum (Turner) Ach., Endopyrenium fuscellum (Turner) Boistel, Lichen fuscellus Turner, Lithoicea fuscella (Turner) A. Massal., Trichothecium fuscellum (Turner) Flot., Verrucaria fuscella (Turner) Winch, Verrucaria fuscella f. fuscella (Turner) Winch, Verrucaria fuscella var. fuscella (Turner) Winch, Verrucaria viridula var. glaucina, Verrucula fuscella (Turner) J. Steiner]
[Biatora dasaea (Stirt.) Walt. Watson, Lecidea dasaea Stirt., Saccomorpha dasaea (Stirt.) Khodos.]
[Biatora fuliginea (Ach.) Fr., Biatora fuliginea var. fuliginea (Ach.) Fr., Biatora uliginosa var. fuliginea (Ach.) Fr., Epinyctis fuliginea (Ach.) Wallr., Lecidea fuliginea Ach., Lecidea fuliginea f. fuliginea Ach., Lecidea fuliginea f. saxicola Harm., Lecidea fuliginea var. fuliginea Ach., Lecidea fuliginea var. fuscovirens Vain., Lecidea icmalea Ach., Lecidea uliginosa var. fuliginea (Ach.) Link, Pannularia perfurfurea Nyl., Parmeliella corallinoides f. perfurfurea (Nyl.) Gyeln., Parmeliella perfurfurea (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Patellaria fuliginea (Ach.) Spreng., Placynthiella perfurfurea (Nyl.) Gyeln., Saccomorpha icmalea (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. & J.C. Lendemer. 2008. Contributions to the lichen biota of North Carolina: A preliminary checklist of the lichens and allied fungi at William B. Umstead State Park. Opuscula Philolichenum 5: 67-76.; James C. Lendemer 8046 [PH]
[Biatora humosa (Hoffm.) Arnold, Biatora humosa f. fuliginea (Ach.) Räsänen, Biatora humosa f. fuscovirens (Vain.) Räsänen, Biatora humosa f. humosa (Hoffm.) Arnold, Biatora humosa f. insequens (Nyl.) Räsänen, Biatora uliginosa (Schrad.) Fr., Biatora uliginosa f. uliginosa (Schrad.) Fr., Biatora uliginosa var. chthonoblastes (A. Braun) Oxner, Biatora uliginosa var. chtonoblastes (A. Braun) Oxner, Biatora uliginosa var. trachylina (Nyl.) M. Choisy, Biatora uliginosa var. uliginosa (Schrad.) Fr., Lecidea humosa (Hoffm.) Leight., Lecidea humosa f. confluens (Schaer.) Erichsen, Lecidea humosa f. humosa (Hoffm.) Röhl., Lecidea humosa f. saxicola (Harm.) Grummann, Lecidea humosa var. chthonoblastes (A. Braun) Erichsen, Lecidea humosa var. humosa (Hoffm.) Röhl., Lecidea humosa var. ochracea (Erichsen) Erichsen, Lecidea uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., Lecidea uliginosa f. confluens Schaer., Lecidea uliginosa f. separabilis Hedl., Lecidea uliginosa f. uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., Lecidea uliginosa var. chthonoblastes (A. Braun) Erichsen, Lecidea uliginosa var. fuscovirens (Vain.) Zahlbr., Lecidea uliginosa var. ochracea Erichsen, Lecidea uliginosa var. trachylina (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecidea uliginosa var. uliginosa (Schrad.) Ach., Lichen uliginosus Schrad., Patellaria humosa (Hoffm.) Wallr., Patellaria uliginosa (Schrad.) DC., Saccomorpha uliginosa (Schrad.) Hafellner, Spiloma humosum (Hoffm.) Ach., Verrucaria humosa Hoffm., Verrucaria uliginosa (Schrad.) Hoffm.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Anziella adglutinata (Anzi) Gyeln., Lecothecium adglutinatum Anzi, Pannaria flabellosa Tuck., Placynthium adglutinatum (Anzi) Trevis., Pterygium adglutinatum (Anzi) Nyl.]
[Biatora corallinoides var. fuscum Hepp, Biatora fuliginosa var. psotina Fr., Collema nigrum (Huds.) Hoffm., Collema trachyopum Taylor, Lecidea microphylla var. corallinoides Schaer., Lecidea nigra (Huds.) Ach., Lecothecium nigrum (Huds.) A. Massal., Lecothecium nigrum f. fuscum (Hepp) Mudd, Lecothecium nigrum f. nigrum (Huds.) A. Massal., Lichen niger Huds., Pannaria nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannaria nigra subsp. nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannaria nigra subsp. psotina (Nyl.) Cromb., Pannaria nigra subsp. triseptata (Nyl.) Nyl. ex Cromb., Pannaria nigra var. caespititia Wedd., Pannaria nigra var. nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannaria nigra var. psotina Nyl., Pannaria nigra var. triseptata Nyl., Pannaria psotina (Nyl.) Leight., Pannaria triseptata (Nyl.) A. Rich., Pannularia nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannularia nigra f. densata Harm., Pannularia nigra f. nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannularia nigra subsp. nigra (Huds.) Nyl., Pannularia nigra subsp. psotina (Nyl.) Cromb., Pannularia psotina (Nyl.) Nyl., Pannularia triseptata (Nyl.) Cromb., Parmelia nigra (Huds.) Mart., Parmeliella nigra (Huds.) Müll. Arg., Patellaria nigra (Huds.) Spreng., Placynthium dolichoterum f. triseptatum (Nyl.) Gyeln., Placynthium nigrum f. agglomeratum Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum f. caespiticium (Wedd.) Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum f. corallinodes (Schaer.) Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum f. crustaceum (Hepp) Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum f. nigrum (Huds.) Gray, Placynthium nigrum f. psotinum (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum f. triseptatum (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Placynthium nigrum var. crustaceum Hepp, Placynthium nigrum var. fuscum (Hepp) Trevis., Placynthium nigrum var. nigrum (Huds.) Gray, Placynthium nigrum var. psotina (Nyl.) Trevis., Placynthium nigrum var. triseptatum (Nyl.) Hue, Placynthium psotinum (Nyl.) Harm., Placynthium tremniacum f. fuscum (Hepp) Gyeln., Placynthium triseptatum (Nyl.) Vain., Psora nigra (Huds.) L. Marchand]
[Cetraria commixta f. tenuisecta Th. Fr., Cetraria fallax (Weber) Anders, Cetraria glauca (L.) Ach., Cetraria glauca f. ampullacea (L.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Cetraria glauca f. coralloidea Körb., Cetraria glauca f. divaricata Rass., Cetraria glauca f. episorediosa Gyeln., Cetraria glauca f. excoralloidea Rass., Cetraria glauca f. fallax (Weber) Stein, Cetraria glauca f. fusca Flot., Cetraria glauca f. glauca (L.) Ach., Cetraria glauca f. laceratoides Gyeln., Cetraria glauca f. melanoplaca (Wallr.) Maas Geest., Cetraria glauca f. reticulata Rass., Cetraria glauca f. sorediosa (Leight.) Anders, Cetraria glauca f. ulophylla (Wallr.) Körb., Cetraria glauca var. chilensis Räsänen, Cetraria glauca var. fallax (Weber) Rass., Cetraria glauca var. glauca (L.) Ach., Cetraria glauca var. stenophylla Tuck., Cetraria glauca var. tenuisecta (Th. Fr.) A.L. Sm., Lichen fallax Weber, Lichen glaucus L., Lobaria fallax (Weber) Hoffm., Lobaria glauca (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia glauca (L.) Hepp, Parmelia glauca f. glauca (L.) Hepp, Parmelia glauca f. ulophylla Wallr., Parmelia glauca var. glauca (L.) Hepp, Parmelia glauca var. melanoplaca Wallr., Physcia fallax (Weber) DC., Physcia glauca (L.) DC., Platismatia glauca f. fallax (Weber) Oxner & S.Y. Kondr., Platismatia glauca f. fusca (Flot.) Oxner & S.Y. Kondr., Platismatia glauca f. ulophylla (Wallr.) Oxner & S.Y. Kondr., Platysma fallax (Weber) Hoffm., Platysma glaucum (L.) Frege, Platysma glaucum f. coralloideum (Wallr.) Leight., Platysma glaucum f. glaucum (L.) Frege, Platysma glaucum var. fallax (Weber) Nyl., Platysma glaucum var. glaucum (L.) Frege]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Cetraria atlantica (Tuck.) Du Rietz, Cetraria lacunosa var. atlantica Tuck., Cetraria tuckermanii Oakes, Cetraria tuckermanii var. sorediata (Degel.) Räsänen, Cetraria tuckermanii var. tuckermanii Oakes]
[Anaptychia dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica f. dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica f. esorediosa Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica f. hypoflavescens Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica f. microphyllina Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica var. colorata (Zahlbr.) Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica var. dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica var. dissecta (Kurok.) Kurok., Borrera dendritica Pers., Heterodermia dendritica (Pers.) Poelt, Heterodermia dendritica var. dendritica (Pers.) Poelt]
Blue Ridge, source: Culberson, W.L. 1966. Chemistry and taxonomy of the lichen genera Heterodermia and Anaptychia in the Carolinas. The Bryologist 69(4): 472 - 487.
[Anaptychia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. contractosorediosa Sambo, Anaptychia hypoleuca f. granulosa Kurok., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca (Muhl.) A. Massal., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. minutula Räsänen, Anaptychia hypoleuca f. rubescens Räsänen, Anaptychia hypoleuca var. fulvescens Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca (Muhl.) A. Massal., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. rottboellii Vain., Heterodermia hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Heterodermia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Heterodermia hypoleuca var. divergens Trass, Heterodermia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Parmelia hypoleuca Mühl., Parmelia hypoleuca f. coralloidea Müll.Arg., Parmelia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca Müll.Arg., Physcia hypoleuca (Mühl.) Tuck., Physcia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca Tuck., Physcia hypoleuca var. tremulans Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa var. hypoleuca (Mühl.) Nyl., Pseudophyscia hypoleuca (Mühl.) Hue]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2009. A synopsis of the lichen genus Heterodermia (Physciaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in eastern North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 6: 1-36.
[Borrera candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Kickx, Callopisma candelarium (L.) Trevis., Courtoisia candelaris (L.) L. Marchand, Diblastia candelaria (L.) Trevis., Imbricaria candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Chevall., Lecanora candelaria (L.) Ach., Lecanora candelaria var. candelaria (L.) Ach., Lepropinacia candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) A. St.-Hil., Lichen candelarius L., Lobaria candelaria (L.) Hoffm., Massjukiella candelaria (L.) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Parmelia candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Ach., Parmelia candelaria var. candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Ach., Parmelia candelaria var. lychnea Ach., Parmelia parietina f. candelaris (L.) Körb., Parmelia parietina var. lychnea (Ach.) Fr., Parmelia parietina var. pygmaea Bory, Parmocarpus pygmaeus (Fr.) Trevis., Patellaria candelaris (L.) DC., Physcia candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Anzi, Physcia candelaria var. candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Anzi, Physcia controversa var. lychnea (Ach.) Rabenh., Physcia lychnea (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia lychnea f. lychnea (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia lychnea var. lychnea (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia parietina subsp. lychnea (Ach.) Nyl., Physcia parietina var. lychnea (Ach.) A. Massal., Physcia polycarpa var. lychnea (Ach.) Vain., Placodium candelarium Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Placodium candelarium f. candelarium (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Placodium candelarium var. candelarium (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Psora candelaria (L.) Baumg., Psoroma candelarium (L.) Gray, Pyrenodesmia candelaria (Weber ex F.H. Wigg.) Trevis., Squamaria candelaria (L.) Howitt, Squamaria candelaria var. candelaria (L.) Howitt, Teloschistes candelarius (L.) Fink, Teloschistes candelarius var. candelarius (L.) Fink, Teloschistes candelarius var. pygmaeus (Bory) Fink, Teloschistes controversus var. lychneus (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Teloschistes lychneus (Ach.) Tuck., Teloschistes parietinus var. lychneus (Ach.) F. Wilson, Xanthoria candelaria (L.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria candelaria f. candelaria (L.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria candelaria var. candelaria (L.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria controversa var. lychnea (Ach.) Rabenh., Xanthoria lychnea (Ach.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria lychnea f. lychnea (Ach.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria lychnea var. lychnea (Ach.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria lychnea var. pygmaea (Borrer) Th. Fr., Xanthoria nowakii S.Y. Kondr. & Bielczyk]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Lecanora candelaria var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lichen polycarpus (Hoffm.) Ehrh., Lobaria polycarpa Hoffm., Massjukiella polycarpa (Hoffm.) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Physcia parietina var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) A. Massal., Physcia parietina var. ramulosa Tuck., Physcia polycarpa (Hoffm.) Linds., Physcia polycarpa f. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Linds., Physcia polycarpa var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Linds., Psoroma polycarpum (Hoffm.) Gray, Squamaria candelaria var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Hook., Teloschistes polycarpus (Ehrh.) Tuck., Teloschistes ramulosus Tuck., Xanthoria alaskana J.W. Thomson, Xanthoria lychnea var. polycarpa (Ehrh.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber, Xanthoria polycarpa f. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber, Xanthoria polycarpa var. maritima I.M. Lamb, Xanthoria polycarpa var. polycarpa (Hoffm.) Rieber, Xanthoria ramulosa (Tuck.) Herre]
Blue Ridge, source: Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. The Bryologist 81(1): 1 - 93.
[Anthracothecium anoistum (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Campylothelium album Müll.Arg., Campylothelium anoistum (Stirt.) Patw. & Makhija, Campylothelium nitidum Müll.Arg., Campylothelium proponens (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Dictyomeridium proponens (Nyl.) Aptroot, M. P. Nelsen & Lücking, Polyblastia proponens (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Polyblastiopsis proponens (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Verrucaria anoista Stirt., Verrucaria proponens Nyl.]
Mafic glade w/ rock outcrops on steep S-facing slope; shaded; Substrate: Liquidambar styraciflua sapling; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1372 [NCU]
[Acarospora cervina var. privigna (Ach.) Mudd, Acarospora cervina var. simplex (Taylor) Mudd, Acarospora privigna (Ach.) Gotth. Schneid., Acarospora simplex (Taylor) Jatta nom. illegit., Acarospora simplex var. decipiens (A. Massal.) Jatta, Biatora privigna (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Biatorella privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella privigna f. privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella privigna var. privigna (Ach.) Sandst., Biatorella pruinosa var. decipiens Th. Fr. nom. illegit., Biatorella revertens (Tuck.) Herre, Biatorella simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex f. complicata (Cromb.) Sandst., Biatorella simplex f. goniophila (Flörke) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex f. incrassata (Arnold) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex f. simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex var. angusta (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. calcifraga (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. chlorocinella (Wedd.) H. Olivier, Biatorella simplex var. crustosa (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. herpes Norman, Biatorella simplex var. hymenogonia (Zahlbr.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. incrassata (Arnold) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. major (H. Magn.) Zahlbr., Biatorella simplex var. simplex (Davies) Branth & Rostr., Biatorella simplex var. strepsodina (Ach.) H. Olivier, Lecanora privigna (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora privigna var. privigna (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora privigna var. revertens Tuck. [synonymy unresolved], Lecanora simplex (Taylor) Nyl., Lecanora simplex f. complicata Cromb., Lecanora simplex f. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Lecidea privigna Ach., Lecidea simplex Taylor, Lecidea simplex var. calcifraga Müll.Arg., Lecidea simplex var. chlorocinella Wedd., Lecidea simplex var. simplex (Davies) Taylor, Polysporina simplex f. simplex (Davies) Vezda, Polysporina simplex var. crustosa (H. Magn.) N.S. Golubk., Polysporina simplex var. simplex (Davies) Vezda, Psora privigna (Ach.) Flot., Rinodina privigna (Ach.) Gray, Sarcogyne privigna (Ach.) A. Massal., Sarcogyne privigna f. privigna (Ach.) A. Massal., Sarcogyne simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex f. complicata (Cromb.) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex f. goniophila Flörke, Sarcogyne simplex f. incrassata Arnold, Sarcogyne simplex f. lignicola B. de Lesd. ex Meyl., Sarcogyne simplex f. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex subsp. incrassata (Arnold) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex subsp. simplex (Davies) Nyl., Sarcogyne simplex var. angusta H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. crustosa H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. hymenogonia (Zahlbr.) H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. major H. Magn., Sarcogyne simplex var. simplex (Davies) Nyl.]
[Acarospora subfuscescens (Nyl.) H. Magn., Acarospora subfuscescens var. subfuscescens (Nyl.) H. Magn., Biatorella subfuscescens (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecanora subfuscescens Nyl., Sarcogyne subfuscescens (Nyl.) Boistel]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2267-a [NCU]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; J. C. Lendemer 8068 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 890 [NCU]
[Huilia albocaerulescens var. albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Hertel, Huilia albocaerulescens var. polycarpiza (Vain.) Hertel, Lecidea albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Ach., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Ach., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. albuginosa (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. lividoatra (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. phacenterodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. phaeenterodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea albocaerulescens f. prolificans Vain., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Ach., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. alpina Schaer., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. soralifera Vain., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. soredizodes (Anzi) Zahlbr., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. subacrustacea Desm., Lecidea albocaerulescens var. vulgaris Schaer., Lecidea hebescens Nyl., Lecidea pruinosa Ach. 1803,]
[Huilia albocaerulescens (Wulfen) Hertel, Myriosperma pruinosa (Ach.) Nägeli]
[Haplocarpon cinereoatrum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Haplocarpon musivum (Körb.) Vězda, Haplocarpon musivum var. musivum (Körb.) Vězda, Haplocarpon musivum var. subsquamescens Vězda, Huilia cinereoatra (Ach.) Hertel, Huilia musiva (Körb.) Vězda, Huilia musiva var. musiva (Körb.) Vězda, Huilia musiva var. subsquamescens (Vězda) Vězda, Lecidea cinereoatra Ach., Lecidea cinereoatra f. cinereoatra Ach., Lecidea cinereoatra f. extenuata (Vain.) A. Zahlbr., Lecidea cinereoatra f. placodina J. Steiner, Lecidea cinereoatra f. subinnata (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea cinereoatra var. cinereoatra Ach., Lecidea musiva Körb., Porpidia musiva (Körb.) Hertel & Knoph]
Blue Ridge, source: Gowan, S.P. 1989. The lichen genus Porpidia (Porpidiaceae) in North America. The Bryologist 92(1): 25 – 59.; LaGreca, Scott, A.... 2786 [DUKE]
[Lecidea contraponenda Arnold, Porpidia diversa (Lowe) Gowan]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.; J. C. Lendemer 29720 [NY]
[Biatora crustulata (Ach.) Hepp, Haplocarpon crustulatum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Haplocarpon meiosporum (Nyl.) M. Choisy, Huilia crustulata (Ach.) Hertel, Lecidea crustulata (Ach.) Spreng., Lecidea crustulata f. athallina O. Behr, Lecidea crustulata f. convexella (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea crustulata f. crustulata (Ach.) Spreng., Lecidea crustulata f. fuscella Mudd, Lecidea crustulata f. itatiaiae Redinger, Lecidea crustulata f. minutissima (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea crustulata f. subminutissima (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea crustulata subsp. crustulata (Ach.) Spreng., Lecidea crustulata var. crustulata (Ach.) Spreng., Lecidea crustulata var. meiospora (Ach.) Flagey, Lecidea crustulata var. soredizodes Lamy ex Nyl., Lecidea crustulata var. viologranulata Walt. Watson, Lecidea macrocarpa subsp. crustulata (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea punctata var. crustulata (Ach.) Schaer., Lecidea scutellata Walt. Watson]
Blue Ridge, source: Gowan, S.P. 1989. The lichen genus Porpidia (Porpidiaceae) in North America. The Bryologist 92(1): 25 – 59.
[Lecidea degelii H. Magn.]
[Biatora contigua (Hoffm.) Nägeli, Haplocarpon contiguum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Haplocarpon contiguum f. contiguum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Haplocarpon contiguum f. oxydatum (Grognot) M. Choisy, Haplocarpon contiguum var. contiguum (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Huilia macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel, Huilia macrocarpa var. macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel, Lecidea contigua (Hoffm.) Fr., Lecidea contigua f. calcarea Fr., Lecidea contigua f. contigua (Hoffm.) Fr., Lecidea contigua var. contigua (Hoffm.) Fr., Lecidea contigua var. notabilis Nyl., Lecidea contigua var. platycarpa (Ach.) Fr., Lecidea macrocarpa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea macrocarpa f. macrocarpa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea macrocarpa f. oxydata (Körb.) Vain., Lecidea macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea macrocarpa var. macrocarpa (DC.) Steud., Lecidea macrocarpa var. steriza (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea phylliscina Nyl., Lecidea platycarpa Ach., Lecidea platycarpa f. obscura Britzelm., Lecidea platycarpa f. oxydata Körb., Lecidea platycarpa f. platycarpa Ach., Lecidea platycarpa f. trullisata Arnold, Lecidea platycarpa var. microcarpa Hepp, Lecidea platycarpa var. platycarpa Ach., Lecidea soredifera Lowe, Lecidea steriza (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea steriza f. contigua (Hoffm.) Vain., Lecidea steriza f. macrocarpa (DC.) Vain., Lecidea steriza f. oxydata (Körb.) Vain., Lecidea steriza f. steriza (Ach.) Vain., Lecidea steriza var. steriza (Ach.) Vain., Lichen contiguus (Hoffm.) Sm., Patellaria contigua (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Porpidia macrocarpa f. macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel & A.J. Schwab, Porpidia macrocarpa var. macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel & A.J. Schwab, Porpidia macrocarpa var. striata Fryday, Verrucaria contigua Hoffm.]
Reported as Lecidea platycarpa, source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. Ann Arbor, The University of Michigan Press.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1921 [NCU]
[Haplocarpon nigrocruentum (Anzi) Hertel, Huilia nigrocruenta (Anzi) Hertel, Lecidea nigrocruenta Anzi, Porpidia macrocarpa f. nigrocruenta (Anzi) Fryday]
[Haplocarpon tumidum (A. Massal.) M. Choisy, Huilia tuberculosa (Sm.) P. James, Lecidea sorediza Nyl., Lecidea sorediza f. renudata (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea sorediza f. sorediza Nyl., Lecidea sorediza var. oxydata H. Magn., Lecidea sorediza var. sorediza Nyl., Lecidea tumida A. Massal., Lecidea tumida f. glaucocaesia I.M. Lamb, Lecidea tumida f. sorediza (Nyl.) I.M. Lamb, Lecidea tumida f. tumida A. Massal., Spiloma tuberculosum Sm.]
Blue Ridge, source: Gowan, S.P. 1989. The lichen genus Porpidia (Porpidiaceae) in North America. The Bryologist 92(1): 25 – 59.
[Biatora irrubata (Ach.) Kernst., Biatora rupestris (Scop.) Fr., Biatora rupestris f. lutescens Vain. ex Hav., Biatora rupestris f. rupestris (Scop.) Fr., Biatora rupestris var. alpina Arnold, Biatora rupestris var. incrustans DC., Biatora rupestris var. rupestris (Scop.) Fr., Biatora rupestris var. sanguinea Arnold, Biatora rupestris var. terricola Anzi, Biatora viridiflavescens (Wulfen) Fr., Biatorina irrubata (Ach.) Arnold, Callopisma rupestre (Scop.) Walt. Watson, Callopisma rupestre f. rupestre (Scop.) Walt. Watson, Callopisma rupestre var. rupestre (Scop.) Walt. Watson, Caloplaca irrubata (Ach.) Kieffer, Caloplaca rupestris (Scop.) Puget, Lecanora irrubata (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora irrubata f. irrubata (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora irrubata subsp. irrubata (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora rupestris (Scop.) Nyl., Lecanora rupestris f. rupestris (Scop.) Nyl., Lecidea irrubata (Ach.) Lam., Lecidea rupestris (Scop.) Ach., Lecidea rupestris f. alpina (Arnold) Vain., Lecidea rupestris f. calva Dicks., Lecidea rupestris f. lutescens (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea rupestris f. rupestris (Scop.) Ach., Lecidea rupestris subsp. rupestris (Scop.) Ach., Lecidea rupestris subsp. terricola (Anzi) Th. Fr., Lecidea rupestris var. irrubata (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea rupestris var. rupestris (Scop.) Ach., Lecidea rupestris var. viridiflavescens (Wulfen) J. Steiner, Lecidea sabuletorum var. rupestris (Scop.) Schaer., Lecidea viridiflavescens (Wulfen) Ach., Lichen irrubatus Ach., Lichen rupestris Scop., Lichen viridiflavescens Wulfen, Patellaria irrubata (Ach.) duby, Patellaria rupestris (Scop.) DC., Placodium rupestre (Scop.) Branth & Rostr., Placodium rupestre f. rupestre (Scop.) Branth & Rostr., Placodium rupestre var. rupestre (Scop.) Branth & Rostr., Protoblastenia irrubata (Ach.) Zahlbr., Protoblastenia rupestris var. irrubata (Ach.) Szatala]
[Maronina isidiata (Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus.) Divakar, A. Crespo & Lumbsch, Neoprotoparmelia isidiata (Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus.) Garima Singh, Lumbsch & I. Schmitt]
[Gasparrinia saxicola (Pollich) Tornab., Lecanora diffracta Ach., Lecanora muralis (Schreber) Rabenh., Lecanora muralis f. muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh., Lecanora muralis subsp. dubyi (Müll. Arg.) Poelt, Lecanora muralis subsp. muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh., Lecanora muralis subsp. versicolor (Pers.) Cl. Roux, Lecanora muralis var. albomarginata (Nyl. ex Th. Fr.) Tomin, Lecanora muralis var. areolata (Leight.) J. Steiner, Lecanora muralis var. muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh., Lecanora muralis var. versicolor (Pers.) Tuck., Lecanora versicolor (Pers.) Ach., Placodium murorum var. pusillum (Trevis.) Malbr.]
[Acrorixis corrosa (Körb.) Trevis., Limboria corrosa Körb., Microglaena breadalbanensis Wheldon & A. Wilson, Microglaena corrosa (Körb.) Arnold, Microglaena corrosa var. carnea B. de Lesd., Microglaena corrosa var. corrosa (Körb.) Arnold, Polyblastia corrosa (Körb.) Arnold, Thelenella corrosa (Körb.) Vain.]
[Evernia furfuracea var. cladonia Tuck., Parmelia cladonia (Tuck.) Du Rietz]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman & S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145 - 458.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2766 [NCU]
[Chapsa dilatata (Müll. Arg.) Kalb, Ocellularia dilatata Müll.Arg., Thelotrema dilatatum (Müll.Arg.) Hale]
[Crocodia aurata (Ach.) Link, Lichen auratus (Ach.) Sm., Lobaria aurata (Ach.) Kuntze, Nephroma aurata (Ach.) Pers., Parmelia aurata (Ach.) Eschw., Parmosticta aurata (Ach.) Nyl., Sticta aurata Mont., Sticta aurata var. abortiva Schaer., Sticta aurata var. angustata Mont., Sticta aurata var. aurata Ach., Sticta aurata var. isidiascens Zahlbr., Sticta aurata var. microphylla Müll.Arg., Sticta aurata var. pallens Nyl., Sticta aurata var. pallidoglaucescens C. Knight]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Coker, William Chambers s.n. [NCU], Totten, H. R. s.n. [NCU]
[Pseudocyphellaria crocata f. citrina (Pers.) H. Magn., Sticta crocata f. citrina (Pers.) Zahlbr.]
[Pseudocyphellaria hawaiiensis H. Magn.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Parmelia endoxantha G. Merr., Parmelia flavidoglauca Vain., Parmelia uleana Müll. Arg.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; J.C. Lendemer 1047 [ASU]
[Arthopyrenia chlorotica (Ach.) H. Olivier, Bacidia luteola f. chlorotica Zahlbr., Lithoicea chlorotica Stein, Porina chlorotica (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Porina chlorotica f. chlorotica (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Porina chlorotica f. tenuifera (Nyl.) Swinscow, Porina chlorotica var. chlorotica (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Porina tenuifera (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Porinula chlorotica (Ach.) Flagey, Pyrenula chlorotica (Ach.) Trevis., Sagedia chlorotica (Ach.) A. Massal., Sagedia macularis var. chlorotica (Ach.) Körb., Sagedia persicina var. chlorotica (Ach.) Jatta, Sagedia tenuifera (Nyl.) Arnold, Segestrella chlorotica (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Segestria chlorotica (Ach.) Hellb., Segestria macularis var. chlorotica (Ach.) Zwackh, Spermatodium maculare var. chloroticum (Ach.) Trevis., Trichothelium chloroticum (Ach.) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria chlorotica Ach., Verrucaria chlorotica subsp. chlorotica Ach., Verrucaria chlorotica var. chlorotica Ach., Verrucaria margacea var. chlorotica (Ach.) Rabenh., Verrucaria tenuifera Nyl.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.; Clayton C. Newberry Newberry-50013 [BRY]
[Amphoridium koerberi (Hepp) A. Massal., Porina grandis var. lucens Taylor, Porina guentheri (Flot.) Zahlbr., Porina guentheri var. guentheri (Flot.) Zahlbr., Porina guentheri var. lucens (Taylor) Swinscow, Porina koerberi (Flot.) Lettau, Sagedia koerberi (Flot.) Körb., Sagedia koerberi f. koerberi (Flot.) Körb., Segestria koerberi (Flot.) Hellb., Spermatodium koerberi (Flot.) Trevis., Spermatodium koerberi var. guentheri (Flot.) Trevis., Trichothelium guentheri (Flotow) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria guentheri Flot., Verrucaria koerberi Hepp]
[Trichothelium isidiatum R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Porina rhaphidosperma Müll.Arg., Trichothelium rhaphidospermum (Müll. Arg.) R.C. Harris]
Blue Ridge, Coastal Plain, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Biatora lucida (Ach.) Fr., Biatora lucida var. lucida (Ach.) Fr., Biatora lucida var. theiotea (Ach.) Räsänen, Lecidea lucida Ach., Lecidea lucida f. lucida (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea lucida f. theiotea (Ach.) Zahlbr., Lecidea lucida var. lucida (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea lucida var. theiotea Ach., Lichen lucidus Ach., Patellaria lucida (Ach.) Spreng., Patellaria theiotea (Ach.) Wallr., Patellaria theiotea var. lucida (Ach.) Wallr.]
[Leucocarpia dictyospora (Orange) R. Sant., Macentina dictyospora Orange]
Coastal Plain, source: unpublished checklist provided by J.C. Lendemer (NY).
[Biatora rufonigra Tuck., Lecidea brouardii (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Lecidea rufonigra (Tuck.) Nyl., Psora rufonigra (Tuck.) A. Schneid.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4443 [NCU]
[Parmelia appalachensis Culb.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Parmelia bolliana Müll. Arg., Parmelia frondifera G. Merr.]
Blue Ridge, source: Heiman, K. 1996. Macrolichens of the Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina. Evansia 13: 47 - 57.
[Imbricaria borreri (Sm.) Körb., Lichen borreri Sm., Parmelia borreri (Sm.) Turner, Parmelia borreri f. borreri (Sm.) Turner, Parmelia borreri var. borreri (Sm.) Turner, Parmelia borreri var. pseudoborreri (Asahina) Targé & Lambinon, Parmelia pseudoborreri Asahina]
Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Parmelia graminicola B. de Lesd., Parmelia semansiana W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb.]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.; Rivas Plata, Eimy 2011-09-24 [NCU], LaGreca, Scott, A.... 2739 [DUKE]
[Parmelia duboscqii var. perreticulata Räsänen, Parmelia perreticulata (Räsänen) Hale]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Aptroot, A. 2003. A new perspective on the sorediate Punctelia (Parmeliaceae) species of North America. The Bryologist 106(2): 317-319.
[Parmelia borreri var. reddenda (Stirt.) Boistel, Parmelia reddenda Stirt.]
Blue Ridge, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Hypocenomyce praestabilis (Nyl.) Timdal, Lecidea praestabilis Nyl., Lecidea xanthococca var. praestabilis (Nyl.) Vain.]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Biatora epimarta (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Buellia epimarta (Nyl.) Malme, Cladonia heteromorpha G. Merr., Cladonia madreporiformis (With.) DC., Cladonia molariformis Hoffm., Cladonia papillaria (Ehrh.) Hoffm., Cladonia papillaria f. chthonoblastes Erichsen, Cladonia papillaria f. molariformis (Hoffm.) Schaer., Cladonia papillaria f. papillaria (Ehrh.) Hoffm., Lecidea epimarta Nyl., Lichen madreporiformis With., Lichen papillarius Ehrh., Pycnothelia madreporiformis (With.) Dufour, Pycnothelia papillaria f. molariformis (Hoffm.) Schaer., Pycnotheliomyces papillariae Cif. & Tomas.]
Blue Ridge, source: Knudson, K. & J. Kocourková. 2010. Pyrenidium aggregatum, a new species from North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 8: 71-74.
[Biatora flotowiana (Hepp) Th. Fr., Collemopsis flotowiana (Hepp) Hue, Encliopyrenia thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Trevis., Lecanora thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Hook. f., Lichen thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Sm., Montinia flotowiana (Hepp) A. Massal., Parmelia thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Spreng., Porocyphus flotowianum (Hepp) Stein, Psorotichia flotowiana (Hepp) Müll.Arg., Pyrenocarpon flotowianum (Hepp) Trevis., Pyrenocarpon thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Coppins & Aptroot, Pyrenopsis flotowiana (Hepp) Nyl., Pyrenula umbonata Ach., Sagedia thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Trevis., Segestrella thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Fr., Segestria thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) Fr., Thelochroa flotowiana (Hepp) Körb., Thrombium thelostoma (Ach. ex J. Harriman) A.L. Sm., Verrucaria flotowiana Hepp, Verrucaria thelostoma Ach. ex J. Harriman]
[Amphopsis (Nyl.) Hue, Cladopsis Nyl., Mauritzia Gyeln., Pleopyrenis Clem., Synallisopsis Nyl. ex Stizenb.]
[Pyrenopsis multispora Coppins]
source: Fink, B. 1910. Lichens of Minnesota. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, Volume 14(1): 1-270.; Perlmutter, Gary B. 4438 [NCU]
[Synalissa polycocca Nyl.]
Piedmont / Fall Line; Perlmutter, Gary B. 2177 [NCU]
Blue Ridge, source: Degelius, G.N. 1941. Contributions to the Lichen flora of North America II. The lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv för BotanikArk. Bot. 30A, Nr. 3: 1-80.
[Melanotheca achariana Fée, Melanotheca anomala (Ach.) A. Massal., Mycoporum anomalum (Ach.) Trevis., Pyrenula achariana (Fée) Vain., Pyrenula achariana var. achariana (Fée) Vain., Pyrenula achariana var. angolensis Vain., Trypethelium anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum f. anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum var. anomalum Ach., Trypethelium anomalum var. leucostomum Nyl., Trypethelium anomalum var. obscurescens (Vain.) Zahlbr.]
maritime forest; shady; substrate: fallen branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 692 [NCU]
[Polyblastia aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Trevis., Pyrenula aquila R.C. Harris, Pyrenula nitida var. aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Trevis., Verrucaria aspistea Afzel. ex Ach., Verrucaria nitida subsp. aspistea (Afzel. ex Ach.) Nyl.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Pyrenula fetivica (Krempelh.) Müll.Arg., Pyrenula sandwicensis Zahlbr., Pyrenula subcongruens Müll.Arg., Verrucaria fetivica Kremp.]
[Melanotheca concatervans (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula sexlocularis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Verrucaria concatervans Nyl., Verrucaria sexlocularis Nyl.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.; Culberson, William, L. 7973 [DUKE]
[Melanotheca connivens (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Melanotheca cruenta (Mont.) Müll.Arg., Melanotheca ornata Müll.Arg., Melanotheca rubra (C. Knight) C. Knight, Melanotheca subincruenta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula circumrubens (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Pyrenula circumrubens var. circumrubens (Nyl.) B. de Lesd., Pyrenula circumrubens var. rubrotecta (Stirt.) Shirley, Stromatothelium cruentum (Mont.) Trevis., Trypethelium cinnabarinum C. Knight ex F.M. Bailey, Trypethelium connivens Stirt., Trypethelium cruentatum Nyl., Trypethelium cruentum Mont., Trypethelium cruentum var. subdecolor Nyl., Trypethelium rubescens C. Knight, Trypethelium rubrum C. Knight, Trypethelium subincruentum Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens var. circumrubens Nyl., Verrucaria circumrubens var. rubrotecta Stirt.]
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Ilex opaca branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 729 [NCU], James C. Lendemer 1617 [PH]
[Parathelium cuyabense Malme]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: further new and interesting reports. Evansia 25(4): 97-101.
[Pyrenula citriformis R.C. Harris, Pyrenula sandwicensis Zahlbr., Pyrenula subcongruens Müll.Arg., Verrucaria fetivica Kremp.]
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, Coastal Plain; Perlmutter, Gary B. 795 [NCU]
[Pyrenula alba var. laevigata (Pers.) Trevis., Verrucaria laevigata Pers.]
Blue Ridge, source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Anthracothecium leucostomum (Ach.) Malme, Anthracothecium libricola (Fée) Müll.Arg., Anthracothecium libricola f. libricola (Fée) Müll.Arg., Anthracothecium pachycheilum (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Bottaria libricola (Fée) Vain., Bottaria libricola f. libricola (Fée) Vain., Parmentaria rappii Zahlbr., Pyrenula libricola Fée, Pyrenula pachycheila Tuck., Verrucaria leucostoma (Ach.) Mont., Verrucaria libricola (Fée) Nyl.]
[Pseudopyrenula galactina Shirley, Pyrenula achroopora (Nyl.) Arnold, Pyrenula dermatodes (Borrer) Schaer., Pyrenula glabratula (Nyl.) Arnold, Pyrenula nitida var. dermatodes (Borrer) Trevis., Verrucaria achroopora Nyl., Verrucaria dermatodes Borrer, Verrucaria glabrata var. dermatodes (Borrer) Leight., Verrucaria glabratula Nyl., Verrucaria nitida var. dermatodes (Borrer) Leight.]
source: Harris, R.C. 1989. A sketch of the family Pyrenulaceae (Melanommatales) in eastern North America. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 74-107.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
source: Harris, R.C. and D. Ladd. 2005. Preliminary draft: Ozark lichens (unpublished manuscript prepared for trial use in the 14th Tuckerman Lichen Workshop).
maritime forest; partly shady; Substrate: Ilex opaca branch; J. C. Lendemer 39974 [NY], Perlmutter, Gary B. 728 [NCU]
[Anthracothecium dimorphum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Bottaria dimorpha Vain., Melanomma nitidulum Bres., Melanotheca griseola (Vain.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula andamanica Ajay Singh & Upreti, Pyrenula cinereoglauca Zahlbr., Pyrenula dealbata (C. Knight) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula griseola Vain., Pyrenula paraensis Müll.Arg., Pyrenula platysporella Zahlbr., Pyrenula plittii R.C. Harris, Pyrenula subsimplex Vain., Verrucaria inflata Stirt.]
reported as P. plittii., source: Schmitt, C.K. & N.G. Slack. 1990. Host specificity of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes: a comparison of the Adirondack Mountains (New York) and the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (North Carolina). The Bryologist 93(3): 257 - 274.
[Pyrenula punctella var. punctella (Nyl.) Trevis., Verrucaria punctella Nyl.]
[Anthracothecium pyrenuloides (Mont.) Müll.Arg., Bathelium pyrenuloides (Mont.) Trevis., Bottaria pyrenuloides (Mont.) Trevis., Pyrenastrum pyrenuloides (Mont.) Nyl., Trypethelium pyrenuloides Mont., Verrucaria pyrenuloides (Mont.) Nyl., Verrucaria pyrenuloides var. pyrenuloides (Fée) Fée]
[Bathelium megaspermum var. tasmanicum Jatta, Laurera megasperma var. tasmanica (Jatta) Zahlbr., Parmentaria ravenelii (Tuck.) Müll.Arg., Pyrenastrum ravenelii Tuck.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Pseudopyrenula balia (Kremp.) Müll. Arg., Pyrenula balia (Krempelh.) R.C. Harris, Verrucaria balia Kremp., Verrucaria marginata var. santensis Nyl., Verrucaria santensis (Nyl.) Nyl.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
[Biatora varians (Ach.) Eschw., Lecidea subtilis Degel., Lecidea varians Ach., Traponora varians (Ach.) J. Kalb & Kalb]
floodplain forest; partly sunny; Substrate: fallen hardwood branch; Perlmutter, Gary B. 1858 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 979-A [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 504 [NCU]
[Lecidea albovirens G. Mey.]
Coastal Plain, source: Amtoft, A. 2002. Pyxine subcinerea in the eastern United States. The Bryologist 105(2): 270 – 272.
[Pyxine cocoes var. caesiopruinosa Tuck., Pyxine sorediata f. caesiopruinosa (Tuck.) Hue]
Blue Ridge, source: McCune, B., J. Dey, J. Peck, K. Heiman and S. Will-Wolf. 1997. Regional gradients in lichen communities of the southeast United States. The Bryologist 100(2): 145-458.; Culberson, William, L. 7945 [DUKE]
[Phragmopyxine eschweileri (Tuck.) Clem., Pyxine cocoes var. eschweileri Tuck., Pyxine niveomarginata B. de Lesd., Pyxine rosacea Zahlbr., Pyxine sorediata var. eschweileri (Tuck.) Tuck.]
[Cystocoleus rupestris (Pers.) Rabenh., Racodium rupestre var. rupestre Pers.]
source: Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp, 47 plates.
[Evernia calicaris (L.) Link, Lichen calicaris L., Lichen calicaris var. calicaris L., Lobaria calicaris (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia calicaris (L.) Spreng., Parmelia fraxinea var. calicaris (L.) Schaer., Platysma calicare (L.) Frege, Ramalina calicaris f. calicaris (L.) Röhl., Ramalina calicaris subsp. calicaris (L.) Röhl., Ramalina calicaris var. calicaris (L.) Röhl., Ramalina calicaris var. canaliculata Fr., Ramalina calicaris var. subamplicata Nyl., Ramalina calicaris var. subfastigiata Nyl., Ramalina fraxinea subsp. canaliculata (Fr.) B. de Lesd., Ramalina fraxinea var. calicaris (L.) Schaer., Ramalina subampliata (Nyl.) Fink, Ramalina subamplicata (Nyl.) Fink, Ramalina subamplicata f. gracilis B. de Lesd., Ramalina subamplicata f. subamplicata (Nyl.) Fink, Ramalina subfastigiata (Nyl.) Werner]
[Lichen complanatus Sw., Ramalina calicaris f. complanata (Sw.) Nyl., Ramalina calicaris var. complanata (Sw.) Nyl., Roccella complanata (Sw.) Darb., Roccella complanata var. complanata (Sw.) Darb.]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
Blue Ridge, Piedmont, source: Perlmutter, G.B. 2006. Lichen inventory of the North Carolina Piedmont. Castanea 71(4): 282-294.
[Ramalina rigida f. montagnei (De Not.) Tuck., Ramalina rigida var. montagnei (De Not.) Tuck.]
maritime forest; shady; Substrate: Carpinus carolinianus trunk; Perlmutter, Gary B. 667 [NCU]
source: Lendemer, J.C. & R. Yahr. 2004. A checklist of the lichens collected during the Tuckerman Workshop #12, Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. Evansia 21(3): 118 - 136.
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C., R.C. Harris and E.A. Tripp. 2013. The lichens and allied fungi of Great Smoky Mountains National Park: an annotated checklist with comprehensive keys. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden Volume 104: 1-152.
[Lichen pollinarius Ach., Parmelia pollinaria (Westr.) Ach., Ramalina fraxinea var. pollinaria (Westr.) Fürnr., Ramalina humilis (Ach.) Röhl., Ramalina pollinaria var. humilis Ach., Ramalina polymorpha var. humilis (Ach.) A. Massal., Ramalina squarrosa f. humilis (Ach.) Oxner]
Blue Ridge, source: Perry, J.D. & B.J. Moore. 1969. Preliminary check list of foliose and fruticose lichens in Buncombe County, North Carolina. Castanea 34: 146 - 157.
floodplain forest; partly sunny (canopy); Substrate: fallen twigs; Perlmutter, Gary B. 310 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 1843 [NCU]
[Lecidea elabens Fr., Lecidea melancheima Tuck., Pyrrhospora elabens (Fr.) Hafellner]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Biatora russula (Ach.) Mont., Lecidea russula Ach., Lecidea russula var. russula Ach., Lepadolemma russulum (Ach.) Trevis., Patellaria russula (Ach.) Spreng., Protoblastenia russula (Ach.) Räsänen, Protoblastenia russula var. russula (Ach.) Räsänen, Pyrrhospora russula (Ach.) Hafellner]
low elevation rocky summit plant community; sunny; Substrate: quartzite wall; Perlmutter, Gary B. MM-23 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. 585 [NCU], Perlmutter, Gary B. MM-20 [NCU]
[Biatorella rappii Zahlbr.]
Coastal Plain, Reported from Camden County, source: Lendemer, J.C. and K. Knudsen. 2011. Studies in lichens and lichenicolous fungi: 7. More notes on taxa from North America. Mycotaxon 115: 45-52
[Buellia concentrica (Davies) H. Olivier, Diplotomma concentricum (Davies) Jatta, Lecidea concentrica (Davies) Nyl., Lecidea concentrica var. concentrica (Davies) Nyl., Lichen concentricus Davies, Rhizocarpon petraeum var. concentricum (Davies) Mudd]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Buellia geographica Räsänen, Diplotomma geographicum (L.) Jatta, Lecidea atrovirens var. geographica (L.) Ach., Lecidea geographica (L.) Rebent., Lecidea geographica f. conglomerata Fr., Lecidea geographica f. geographica (L.) Rebent., Lecidea geographica f. sorediata Croz., Lecidea geographica f. subcinerascens Nyl., Lecidea geographica f. urceolata Schaer., Lecidea geographica var. albohypothallina Maheu & Werner, Lecidea geographica var. contigua Schaer., Lecidea geographica var. cyanodes Nyl., Lecidea geographica var. cyclopica Nyl., Lecidea geographica var. geographica (L.) Rebent., Lecidea geographica var. pulverulenta Schaer., Leproncus geographicus (L.) A. St.-Hil., Lichen geographicus L., Patellaria geographica (L.) Duby, Rhizocarpon diabasicum Räsänen, Rhizocarpon diabasicum f. diabasicum Räsänen, Rhizocarpon diabasicum f. smaragdina Räsänen, Rhizocarpon geographicum f. geographicum (L.) DC., Rhizocarpon geographicum f. urceolatum (Schaer.) Körb., Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. arcticum (Runemark) Hertel, Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. diabasicum (Räsänen) Poelt & V?zda, Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. frigidum (Räsänen) Hertel, Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. kittilense (Räsänen) R. Sant., Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. lindsayanum (Räsänen) R. Sant., Rhizocarpon geographicum subsp. prospectans (Räsänen) D. Hawksw. & Sowter, Rhizocarpon geographicum var. urceolatum, Rhizocarpon kittilense Räsänen, Rhizocarpon lindsayanum subsp. kittilense (Räsänen) Runemark, Rhizocarpon prospectans Räsänen, Rhizocarpon riparium subsp. lindsayanum (Räsänen) J.W. Thomson, Rhizocarpon semilecanorinum var. atlanticum Räsänen, Rhizocarpon tinei subsp. arcticum Runemark, Rhizocarpon tinei subsp. diabasicum (Räsänen) Runemark, Rhizocarpon tinei subsp. frigidum (Räsänen) Runemark, Rhizocarpon tinei subsp. prospectans (Räsänen) Runemark, Rhizocarpon tinei subsp. vulgare Runemark, Rhizocarpon urceolatum (Schaer.) Räsänen, Urceolaria geographica (L.) Link, Verrucaria geographica (L.) F.H. Wigg.]
[Diplotomma grande (Flörke ex Flot.) Jatta, Lecidea petraea f. grande Flörke ex Flot.]
Blue Ridge, source: unpublished checklist provided by R.C. Harris (NY).
[Lecidea infernula Nyl., Rhizocarpon infernulum f. infernulum (Nyl.) Lynge]
Blue Ridge, source: Lendemer, J.C. & E.A. Tripp. 2008. Contributions to the lichen flora of North Carolina: a preliminary checklist of the lichens of Gorges State Park. The Bryologist 111(1): 57-67.
[Aspicilia oederi (Ach.) A. Massal., Biatora oederi (Weber) Hepp, Buellia oederi (Weber) Rostr., Diplotomma oederi (Weber) Jatta, Lecidea oederi Ach., Lichen oederi Weber, Patellaria oederi (Ach.) Trevis., Rhizocarpon petraeum var. oederi (Weber) Körb., Urceolaria oederi (Ach.) Schaer., Verrucaria oederi (Weber) Hoffm.]
[Rhizocarpon obscuratum f. reductum (Th. Fr.) Schade, Rhizocarpon obscuratum var. reductum (Th. Fr.) Eitner]