Consortium of Lichen Herbaria
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Lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental US & Canada (Version 23)
Taxa explicitly excluded: Erroneous reports of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi from North America (version #23)
Citation: This version (Version #23, 19 September 2019) of the checklist is being simultaneously published online by North Dakota State University, and in Opuscula Philolichenum 18: 102-378.
Locality: Continental United States of America and Canada
Abstract:
Version 23 of the checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi occurring in North America north of Mexico is presented. It includes a total of 5,618 species in 766 genera, with an additional 44 subspecies, 45 varieties, and 3 forms. The total species number includes 631 lichenicolous fungi, 107 saprophytic fungi related to lichens or to lichenicolous fungi, and another 63 species of varying and/or uncertain biological status.
Please click here to download the Reference List as a PDF.
Notes: The original checklist and its previous versions is available online at this website of North Dakota State University.
Families: 174
Genera: 768
Species: 5621
Total Taxa: 5661
source: Lendemer (2011c)
[Lecidea fucata Stirt., Megalospora fucata (Stirt.) H. Olivier, Mycoblastus fucatus (Stirton) Zahlbr., Mycoblastus sterilis Coppins & P. James]
[Pseudopyrenula concatervata Vain., Trypethelium exocanthum Tuck., Trypethelium scorites Tuck., Trypethelium virens Tuck. ex Michener, Verrucaria concatervata Nyl.]
[Torula lichenicola Linds.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Esslinger & Egan (1995)
[Torula verrucosa Vouaux]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Diederich (2003)
[Phoma truncata B. de Lesd.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
[Cetraria canadensis (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria canadensis var. canadensis (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria canadensis var. crispata (Räsänen) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensiforma Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensiformis Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. alvarensis (Wahlenb.) Torss., Cetraria juniperina var. arborialis Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. campestris Stenh., Cetraria juniperina var. canadensis Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. crispata Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. dilatata (Vain.) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina var. jerseyi Gyeln., Cetraria juniperina var. pseudopinastre Du Rietz, Cetraria juniperina var. terrestris Schaer., Cetraria juniperina var. yerseyi Gyeln., Tuckermannopsis canadensis (Räsänen) Hale, Tuckermannopsis juniperina (L.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis canadensis (Räsänen) Hale]
[Cetraria juniperina (L.) Fr., Cetraria juniperina f. juniperina (L.) Ach., Cetraria juniperina var. juniperina (L.) Ach., Cetraria juniperina var. tilesii (Ach.) Th. Fr., Cetraria tilesii Ach., Cetraria tilesii var. tilesii Ach., Lichen juniperinus L., Lichen juniperinus var. alvarensis Wahlenb., Lichen juniperinus var. juniperinus L., Lobaria juniperina (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia juniperina (L.) Hepp, Physcia juniperina (L.) DC., Platysma juniperinum (L.) Frege, Platysma tilesii (Ach.) Nyl., Squamaria juniperina (L.) Hoffm., Tuckermanopsis juniperina (L.) Hale, Vulpicida juniperinus (L.) J.-E. Mattsson & M.J. Lai, Vulpicida tilesii (Ach.) J.-E. Mattsson & M. J. Lai]
source: Saag et al. (2014)
[Cetraria juniperina var. pinastri (Scop.) Ach., Cetraria pinastri Roehl., Cetraria pinastri f. lepraria (Rass.) Rass., Cetraria pinastri f. pinastri (Scop.) Gray, Cetraria pinastri f. trabinella (Hepp) Erichsen, Cetraria pinastri var. pinastri (Scop.) Gray, Cetraria pinastri var. soralifera (Frey) Zahlbr., Cetraria pinastri var. trabinella Hepp ex Hillmann, Lichen pinastri Scop., Lobaria pinastri (Scop.) Hoffm., Parmelia pinastri (Scop.) Sommerf., Physcia pinastri (Scop.) DC., Platysma pinastri (Scop.) Frege, Squamaria pinastri (Scop.) Hoffm., Tuckermannopsis pinastri (Scop.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis pinastri (Scop.) Hale]
[Cetraria canadensis var. viridis (Schwein.) Räsänen, Cetraria juniperina f. viridis (Schwein.) Zahlbr., Cetraria juniperina var. viridis (Schwein.) Räsänen, Cetraria viridis Schwein., Tuckermannopsis viridis (Schwein.) Hale, Tuckermanopsis viridis (Schwein.) Hale]
[Thrombium laetevirens A.L. Sm., Verrucaria mucosa Wahlenb., Verrucaria mucosa f. mucosa Wahlenb., Verrucaria mucosa f. prasina Erichsen]
[Lithoicea striatula (Wahlenb.) Gray, Verrucaria melas Herre, Verrucaria striatula Wahlenb., Verrucaria striatula f. continua M. Knowles, Verrucaria striatula f. striatula Wahlenb., Verrucaria striatula subsp. australis R. Sant., Verrucaria striatula subsp. borealis R. Sant., Verrucaria striatula subsp. striatula Wahlenb.]
[Verrucaria tavaresiae R. Moe]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Kocourková & Knudsen (2008)
[Caloplaca texana Wetmore & Kärnefelt]
[Endocarpon diffractellum (Nyl.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux, Endocarpon tenuissimum (Degel.) Lendemer & Tripp, Polyblastia diffractella (Nyl.) Trevis., Staurothele diffractella (Nyl.) Tuck., Staurothele diffractella var. diffractella (Nyl.) Tuck., Staurothele tenuissima Degel., Verrucaria diffractella Nyl.]
source: Gueidan & Lendemer (2015)
[Caloplaca crenulatella (Nyl.) Oliv., Caloplaca lactea f. densa Szatala, Caloplaca vitellinoides Verseghy, Lecanora crenulatella Nyl., Placodium crenulatellum (Nyl.) A.L. Sm.]
[Caloplaca erichansenii S.Y. Kondr., A. Thell, Kärnefelt & Elix]
[Caloplaca feracissima H. Magn.]
[Callopisma ochraceum var. lacteum A. Massal.]
[Callopisma marmoratum Bagl., Caloplaca marmorata (Bagl.) Jatta]
[Callopisma tominii Savicz, Caloplaca tominii Savicz, Gasparrinia tominii Savicz, Placodium tominii Savicz]
The original Esslinger Checklist #22 erroneously lists the author as "(Savicz) Frödén, Arup & Søchting"
[Gallowayella borealis (R. Sant. & Poelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria borealis (R. Sant. & Poelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria borealis R. Sant. & Poelt]
[Gallowayella concinna (J.W. Thomson & T.H. Nash) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria concinna (J.W. Thomson & T.H. Nash) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria concinna J.W. Thomson & T.H. Nash]
[Oxneria fallax (Arnold) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Placodium fallax Hepp, Xanthomendoza fallax var. fallax (Arnold) Søchting, Kärnefelt & S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria fallax (Hepp) Arnold, Xanthoria fallax f. dolomitica Gyeln., Xanthoria fallax f. fallax Arnold, Xanthoria fallax var. fallax (Hepp) Arnold, Xanthoria fallax var. lychneoides (Mereschk.) Erichsen, Xanthoria fallax var. subsorediosa (Räsänen) D.D. Awasthi]
[Gallowayella fulva (Hoffm.) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Lobaria fulva Hoffm., Oxneria fulva (Hoffm.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria fulva (Hoffm.) Poelt & Petutschnig]
[Gallowayella galericulata (L. Lindblom) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell]
source: Lindblom (2006)
[Gallowayella hasseana (Räsänen) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria hasseana (Räsänen) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria hasseana Räsänen]
[Teloschistes mendozae (Räsänen) Räsänen, Xanthomendoza kashiwadanii S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria mendozae Räsänen]
[Gallowayella montana (L. Lindblom) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria montana (L. Lindblom) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria montana Lindblom]
[Gallowayella oregana (Gyeln.) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria oregana (Gyeln.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria oregana Gyeln.]
[Xanthoria subramulosa Räsänen]
[Caloplaca elegans var. trachyphylla (Tuck.) Fink, Caloplaca hedinii H. Magn., Caloplaca trachyphylla (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Gasparrinia hedinii (H. Magn.) N.S. Golubk., Golubkovaea trachyphylla (Tuck.) S.Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A. Thell, Jung Kim, M.H. Jeong, N.N. Yu, A.S. Kondr. & Hur, Placodium elegans var. trachyphyllum Tuck.]
[Oxneria coppinsii S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt nom. inval., Oxneria soechtingii (S.Y. Kondr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria ulophyllodes (Räsänen) S. Kondratyuk & Kärnefelt, Physcia lychnea f. stenophylla Harm., Xanthomendoza soechtingii (S.Y. Kondr.) Kärnefelt & S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria soechtingi S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria soechtingii S.Y. Kondr., Xanthoria stenophylla (Harm.) B. de Lesd., Xanthoria ulophyllodes Räsänen]
[Gallowayella wetmorei (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Honeggeria rosmarieae (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr., Fedorenko, S. Stenroos, Kärnefelt, Elix, Hur & A. Thell, Oxneria weberi S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria weberii (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Oxneria wetmorei (S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt) S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthomendoza rosmarieae S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria wetmorei S. Kondr. & Kärnefelt]
source: Lindblom (2006)
[Almbornia Essl., Chondropsis Nyl. ex Cromb., Karoowia Hale, Namakwa Hale, Neofuscelia Essl., Omphalodiella Henssen, Paraparmelia Elix & J. Johnston, Placoparmelia Henssen, Xanthomaculina Hale]
[Neofuscelia ahtii (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia ahtii Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia ajoensis T.H. Nash]
[Parmelia angustiphylla (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa var. angustiphylla Gyeln.]
[Neofuscelia atticoides (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia atticoides Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia australasica (D.J. Galloway) Filson]
[Parmelia barbatica Elix]
[Neofuscelia brunella (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia brunella Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Borrera camtschadalis Ach., Evernia camtschadalis (Ach.) Mont., Imbricaria camtschadalis (Ach.) Jatta, Parmelia camtschadalis (Ach.) Eschw., Parmelia camtschadalis f. camtschadalis (Ach.) Eschw., Parmelia camtschadalis var. camtschadalis (Ach.) Eschw.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#22): syn.: Parmelia camtschadalis
[Neofuscelia chiricahuensis (R. Anderson & W.A. Weber) Essl., Parmelia chiricahuensis R.A. Anderson & W.A. Weber]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia chlorochroa Tuck.]
source: Elix & Nash (1999)
[Parmelia consociata Elix]
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Imbricaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) DC., Imbricaria conspersa f. conspersa (Ach.) DC., Lichen conspersus Ehrh. ex Ach., Lobaria conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) P. Gaertn., G. Mey. & Scherb., Parmelia centrifuga var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia conspersa Ach., Parmelia conspersa f. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa subsp. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Parmelia conspersa var. conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Pseudoparmelia conspersa]
[Parmelia cumberlandia (Gyeln.) Hale, Parmelia subconspersa var. cumberlandia Gyeln.]
[Parmelia dierythra Hale]
[Parmelia digitiformis Elix & P.M. Armstr.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia dissensa T.H. Nash]
source: Elix & Nash (1999)
[Parmelia huachucensis T.H. Nash]
[Parmelia hypofusca Gyeln.]
source: Hodkinson & Lendemer (2011)
[Parmelia hypomelaena Hale, Xanthoparmelia hypomeleana (Hale) Hale]
[Parmelia incerta Kurok. & Filson]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Neofuscelia infrapallida (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia infrapallida Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004)
[Imbricaria conspersa f. coralloidea Hazsl., Parmelia conspersa f. isidiigera Müll.Arg., Parmelia isidiigera (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia isidiigera f. coralloidea (Hazsl.) Gyeln., Parmelia isidiigera f. isidiigera (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia isidiigera f. isidiophora (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia isidiigera f. ligustica Gyeln., Parmelia isidiigera f. pseudoramigera (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia isidiigera var. isidiigera (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Parmelia isidiigera var. isidiophora (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia isidiigera var. lojkana (Gyeln.) Gyeln.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia ambigua var. isidiosa (Müll. Arg.) Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa f. isidiosa Müll.Arg., Parmelia conspersa var. isidiosa Nyl., Parmelia isidiosa (Müll.Arg.) Hale, Parmelia refringens Kurok. & Filson, Parmelia stenophylla f. isidiosa (Müll. Arg.) H. Magn., Xanthoparmelia refringens (Kurok. & Filson) Hale]
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Parmelia joranadae T.H. Nash, Xanthoparmelia joranadia (T.H. Nash) Egan]
source: Thell et al. (2009)
[Parmelia kurokawae Hale, Parmelia lavicola Gyeln., Xanthoparmelia kurokawae (Hale) Hale]
[Parmelia lineola E.C. Berry, Parmelia rimalis Kurok., Xanthoparmelia rimalis (Kurok.) Elix, A. Thell & Søchting]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Imbricaria isidiotyla (Arnold) Arnold, Imbricaria prolixa var. isidiotyla Arnold, Neofuscelia loxodes (Nyl.) Essl., Parmelia delisei var. isidiascens (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Zahlbr., Parmelia isidiotyla Nyl., Parmelia isidiotyla f. arboricola Kosk.{?}, Parmelia isidiotyla f. dissecta (Hilitzer) Erichsen, Parmelia isidiotyla f. grisea (Anders) Grummann, Parmelia isidiotyla f. isidiascens Nyl., Parmelia isidiotyla f. isidiotyla Nyl., Parmelia isidiotyla f. pruinosa (Anders) Grummann, Parmelia isidiotyla var. isidiotyla Nyl., Parmelia loxodes Nyl., Parmelia loxodes var. loxodes Nyl., Parmelia prolixa f. isidiascens (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Cromb., Parmelia prolixa var. isidiascens Nyl. ex Cromb., Parmelia prolixa var. isidiostyla (Arn.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia mexicana Gyeln., Parmelia ramigera f. minuta Gyeln., Parmelia ramigera f. murita Gyeln.]
[Parmelia constrictans f. inactiva B. de Lesd. ex Gyeln., Parmelia monticola J.P. Dey]
[Imbricaria mougeotii (Schaer.) Flot., Parmelia conspersa f. mougeotii (Schaer. ex D. Dietr.) Leight., Parmelia conspersa var. mougeotii (Schaer. ex D. Dietr.) Leight., Parmelia mougeotii Schaer. ex D. Dietr., Parmelia mougeotii f. mougeotii Schaer., Parmelia mougeotii var. mougeotii Schaer.]
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Parmelia neoconspersa Gyeln.]
[Parmelia interposita Kurok., Parmelia neorimalis Elix & P.M. Armstr.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia nigropsoromifera T.H. Nash]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia arseneana Gyeln., Parmelia conspersa var. nigromarginata Stirt., Parmelia novomexicana Gyeln., Xanthoparmelia arseneana (Gyeln.) Hale]
[Neofuscelia occidentalis (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia occidentalis Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia oleosa Elix & P.M. Armstr.]
[Parmelia piedmontenis, Parmelia piedmontensis Hale]
[Parmelia conspersa f. planilobata Gyeln.]
[Parmelia plittii Gyeln.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia psoromifera Kurok. ex Hale]
[Neofuscelia pustulosa (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia pustulosa Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia constrictans Nyl., Parmelia standaertii Gyeln., Parmelia subconstrictans Vain. ex Lynge nom. inval.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Imbricaria conspersa f. stenophylla (Ach.) Flot., Imbricaria conspersa var. stenophylla (Ach.) Jatta, Parmelia centrifuga f. stenophylla (Ach.) Wallr., Parmelia centrifuga var. stenophylla (Ach.) Rabenh., Parmelia conspersa f. stenophylla (Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia conspersa ß stenophylla Ach., Parmelia conspersa subsp. stenophylla (Ach.) Hasse, Parmelia conspersa var. stenophylla Ach., Parmelia polyphylloides f. somloensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis f. somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia somloensis var. somloensis Gyeln., Parmelia stenophylla (Ach.) Heugel, Parmelia stenophylla f. stenophylla Müll.Arg., Parmelia stenophylla var. stenophylla Müll.Arg., Parmelia viriduloumbrina var. somloensis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Xanthoparmelia somloensis (Gyelnik) Hale]
source: Ahti & Hawksworth (2005)
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia subdecipiens Vain.]
[Neofuscelia subhosseana (Essl.) Essl., Parmelia subhosseana Essl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia abstrusa var. subramigera (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia subramigera Gyeln.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Parmelia conspersa subsp. tinctina (Maheu & A. Gillet) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Parmelia tinctina Maheu & A. Gillet, Parmelia tinctina var. tinctina Maheu & A. Gillet, Parmelia tinctina var. xizangensis J.C. Wei, Parmelia tokajensis Gyeln.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia tuberculata Gyeln.]
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
source: Nash & Elix (2004)
[Parmelia tucsonensis T.H. Nash]
[Endocarpon vagans Nyl., Parmelia conspersa var. vagans (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia molliuscula subsp. vagans (Nyl.) Cretz., Parmelia molliuscula var. vagans (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia stenophylla var. vagans (Nyl.) Lettau, Parmelia subvagans Gyeln., Parmelia taractica var. vagans (Nyl.) Poelt & Vězda nom. inval., Parmelia vagans (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia vagans f. vagans (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia vagans var. vagans (Nyl.) Nyl.]
[Imbricaria glomellifera (Nyl.) Arnold, Imbricaria verruculifera (Nyl.) Arnold, Neofuscelia verruculifera (Nyl.) Essl., Neofuscelia verruculifera f. pernites (Lettau) S.Y. Kondr., Neofuscelia verruculifera f. verruculifera (Nyl.) Essl., Neofuscelia verruculifera var. glomellifera (Nyl.) S.Y. Kondr., Neofuscelia verruculifera var. verruculifera (Nyl.) Essl., Parmelia glomellifera (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia glomellifera f. dissecta (Hilitzer) Hillmann, Parmelia glomellifera f. glomellifera (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia glomellifera f. lignicola Szatala, Parmelia glomellifera f. pruinosa Anders, Parmelia glomellifera var. balatonica Gyeln., Parmelia glomellifera var. glomellifera (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia glomellifera var. grisea Anders, Parmelia isidiotyla f. glomellifera (Nyl.) Erichsen, Parmelia isidiotyla var. glomellifera (Nyl.) Maas Geest., Parmelia loxodes var. verruculifera (Nyl.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Parmelia prolixa var. glomellifera Nyl., Parmelia verruculifera Nyl., Parmelia verruculifera f. fuscisorediosa Gyeln., Parmelia verruculifera f. irregulata Gyeln., Parmelia verruculifera f. laxa Gyeln., Parmelia verruculifera f. pernites Lettau, Parmelia verruculifera f. pruinosa Hilitzer, Parmelia verruculifera f. subdispersa (Mereschk.) Hillmann, Parmelia verruculifera f. verruculifera Nyl., Parmelia verruculifera var. conspurcata (Schaer.) Hillmann, Parmelia verruculifera var. leucocheila (A. Massal.) Hillmann, Parmelia verruculifera var. verruculifera Nyl.]
source: Blanco et al. (2004b)
[Parmelia conspersa f. viriduloumbrina Gyeln.]
source: Lendemer (2005b)
[Parmelia weberi Hale]
[Parmelia digitulata var. wyomingica Gyeln., Parmelia wyomingica (Gyeln.) Hale]
[Lecidea texana W.A. Weber, Psora texana W.A. Weber, Xanthopsora texana (W.A. Weber) Gotth. Schneider & W.A. Weber]
[Blasteniospora parietina (L.) Trevis., Geissodea parietina (L.) J. St.-Hill., Imbricaria parietina (L.) DC., Lecanora rutilans (Ach.) Ach., Lichen rutilans Ach., Lobaria parietina (L.) Hoffm., Parmelia parietina var. ectanea Ach., Parmelia parietina var. parietina (L.) Ach., Parmelia rutilans (Ach.) Ach., Physcia ectanea (Ach.) Linds., Physcia parietina (L.) De Not., Physcia parietina f. parietina (L.) De Not., Physcia parietina var. parietina (L.) De Not., Platysma parietinum (L.) Frege, Teloschistes parietinus (Ach.) F. Wilson, Xanthoria coomae S.Y. Kondr. & Kärnefelt, Xanthoria ectanea (Ach.) Räsänen ex Filson, Xanthoria parietina subsp. ectanea (Ach.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Xanthoria parietina subsp. parietina (L.) Th. Fr., Xanthoria parietina var. convexa Räsänen, Xanthoria parietina var. ectanea (Ach.) J.J. Kickx, Xanthoria polessica S. Y. Kondr. et A. P. Yatsyna]
source: Kondratyuk & Kärnefelt (2003a)
[Nectria lutescens Arnold]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Zhurbenko (2009a)
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates
source: Lendemer & Harris (2015b)
source: Harris & Ladd (2007)
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Xylographa rubescens var. carneopallida Räsänen]
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
According to Spribille et al. (2014a) possibly a synonym of X. difformis , source: Ryan (2004b)
[Xylographa parallela var. difformis Vain., Xylographa pruinodisca B.D. Ryan & T.H. Nash, sp. nov.]
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Xylographa parallela var. pallens Nyl., Xylographa rubescens var. degelii Räsänen]
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Hysterium abietinum Pers., Hysterium parallelum (Ach.) Wahlenb., Lichen parallelus Ach., Opegrapha parallela (Ach.) Ach., Placographa laricicola (Nyl.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Stictis linearis Cooke & Ellis, Stictis parallela (Ach.) Fr., Xylogramma lineare (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc., Xylogramma parallelum Wallr., Xylographa abietina (Pers.) Zahlbr., Xylographa abietina f. abietina (Pers.) Zahlbr., Xylographa abietina f. atrata Redinger, Xylographa abietina var. abietina (Pers.) Zahlbr., Xylographa abietina var. degelii (Räsänen) Makar., Xylographa abietina var. elliptica (Nyl.) Räsänen, Xylographa abietina var. parallela (Ach.) Redinger, Xylographa abietina var. rubescens (Räsänen) Degel., Xylographa incerta A. Massal., Xylographa laricicola Nyl., Xylographa minutula Körb., Xylographa parallela var. sessitana Bagl. in Arnold, Xylographa scaphoidea Stirt.]
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
source: Holien & Tønsberg (2008)
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Lecidea trunciseda Th. Fr., Xylographa parallela f. elliptica Nyl.]
source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Agyrium spilomaticum Anzi, Coniocarpon vitiligo (Ach.) DC., Spiloma vitiligo Ach., Variolaria vitiligo (Ach.) Turner, Xylographa corrugans Norman, Xylographa spilomatica (Anzi) Th. Fr.]
[Biatora friesii (Ach.) Tuck., Hypocenomyce friesii (Ach.) P. James & Gotth. Schneider, Lecidea friesii Ach., Psora friesii (Ach.) Hellb.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#22): syn.: Hypocenomyce friesii, Lecidea friesii, L. myrmecina, Psora friesii, source: Bendiksby & Timdal (2013) Ortiz until here (bold syns only)
source: Spribille & Björk (2008)
[Zahlbrucknera calcarea Herre]
[Graphis involuta Wallr., Graphis viridis (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Lecanactis involuta (Wallr.) A. Massal., Opegrapha involuta (Wallr.) Jatta, Opegrapha rubella var. viridis Ach., Opegrapha viridis (Pers. ex Ach.) Behlen & Desberger, Opegrapha viridis f. albicans Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. perminuta Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. subatra Erichsen ex Redinger, Opegrapha viridis f. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Opegrapha viridis var. viridis (Ach.) Nyl., Sclerographa viridis (Pers.) Erichsen]
source: Ertz & Tehler (2011)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Harris (1995a)
[Arthopyrenia hygrophilus var. berengeriana (Arnold) H. Olivier, Bryopogon berengerianus (Arnold) Gyeln., Bryopogon berengerianus f. berengerianus (Arnold) Gyeln., Bryopogon berengerianus f. griseus (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Bryopogon berengerianus f. subolivaceus (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Bryopogon berengerianus var. berengerianus (Arnold) Gyeln., Bryopogon berengerianus var. rigidus (Fr.) Gyeln., Didymella berengeriana (Arnold) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Endococcus hygrophilus var. berengerianus Arnold, Pharcidia hygrophila var. berengeriana (Arnold) G. Winter, Verrucaria berengeriana (Arnold) Nyl.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
[Didymella cladoniae C.W. Dodge]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Alstrup & Cole (1998)
[Arthopyrenia coepulona Norman]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Goward et al. (1996)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Zhurbenko & Pino-Bodas (2017)
[Arthopyrenia conspurcans Th. Fr., Arthopyrenia dispersa J. Lahm ex Körb., Arthopyrenia hygrophilus (Arnold) H. Olivier, Arthopyrenia hygrophilus var. hygrophilus (Arnold) H. Olivier, Endococcus hygrophilus Arnold, Endococcus hygrophilus var. hygrophilus Arnold, Endococcus hygrophilus var. minoris Bagl. & Carestia, Mycoporum hygrophilum (Arnold) Jatta, Mycoporum hygrophilum var. hygrophilum (Arnold) Jatta, Mycoporum hygrophilum var. minor (Bagl. & Carestia) Jatta, Mycosphaerella dispersa (J. Lahm ex Körb.) J. Schröt., Pharcidia conspurcans (Th. Fr.) G. Winter, Pharcidia dispersa (J. Lahm ex Körb.) Winter ex Rabenh., Pharcidia dispersa f. dispersa (J. Lahm) G. Winter, Pharcidia dispersa f. hygrophila (Arnold) Keissl., Pharcidia dispersa f. verruculosa (Rehm) Keissl., Pharcidia hygrophila (Arnold) G. Winter, Pharcidia hygrophila var. hygrophila (Arnold) G. Winter, Pharcidia hygrophila var. minor (Bagl. & Carestia) Sacc., Stigmidium dispersum (J. Lahm ex Körb.) D. Hawksw., Stigmidium hygrophilum (Arnold) R. Sant.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Zhurbenko (2013)
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