Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Life habit: lichenicolous, commensalistic or weakly parasitic, non-lichenized Ascomata: unknown Conidiomata: superficial, arising singly or irregularly confluent, sporodochia-like, with a marginal excipular-like structure, convex, black; in two species initially partly immersed in the host thallus and pycnidia-like with a large apical open ing, rapidly erumpent and almost superficial, opening in an irregular way and becoming widely cupulate, sporodochia-like, with an exciple-like structure at the margin; basal and lateral stromatic tissues: hyaline to brown, irregular in thickness conidiophores: absent or present, pale brown, subcylindrical, composed of 1 or several cells, 0-3branched conidiogenous cells: subcylindrical, hyaline to pale brown, usually with several annellations conidia: holoblastic, pale to dark brown, 1-septate, smooth, dry, ellipsoid or sometimes obpyriform, with a truncate base Geography: cosmopolitan Substrate: thallus and more rarely apothecia of lichens. Notes: Amongst the four known species, two (including the type) have strongly convex, superficial sporodochialike conidiomata, whilst the other two have smaller, partly immersed, and concave conidiomata. The conidiophores are well-developed, septate and 2-3-branched in the type species, but shorter and more rarely branched in the three other species. The two species with immersed, concave conidiomata are reminiscent of species of Lichenodiplis, except that the young conidiomata are not closed pycnidia and that the conidiomatal margin has an excipular-like structure similar to that of the type species of Minutoexcipula. More studies, including molecular ones are needed to ascertain if the current circumscription of both genera is accurate, or if the two species of Minutoexcipula with concave conidiomata need to be transfered to Lichenodiplis, or if both genera are best considered as synonyms.