Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) thallus: crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified thallus: cracked, fissured, fractured, rimose | compartimentized – areolate, squamulate [th] upper surface: grey(ish) | brown(ish) grey | black(ish) brown | grey(ish) brown [th upper surface]: epruinose [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (low) 0.2 (high) 0.5 [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): contiguous, coherent (throughout the thallus) | discontiguous, dispersed (towards thallus periphery) | discontiguous, dispersed (throughout the thallus) [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: verrucose, warted ascomata: absent | present ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial ascoma [mm]: (low) 0.4 (high) 0.8 (max) 1.5 ascoma: sessile, superficial [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: plane, flat, flattened, expanded | subconvex, slightly convex | convex [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: black(ish) [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: epruinose | pruinose [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium pruina: scarce, sparse, fine [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: black(ish) | black(ish) brown | grey(ish) brown [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present [ascm] paraphyses/-oid cells width [µm]: (low) 1.5 (high) 2.0 [ascm] paraphyses/-oid apical cells width [µm]: (low) 3.5 (high) 6.0 [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | green(ish) brown (olive brown) asci: lecanoralean [asc] tholus: thickened [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: entirely amyloid (= Catillaria-, Teloschistes-types etc) ascospores: (median) 8.0 [asp] shape: clavate | [cur] – curved, unciform, falcate, sickle-shaped | fusiform [asp] length [µm]: (min) 17.0 (low) 29.0 (high) 58.0 [asp] width [µm]: (low) 4.0 (high) 6.5 (max) 7.0 [asp] septa: present [asp] septa: transversely septate [asp] transversal septa: (min) 5.0 (low) 6.0 (high) 9.0 (max) 11.0 [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent conidiomata: absent | present conidia: bacilliform, bacillar [co] length [µm]: (low) 4.0 (high) 6.0 secondary metabolites: present secondary metabolites: lichesterinic acid primary photobiont: present secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent primary photobiont: chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.

substrate: rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified.