Global occurrence: Oceania – Australasia | Eurasia – Europe | Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Arctic.  Substrate: rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic.  Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts).  Thallus: crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified; [th] upper surface: yellow(ish) (if dull: buff) | brown(ish) yellow (ochraceous, ochre) | red(dish) yellow (orange, orange yellow) | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown); [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: present; [th margin] cilia, cilioid structures: absent; [th upper surface] isidia, isidioid structures: absent; [th upper surface] soredia, soralia, soralioid structures: present; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (min) 0.3.  Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial.  Asci: lecanoralean; [asc] tholus: thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present; [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: entirely amyloid (= Catillaria-, Teloschistes-types etc).  Ascospores: (median) 8.0; [asp] septa: absent | present – spore lumen bilocular, polarilocular, plurilocular; [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless; [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent.  Secondary metabolites: present, unknown/unidentified anthraquinone(s).  Primary photobiont: present, chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.  Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.