Consortium of Lichen Herbaria
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Red-List of Endemic Galapagos Lichens (draft assessments)
Citation: Parrinello, C. & Bungartz, F. (2019): Red-List of Endemic Galapagos Lichens. Consortium of Lichen Herbaria. Symbiota Checklist, published online at https://lichenportal.org/portal/checklists/checklist.php?clid=1326&pid (Accessed on yyyy-mm-dd).
Locality: Ecuador, Galapagos
Abstract:
1Grupo Ecuatoriano de Liquenología (GEL), Ecuador
2Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
3Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador
4Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4108, USA
*corresponding author: frank.bungartz@asu.edu
Red-List of Endemic Galapagos Lichens (draft assessments):
This Red-List of Endemic Galapagos Lichens represents a first attempt to assess the threat status of Galapagos endemic lichen species. Currently all species of lichenized fungi considered endemic or questionably endemic are included . The assessment of only two species have so far officially been published by the IUCN: Acantholichen galapagoensis [assessed as Vulnerable B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)], and Ramalina fragilis [assessed as Vulnerable A3c]. The assessments of all other species in this checklist are in progress.
Please click here to download the Reference List as a PDF.
Notes: last updated 7 March 2023 2023
Voucher Mapping
Families: 20
Genera: 42
Species: 106
Total Taxa: 108
Page 1 of 1: 1
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Dal Forno 1205 [CDS 44756]; IUCN: Vulnerable B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii); previously reported as A. pannarioides, but all Galapagos specimens belong to A. galapagoensis, source: Bungartz (2018), Dal-Forno et al. (2017), Dal-Forno et al. (2016), Dal-Forno et al. (2015), Jørgensen (1998), Lawrey et al. (2009), Lücking et al. (2009), Yánez-Ayabaca et al. (2012); Truong, C. 1532 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1519 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3313 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11713 [CDS], more...
[Graphis pedunculata Bungartz & Aptroot]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 5701 [CDS 28799], source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Bungartz, F. 4801 A [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65686 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4701 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65665 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 63413 [CDS 30168], source: Aptroot et al. (2007); Aptroot, A. 63065 [CDS], Truong, C. 1240 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63413 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7948 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, Academy Bay about 0.5 mi E of Darwin Station, on rock, 20-Feb-1964, Weber, W.A. s.n. (B–22064 – holotype designated by Huneck & Follmann 1969; COLO 185868 (L-39131) – isotype!; further isotypes also distributed as Weber, Lich. Exs. [Boulder (Colorado)] no. 113), source: Huneck & Follmann (1969), Weber (1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 9247 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5948 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63260 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7431 [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Floreana, Post Office Bay, ad cortices laeves, sine datum, Herre, A.W.C.T. 3155 [W–lectotype selected by Ekman 1996; COLO 183424 (S-10354) – isotype!; also distributed as Keissler, Krypt. Exs. [Wien (Vienna)]: Kryptogamae Exsiccatae Editae A Museo Palatino Vindobonensi no. 3155]; originally described from the Galapagos, but questionably endemic since Fernández-Prado et al. (2022) report it as Bacidia cf. insularis from the continent, source: Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Ekman (1996), Fernández-Prado et al. (2022; as Bacidia cf. insularis); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1986 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7936 [CDS], Ertz, D. 12029 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63236 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, Academy Bay, along the shore of the bay, on the shore just above high tide mark, on lava rocks, abundant; associated with Arthothelium galapagoense, Caloplaca sp., and Lecanora sp., collected as part of the Jan. 21 - Mar.09, 1964 Galapagos International Scientific Project, 30-Jan-1964, Weber, W.A. s.n. [COLO 141642 (L-53904) and COLO 234372 (L-53904) – syntypes!; also distributed as Weber, Lich. Exs. [Boulder (Colorado)] no. 344) , source: Weber (1971, 1981, 1986) , Roth et al. (1978), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Clerc, P. 08-63 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9107 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3419 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6569 [CDS], more...
[Buellia xanthinula auct. non (Müll. Arg.) Malme]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, exact location unknown, Hassler Expedition 1872, Hill, T. s.n., ex Tuckerman herbarium sheet no. 3352 [FH 197151!], source: Dodge (1936), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Imshaug (1955), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1986); Bungartz, F. 9869 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4504 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7027 [CDS], Nugra, F. 484 B [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Isabela, Volcán Alcedo, upper NNW-exposed slope inside the crater, 0°27’S, 91°7’W, 1055 m, open vegetation with Adianthus concinnum and scattered shrubs of Tournefortia rufosericea among basalt blocks in the vicinity of the sulfur vents, on basalt, Mar-2006, Aptroot 64881[CDS 31458 – holotype!, hb. Aptroot – isotype), source: Lumbsch et al. (2011); Aptroot, A. 64800 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64815 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8732 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8164 [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 7393 [CDS 37880], source: Bungartz et al. (2013a); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1647 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7704 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 2014 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6756 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Sán Cristóbal, area W of Cerro Pelado on the way to El Ripioso, 0°52’S, 89°28’W, 400 m, transition zone, open Psidium guajava shrubland with Macraea laricifolia and dominant annual herb Malachra capitata, on bark and wood, dead twigs of Psidium guajava, sunny, wind- and rain-exposed, August 2008, Bungartz 8489 (CDS-41135 – holotype!), source: Lumbsch et al. (2011); Bungartz, F. 9653 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8489 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5480 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7295 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6170 A [CDS 34382], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 9756 [CDS 47073]; previously reported as Chrysothrix aff. occidentalis Elix & Kantivalis, source: Bungartz et al. (2013c), Knudsen & Bungartz (2013); Bungartz, F. 6493 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9000 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7406 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8987 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 5744 [CDS 33396]; IUCN: Critical B2a, b(ii, iii), D, (preliminary assessment), source: Yánez-Ayabaca et al. (2013); Bungartz, F. 5749 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5744 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Sán Cristóbal, area W of Cerro Pelado on the way to El Ripioso, 0°52’S, 89°28’W, 400 m, transition zone, open Psidium guajava shrubland with Macraea laricifolia and dominant annual herb Malachra capitata, on bark and wood, dead twigs of Psidium guajava, sunny, wind- and rain-exposed, August 2008, Bungartz 8496 (CDS-41142 – holotype!), source: Lumbsch et al. (2011); Bungartz, F. 6584 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8496 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Dal-Forno 1223 [CDS 44748], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017); Dal-Forno, M. 1187 A [CDS], Ertz, D. 11720 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1513 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4831 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Yánez-Ayabaca 1547 [CDS 45041] | molecular data, source: Lücking et al. (2016); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1547 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5594 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Simbaña 556[CDS 32392]; originally described from Galapagos, assumed to be endemic; Ertz et al. (2015) report the species from Bolivia, source: Bungartz et al. (2013b), Ertz & et al. (2015)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 64075 [CDS 30636], source: Bungartz et al. (2013b); Aptroot, A. 64600 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64075 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. GAL-487 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64081 [CDS]
[Dictyonema galapagoense Yánez, Dal-Forno & Bungartz]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8517 (CDS 41163), source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017), Yánez-Ayabaca et al. (2012); Bungartz, F. 8517 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1545 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 9475 [CDS 46556], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017); Bungartz, F. 9475 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8363 [CDS 41009], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1549 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1550 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64818 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. GAL-449 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Dal-Forno 1209 [CDS 44733], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017); Bungartz, F. 3276 [CDS], Dal-Forno, M. 1179 [CDS], Dal-Forno, M. 1183 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64519 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Dal-Forno, M. 1170 [CDS 44705], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017) Yánez-Ayabaca & et al. (2012)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Dal-Forno 1214 [CDS 44738], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017); Dal-Forno, M. 1214 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1539 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1521 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1517 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype. Bungartz, F. 9549 [CDS 46559], source: Dal-Forno et al. (2017)
[Pyxine glebosa Tuck.]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador, Galápagos [specific locality and habitat not recorded], Hassler Expedition, 1872, Hill s.n. [FH-TUCK 197448 ‒ lectotype selected by Bungartz et al. (2016)], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 5209 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4513 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5387 [CDS], Ertz, D. 12046 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 9761 [CDS 47078], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 9761 [CDS]
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Aptroot 63280 [CDS 30020], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 6729 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5323 B [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1568 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64356 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 7597 [CDS 38093], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 7597 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7749 [CDS]
[Dirina approximata subsp. approximata Zahlbr., Dirina herrei Zahlbr., Dirina paradoxa subsp. approximata (Zahlbr.) Tehler]
endemic to Galapagos, Tehler et al. (2013) include both sorediate and fertile specimens in Dirina approximata and they consider D. herrei a synonym; Type of D. approximata: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Seymour (South Seymour Island), 1929, Albert W.C.T. Herre s. n. [W—lectotype selected by Tehler 1983); B, BM, G, GBG, H, KASSEL, L, LD, M, NY, S-L6, UC, UPS—isolectotypes; no type material in COLO]; type of D. herrei: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Maria (Charles Isl.) Post Office Bay, 1929, Albert W.C.T. Herre s. n. [LD—lectotype selected by Tehler (1983); UPS—isolectotype and distributed as Zahlbr. Lich Rar. Exs. n. 269 in B, W; no type material in COLO]; F. Bungartz: no original material of D. approximata and/or D. herrei could be located in COLO; specimens collected Weber have been annotated as D. approximata or they were misidentifications of other species, e.g., Syncesia psaroleuca], source: Zahlbruckner (1931; protologues for Dirina approximata and Dirina herrei), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1966, 1986), Aptroot & Sparrius (2008), Tehler et al. (2013); Bungartz, F. 9485 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7937 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64466 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6490 [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Holotype: S [F210836]; Tehler et al. (2013) described Dirina pacifica based on a type from Hawaii, but they also cite specimens from Galapagos and discuss this rather unusually disjunct distribution, pointing out that the Galapagos material is phylogenetically distinct, forming a sister node to specimens analyzed from Hawaii, which might suggest that Galapagos specimens may be a different, although cryptic sister species, source: Weber (1986; reported among/not distinguished from records of D. approximata), Aptroot & Sparrius (2008; as Dirina catalinariae), Tehler et al. (2013); Bungartz, F. 6164 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4796 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65346 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9486 A [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 3306 [CDS 26961], source: Bungartz et al. (2013b); Nugra, F. 13 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3306 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4105 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4972 A [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 4874 [CDS 29073], source: Bungartz et al. (2013b, c); Bungartz, F. 7793 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8111 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7740 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10333 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4813 [CDS 28977], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Ertz 11821 [CDS 37180], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8178 [CDS 40824], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6633 [CDS 34853], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6596 [CDS 34816], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8833 [CDS 45651], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4859 [CDS 29055], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6432 [CDS 34647], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 10352 [CDS 52326], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 7008 [CDS 36515], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, just E of Darwin Station, Academy Bay, exposed point, just above high tide mark, on rock, 10-Apr-1967, Weber, W.A. & Lanier, J. s.n. [COLO 297761 (L-63675) – holotype!; further isotypes also distributed as Weber, Lich. Exs. [Boulder (Colorado)] no. 500], source: Weber (1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Bungartz et al. (2020); Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 2136 [CDS], Truong, C. 1540 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3444 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6933 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 64140 [CDS 30703]; originally erroneously reported by Bungartz et al. (2013c) as Phyrrospora quernea, source: Bungartz et al. (2013c), Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador: Galápagos: Isla Floreana. just N of Black Beach, lava flow near the shore, on bark of Bursera, 24-Apr-1976, Weber, W.A. s.n. & Lanier, J. (COLO 294539, L-62983 – holotype!), source: Guderley (1999), Bungartz et al. (2020); Bungartz, F. 7574 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6272 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7940 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7501 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 65158 [CDS 31741], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 65410 [CDS 31996], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Hillmann GAL-10 [CDS 44773], source: Bungartz et al. (2013c); Hillmann, G. GAL-10 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63130 [CDS], Nugra, F. 47 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Sán Cristóbal, trail from Cerro Pelado to El Ripioso, 0°52’S, 89°28’W, 392 m, transition zone, Psidium guajava forest with some old Hippomane mancinella trees and dense understory of Rubus niveus, Tournefortia rufosericea and Zanthoxylum fagara, on bark, S-exposed side of inclined Hippomane mancinella trunk (ca. 20 cm in diameter), semi-shaded, wind- and rain-sheltered, August 2008, Bungartz 8516 (CDS 41162 – holotype!, F – isotype!), source: Lumbsch et al. (2011); Clerc, P. 08-295 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3987 [CDS], Truong, C. 1509 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8516 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 65667 [CDS 32258], source: Knudsen & Bungartz (2014); Aptroot, A. 65671 A [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4762 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65667 [CDS]
[Phaeoplaca tortuca Søchting & Bungartz]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 3644 [CDS 27462], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6417 [CDS 34632], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6516 [CDS 34733], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 5888 [CDS 33565], source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019); Bungartz, F. 5888 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, vicinity of Academy Bay, just N of Research Station, dry zone, below barranco, on huge boulder of a talus slope, 15-Feb-1964, Weber, W.A. 403 (L-40540, COLO 192658 – holotype!), source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6187 [CDS 34399], source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019); Bungartz, F. 6187 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 9881 [CDS 47219], source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019); Clerc, P. 08-163 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11879 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6791 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7810 [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 4624 [CDS 28711], source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019); Bungartz, F. 4624 [CDS]
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 10207 [CDS 47626], source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019); Bungartz, F. 10207 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: COLO 294622, source: Bungartz & Spielmann (2019)
endemic to Galapagos, Type (FH): Ecuador. Galápagos: on bark, coll. Rev. T. Hill, Hassler Expedition [FH-Tuck 60330 – holotype (not seen); US 69128 – isotype!]; F. Bungartz: holotype not found during visit to FH, possibly on loan to I. Messuti, one specimen in COLO, collected and identified by Weber as P. albinea [COLO 188868 (L-40346)]; Tuckerman (1877) described this species based on material collected in the Galapagos Islands by H. Willey during the Hassler Expedition of 1872; consequently, the name has priority over Pertusaria albinea Müll.Arg. (Bulletin de l’Herbier Boissier 3: 639, 1895), source: Bungartz et al. (2015), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Farlow (1902), Stewart (1912), Weber (1966, 1986); Bungartz, F. 7379 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65389 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11748 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4066 [CDS 27996], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 65073 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65075 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4066 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Spielmann 10594 [CDS 51961], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Spielmann, A.A. 10572 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10571 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10388 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10554 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 7712 [CDS 38214], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 9643 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1756 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4268 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9648 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 10070 [CDS 47465], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Clerc, P. 08-135 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9281 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10070 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64698 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Aptroot 64089 [CDS 30650], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 64089 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-393 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6635 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65738 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Nugra 451 [CDS 36765], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 10024 [CDS], Nugra, F. 451 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Pinzón, E-facing side of a valley on the W-slope of the highest mountain, 0°36'49''S, 90°40'14''W, 294 m alt., transition zone, E-facing basalt cliff, Scalesia baurii ssp. baurii and Polypodium tridens growing on the basalt cliff, on top and flat slope of sunny, wind- and rain-exposed basalt boulder, 16 Feb 2006, Bungartz 3608 (CDS27426 – holotype!), source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Clerc, P. 08-267 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7417 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65708 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4288 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4793 [CDS 28925], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Bungartz, F. 4793 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65571 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4140 [CDS 28171], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Aptroot, A. 65694 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7715 [CDS], Ertz, D. 11891 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64889 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 5837 [CDS 33512], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Herrera-Campos, M.A. GAL-485 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8657 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 5837 [CDS], Truong, C. 1510 [CDS], more...
[Lepra xantholeucoides (Müll. Arg.) I. Schmitt, A.W. Archer & Lumbsch]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4755 [CDS 28887], source: Bungartz et al. (2015); Ertz, D. 11786 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7725 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7425 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4755 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6606 [CDS 34826], source: Bungartz et al. (2009); Aptroot, A. 64870 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6606 [CDS]
native, questionably endem., according to Weber (1986 p. 478) the type of this species designated by Zahlbruckner (Ann. Mycol. 29:86. 1831) is deposited in Vienna (Floreana, Post Office Bay, Herre s.n.; W); Weber (1986) cites several specimens in COLO that he considers identical [L-40343 COLO 188855 (erroneously as L-30434); L-40198 COLO 189935; L-4038, COLO 188941; and L-40449 COLO 193411]; he emphasizes that he disagrees with Thompson (1963 p. 14) who, based on Zahlbruckner, Krypt. Exs. no. 3170, suggested that the species, contrary to the protologue, is not sorediate, but fertile; Weber points out that exsiccate specimens must not necessarily be considered identical with Zahlbruckner's type, further suggesting that the exsiccata might be a mixture of both P. insularis and P. mexicana; it is not clear, however, if Weber (1986 p. 478) has actually seen type material, when he annotated one specimen (L-40343, COLO 188855) as "p.p.; exactly matching the type", source: Thomson (1963), Weber (1966, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens); on Sarcographa tricosa, native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 5759 [CDS 33415], source: Hyde et al. (2019); Bungartz, F. 5759 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Ertz 11813 [CDS 37172], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
native, questionably endem., Benítez et al. (2019) reported R. darwiniana also from continental Ecuador, presumabls the typical variety, but these specimens from the continent should be re-examined, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007)
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, Puerto Ayora, near the Charles Darwin Research Station, 0°44'32''S, 90°18'10''W, alt. 5 m, on twigs of coastal shrubs, 24 May 2005, A. Aptroot 63029 (CDS no. 29757 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype) , source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10614 [CDS], Simbaña, W. 562 [CDS], Truong, C. 1504 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10415 [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Plaza Sur Island, 0°34'59''S, 90°9'54''W, alt. 1 m, coastal zone; eastern part with scattered and low vegetation of Sesuvium portulacastrum & Tiquilia galapagoa with occasional Opuntia, western part also with scattered shrubs of Grabowskia boerhaaviaefolia, Maytenus octogona, and Castela galapageia, on wood, twig, 21 February 2006, Aptroot, A. 64433 (CDS no. 31001 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype) ; the species was until recently considered endemic to the Galapagos, but Benítez et al. (2019) reported R. darwiniana also from continental Ecuador, the records upon which these reports are based need to be re-examined, source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10778 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64164 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7038 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64172 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, IUCN: Vulnerable A3b, c; in Weber (1986) as Niebla sp. nov. ined.; Typus: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla San Cristóbal, near Tortugueria Cerro Colorado, on lava cliff, 130 m alt., 2-June-2005, Aptroot, A. 63419 (CDS 30174 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype), source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Bungartz, F. 6575 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10185 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-331 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6306 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Isabela, Volcán Alcedo, highest cinder cone along the trail going up the east slope, on bark of Bursera graveolens, 250 m alt., 10-March-2006, Aptroot, A. 65029 (CDS 31611 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype), source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Bungartz, F. 6415 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64151 A [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10604 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6382 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, IUCN: Vulnerable A3b,c (preliminary assessment); Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, on coastal lava cliffs E of Puerto Ayora near Charles Darwin Research Station, 20 m alt., 29-May-2005, Aptroot, A. 63412 (CDS 30176 ‒ holotype!; hb. Aptroot ‒ isotype), source: Aptroot & Bungartz (2007); Aptroot, A. 64158 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-60 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64372 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9781 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santiago, ca. 5 km inland from the E-coast; 0° 16' S, 90° 37' W; Bungartz 5208 (CDS 29421 ‒ holotype!) ; previously reported as Carbacanthographis saxiseda (Bungartz et al., 2010) but was found to represent an undescribed taxon (Lücking et al. 2013), source: Lücking et al. (2103), Bungartz et al. (2009), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Weber (1993); Bungartz, F. 5208 [CDS]
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Weber 433 [COLO 190377; L-40874], source: Bungartz et al. (2016)
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Aptroot 63706 [CDS 30261], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Aptroot, A. 64205 B [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63706 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9212 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63702 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Nugra 486 [CDS 37047], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 9392 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6372 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8819 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64205 A [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 3886 [CDS 27768], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 4725 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64994 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8450 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3416 A [CDS], more...
native, questionably endem., Holotype: Bungartz 4745 [CDS 28856], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Aptroot, A. 63711 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4872 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6515 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4880 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 10362 [CDS 52602], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Spielmann, A.A. 10507 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10362 [CDS], Nugra, F. 1057 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10358 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4450 [CDS 28536], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 4450 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4792 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6314 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 3890 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4963 [CDS 29176], source: Bungartz et al. (2016); Bungartz, F. 5638 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63267 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8680 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 63687 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, IUCN: Vulnerable A3b,c (preliminary assessment); Holotype: Tehler 8653 [CDS 40614], source: Tehler et al. (2009); Tehler, A. 8733 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 6507 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8842 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8659 [CDS], more...
[Roccella capitata B. Werner nom. inval., Roccella colonii Follmann, Roccella fusca B. Werner pro syn. et nom. nud., Roccella geniculata Follmann & B. Werner, Roccella glebaria B. Werner & Follmann, Roccella obscurissima Follmann & B. Werner]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype of R. galapagoensis: Weber, W.A. s.n. [L-39130, B-128674 (Follmann, G. 25153); holotype of R. colonii: Weber, W.A. s.n. & Lanier, J. (COLO-294638); holotype of R. geniculata (= R. fusca nom. nud.): Pike 2519 (COLO-255637); holotype of R. glebaria: Sánchez-Pinto 6610-C [B-128667 (should be in TFMC 6610-C)]; holotype of R. obscurissima: Sánchez-Pinto 5070 (B-128640, previously in KOELN 34029); original material of Roccella capitata nom. inval.: Sánchez-Pinto 6609 (B-128701), source: Weber (1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998), Schofield (1984), Follmann (2001), Tehler (2007), Tehler et al. (2009); Aptroot, A. 64443 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8769 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8697 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8732 [CDS], more...
[Roccella margaritifera f. octopodioides B. Werner nom. inval., Roccella octopodioides Follmann nom. nud.]
endemic to Galapagos, according to Tehler (2009) the type of Roccella margaritifera is: Galapagos Islands, San Cristóbal, Lobería Pto Baquerizo, 1991, Sánchez-Pinto 6616 [holotype: B-128629 (Follmann no. 34900); isotype: TFMC], and the original material (not a type, because nom.nud. & nom. inval.) of 'R. octopodioides' Follmann nom inval. (= 'Roccella margaritifera f. octopodioides B. Werner nom. inval.) is: Galapagos Islands, Santa Cruz, Cerro Colorado, 1990, Sánchez-Pinto 7001 (B-128627) [transferred from KOELN 34900], source: Werner (2000), Follmann (2001), Tehler et al. (2009), Tehler (2007); Arturo, X. s.n. [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4512 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8790 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8670 [CDS], more...
[Roccella botrytis B. Werner pro syn. et nom. superfl., Roccella floreana B. Werner nom. orth., pro. syn. et nom superfl., Roccella floribrassica B. Werner, Roccella floteana Follmann nom. nud. et nom. laps, Roccella incurvata B. Werner pro syn. et nom. superfl., Roccella kappeniana Follmann & B. Werner, Roccella stipitata B. Werner & Follmann, Roccella translucida Follmann & B. Werner, Roccellodea nigerrima Darb.]
endemic to Galapagos, Lectotype selected by Tehler (2007): Hill s.n. (FH), source: Follmann (2001), Tehler (2007), Tehler et al. (2009); Tehler, A. 8743 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7142 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4511 [CDS], Tehler, A. 8773 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 6146 [CDS 34358], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Yánez-Ayabaca 2023 [CDS 48373], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b)
endemic to Galapagos, Syntypes: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Isabela, Volcán Cerro Azul, SW-coast, Cerro Azul, between Iguana Cove and summit, 700 m altitude, steep grassy slopes, on fixed boulders above the wooded zone, 17-Jan-1984, Weber, W.A. s.n. & Beck, H. [distributed as Weber, Lich. Exs. [Boulder (Colorado) no. 645; holotype not correctly designated, needs lectotypification; L-83667 (4 duplicates all with same number)! ‒ syntypes], source: Weber (1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Bungartz, F. 7420 B [CDS], Bungartz, F. 7471 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 8352 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64791 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galápagos: Isla Santa Cruz, summit of Mt. Crocker, 800 m altitude, locally abundant on bare rocks, 1-Jan-1976, Weber, W.A. s.n., Lanier, J. [FH 79563 ‒ holotype!; L-72340, COLO 355791 ‒isotype!]; specimens distributed as Weber, Lich. Exs. [Boulder (Colorado) no.494 are not isotypes, but originally identified as Stereocaulon microcarpon, source: Lamb (1977), Weber (1981, 1986), Elix & McCarthy (1998); Truong, C. 1255 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10708 [CDS], Spielmann, A.A. 10504 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4787 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Ertz 11794 [CDS 37153], source: Ertz et al. (2011); Aptroot, A. 65760 [CDS], Nugra, F. 564 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65709 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 65477 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Truong 1127 [CDS 39438]; according to Bungartz et al. (2018) sorediate specimens are similar to Usnea fragilescens and U. cornuta, source: Truong & Clerc (2016), Bungartz et al. (2018); Aptroot, A. 65148 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 9704 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-337 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4459 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Type: Ecuador. Galapagos: Isla San Cristóbal, Cerro Mundo, at the top of the rock cliffs on the S side close to the summit, 00°53’S, 89°34’W, 282 m, transition zone with Bursera graveolens, Croton scouleri and Jasminocereus thouarsii, on Jasminocereus thouarsii on the ridge, August 2008, Clerc, P. 08-405 & Truong, C. (CDS 40259 ‒ holotype!, G ‒ isotypes) ; CMA: 16/3/61.5; chemistry: usnic acid, unknown medullary metabolite reacting UV+ green after charring, source: Herrera-Campos et al. (1998), Lumbsch et al. (2011), Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-405 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10792 [CDS], Nugra, F. 632 B [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-404 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Yánez-Ayabaca 1895 [CDS 48250], source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Clerc, P. 08-208 [CDS], Yánez-Ayabaca, A. 1895 [CDS]
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Clerc 08-213 [CDS 40067], source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Bungartz, F. 8355 [CDS], Truong, C. 1223 [CDS], Truong, C. 1162 [CDS], Clerc, P. 08-243 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Truong 1427 [CDS 39738], source: Bungartz et al. (2018); Truong, C. 1427 [CDS], Herrera-Campos, M.A. 10554 A [CDS], Truong, C. 1431 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 10328 [CDS], more...
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 8117 [CDS 40763], source: Bungartz et al. (2018)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Nugra 279 [CDS 33195], source: Bungartz et al. (2020)
endemic to Galapagos, Holotype: Bungartz 4417 [CDS 28502], source: Bungartz et al. (2020b); Weber, W.A. s.n. [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64946 [CDS], Aptroot, A. 64925 [CDS], Bungartz, F. 4417 [CDS], more...
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