Lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental US & Canada (Version 22)
Authors: Ted Esslinger
Citation: This version (Version #22, 29 January 2018) of the checklist is being simultaneously published online by North Dakota State University, and in Opuscula Philolichenum 17: 6-268.
Locality: Continental United States of America and Canada
Abstract:

Version 22 of the checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi occurring in North America north of Mexico is presented. It includes a total of 5,561 species in 755 genera, with an additional 41 subspecies, 44 varieties, and 3 forms. The total species number includes 615 lichenicolous fungi, 107 saprophytic fungi related to lichens or to lichenicolous fungi, and another 53 species of varying and/or uncertain biological status.

Please click here to download the Reference List as a PDF.

PLEASE NOTE: Version #23 has recently been published on 19 September 2019; the current list here is now being updated.

Notes: The original checklist and its previous versions is available online at this website of North Dakota State University.

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Families: 171
Genera: 764
Species: 5560
Total Taxa: 5600

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source: Ferraro, Lücking & Sérusiaux (2001)
source: Sanders & de los Ríos (2015)
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
source: Lücking et al. (2011b)
source: Buck & Sérusiaux (2000)
[Solorinella asteriscus Anzi, Solorinella asteriscus subsp. nigrescens (G. Thor) Vezda, Lumbsch & Øvstedal, Solorinella nigrescens G. Thor]
source: Aptroot & Lücking (2003)
[Gyalecta fritzei Stein, Gyalecta fritzei var. fritzei Stein, Gyalecta fritzei var. kutakii Servít, Gyalecta lecideopsis var. fritzei (Stein) Vezda]
source: Hutten et al. (2013)
[Bacidia hyalinescens (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bilimbia hyalinescens (Nyl.) Boistel, Gyalecta hyalinescens (Nyl.) Vězda, Lecidea hyalinescens Nyl.]
[Cappellettia lecideopsis (A. Massal.) Tomas. & Cif., Gyalecta lecideopsis A. Massal., Gyalecta lecideopsis var. lecideopsis A. Massal.]
[Gyalecta roseola Arnold]
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Lendemer (2017)
[Gyalideopsis buckei Lücking, Sérus. & Vězda, Tricharia vezdae W. R. Buck]
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
[Microlychnus epicorticis A. Funk]
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
[Paragyalideopsis floridae (Etayo & Diederich) Etayo]
source: Etayo & Diederich (2001)
source: Spribille & Björk (2008)
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
source: Lendemer (2011a), Lendemer & Tripp (2014)
source: Lendemer & Lücking (2004)
[Gyalideopsis alnicola W.J. Noble & Vězda, Lecidea piceicola Nyl.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Lücking & Tønsberg (2016)
source: Sanders & Lücking (2015)
[Amphiloma bracteatum (Hoffm.) Körb., Berengeria bracteata (Hoffm.) Trevis., Caloplaca bracteata (Hoffm.) Jatta, Caloplaca bracteata f. bracteata (Hoffm.) Jatta, Caloplaca bracteata var. bracteata (Hoffm.) Jatta, Fulgensia bracteata (Hoffm.) Räsänen, Fulgensia bracteata var. bracteata (Hoffm.) Räsänen, Lecanora bracteata (Hoffm.) Röhl., Lichen bracteatus (Hoffm.) Ach., Placodium bracteatum (Hoffm.) Nyl., Placodium fulgens var. bracteatum (Hoffm.) Müll.Arg., Psora bracteata Hoffm., Sporoblastia bracteata (Hoffm.) Trevis., Squamaria bracteata (Hoffm.) H. Olivier]
[Caloplaca bracteata f. deformis Erichsen, Caloplaca bracteata var. deformis Erichsen, Fulgensia bracteata subsp. deformis Poelt]
[Caloplaca bracteata f. alpina (Th. Fr.) Zahlbr., Fulgensia bracteata var. alpina (Th. Fr.) Räsänen, Lecanora bracteata f. alpina (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr., Lecanora fulgens f. alpina (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr., Lecanora fulgens var. alpina (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr., Placodium bracteatum f. alpinum (Th. Fr.) Arnold, Placodium bracteatum var. alpinum (Th. Fr.) Arnold, Placodium fulgens var. alpinum Th. Fr., Squamaria bracteata f. alpina (Th. Fr.) H. Olivier, Squamaria bracteata var. alpina (Th. Fr.) H. Olivier]
[Fulgensia desertorum (Tomin) Poelt, Fulgensia desertorum f. desertorum (Tomin) Poelt, Placodium desertorum Tomin]
[Caloplaca arizonica H. Magn., Caloplaca epiphyta Lynge, Caloplaca juniperi Poelt & Hinter., Caloplaca juniperina Tomin, Caloplaca laricina Rondon, Caloplaca tarani S.Y. Kondr., Tchaban., Galanina & Yakovch., Gyalolechia arizonica (H. Magn.) Søchting, Frödén & Arup, Gyalolechia juniperina (Tomin) Søchting, Frödén & Arup, Opeltia arizonica (H. Magn.) S.Y. Kondr. & Lőkös, Opeltia juniperina (Tomin) S.Y. Kondr. & Lőkös]
source: Vondrák et al. (2016)
[Callopisma aurantiacum var. subgilvum Müll.Arg., Caloplaca aurantiaca f. dealbata Th. Fr., Caloplaca aurantiaca f. fulva Zahlbr., Caloplaca aurantiaca var. diffracta Lojka, Caloplaca aurantiaca var. ecrustacea Erichsen, Caloplaca aurantiaca var. suberythrella (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Caloplaca aurantiaca var. subgilva (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Caloplaca aurantiaca var. velana (A. Massal.) Flagey, Caloplaca flavorubescens (Hudson) J. R. Laundon, Caloplaca flavorubescens f. flavorubescens (Huds.) J.R. Laundon, Caloplaca flavorubescens f. microthelia (Ach.) Verseghy, Caloplaca flavorubescens subsp. flavorubescens (Huds.) J.R. Laundon, Caloplaca flavorubescens var. flavorubescens (Huds.) J.R. Laundon, Lecanora aurantiaca var. microthelia (Ach.) Nyl., Lichen flavorubescens Huds., Parmelia microthelia Ach.]
[Biatora aurantiaca var. erythrella (Ach.) Mont., Blastenia flavovirescens (Wulfen) B. de Lesd., Callopisma aurantiacum var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) A. Massal., Callopisma aurantiacum var. inalpinum (Ach.) Arnold, Callopisma flavovirescens (Wulfen) A. Massal., Callopisma flavovirescens f. flavovirescens (Wulfen) A. Massal., Caloplaca aurantiaca var. erythrella (Ach.) Th. Fr., Caloplaca aurantiaca var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Th. Fr., Caloplaca aurantiaca var. inalpina (Ach.) H. Magn., Caloplaca erythrella (Ach.) Kieff., Caloplaca flavorubescens subsp. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Caloplaca flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Caloplaca flavovirescens f. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Caloplaca flavovirescens var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Caloplaca flavovirescens var. inalpina (Ach.) Zahlbr., Laundonia flavovirescens (Wulfen) S.Y. Kondr., Lőkös & Hur, Lecanora aurantiaca f. erythrella (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora aurantiaca f. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Hoffm., Lecanora aurantiaca subsp. erythrella (Ach.) Nyl. ex Cromb., Lecanora aurantiaca var. erythrella (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora aurantiaca var. inalpina (Ach.) Leight., Lecanora erythrella (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora erythrella var. erythrella (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora flavovirescens (Wulfen) Duby, Lecanora inalpina Ach., Lecanora salicina var. erythrella (Ach.) Sommerf., Lecidea aurantiaca var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Schaer., Lecidea erythrella (Ach.) Schaer., Lecidea erythrella var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Schaer., Lecidea flavovirescens (Wulfen) Fr., Lichen erythrellus Ach., Lichen flavovirescens Wulfen, Parmelia erythrella (Ach.) Ach., Patellaria flavovirescens (Wulfen) Hoffm., Placodium aurantiacum var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Naeg. ex Hepp, Placodium aurantiacum var. inalpinum (Ach.) H. Magn., Placodium flavovirescens (Wulfen) Vain., Placodium flavovirescens var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Vain., Rinodina erythrella (Ach.) Gray, Verrucaria flavovirescens (Wulfen) Hoffm., Zeora aurantiaca var. flavovirescens (Wulfen) Flot.]
[Biatora fulgens (Sw.) Fr., Caloplaca fulgens Körb., Caloplaca fulgens var. fulgens Körb., Fulgensia fulgens (Sw.) Elenkin, Fulgensia fulgens var. fulgens (Sw.) Elenkin, Lecanora friabilis var. fulgens (Sw.) Rabenh., Lecanora fulgens (Sw.) Ach., Lichen fulgens Sw., Parmelia friabilis var. fulgens (Sw.) Schaer., Parmelia fulgens (Sw.) Ach., Patellaria fulgens (Sw.) Wallr., Placodium fulgens (Sw.) DC., Placodium fulgens var. fulgens (Sw.) DC., Psoroma fulgens (Sw.) A. Massal., Squamaria fulgens (Sw.) Hook., Zeora fulgens (Sw.) Flot.]
[Caloplaca stipitata Wetmore, Yoshimuria stipitata (Wetmore) S.Y. Kondr.]
[Caloplaca incrustans var. subbracteata (Nyl.) Boistel,, Caloplaca subbracteata (Nyl.) Lettau, Fulgensia subbracteata (Nyl.) Poelt, Lecanora subbracteata Nyl., Protoblastenia incrustans var. subbracteata (Nyl.) Zahlbr.]
[Callopisma xanthostigmoideum (Räsänen) Räsänen, Caloplaca discolor (Willey) Fink, Caloplaca ferruginea var. discolor (Willey) Zahlbr., Caloplaca xanthostigmoidea (Räsänen) Zahlbr., Placodium ferrugineum f. discolor Willey ex Tuck., Placodium xanthostigmoidea Räsänen]
[Lecidea macrophylla Zahlbr., Lecidea macrophylla var. macrophylla Zahlbr.]
[Graphis gyrocarpa (Flot.) Spreng., Opegrapha gyrocarpa Flotow, Opegrapha saxicola var. gyrocarpa (Flot.) Stizenb.]
source: Ertz et al. (2015b)
[Haematomma puniceum var. accolens (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Lecania punicea var. accolens (Stirt.) Müll. Arg., Lecanora punicea var. accolens Stirt.]
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
[Haematomma saxicola R.W. Rogers, Lecanora fenzliana (A. Massal.) Stizenb.]
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
source: Brodo et al. (2008)
source: Brodo et al. (2008)
[Biatora callosyne (Ach.) Fr., Haematomma coccineum (Dicks.) Körb., Haematomma coccineum f. coccineum (Dicks.) Körb., Haematomma coccineum f. leiphaemium (Ach.) Körb., Haematomma coccineum var. abortivum (Hepp) Hesse{?}, Haematomma coccineum var. coccineum (Dicks.) Körb., Haematomma coccineum var. fuscocinereum Almb., Haematomma coccineum var. leiphaemium (Ach.) Räsänen, Haematomma coccineum var. porphyricum Th. Fr., Haematomma coccineum var. porphyrium (Pers.) Th. Fr., Haematomma leiphaemium (Ach.) Zopf, Haematomma ochroleucum var. ochroleucum (Neck.) J.R. Laundon, Haematomma ochroleucum var. porphyrium (Pers.) J.R. Laundon, Haematomma porphyrium (Pers.) Zopf, Lecania coccinea (Dicks.) Müll. Arg., Lecanora coccinea (Dicks.) Cromb., Lecanora haematomma (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecanora haematomma var. coccinea Ach., Lecanora haematomma var. haematomma (Ehrh.) Ach., Lecanora porphyria (Pers.) Röhl., Lecidea callosyne Ach., Lecidea haematomma (Ehrh.) Ach., Lepadolemma haematomma (Ehrh.) Gray, Lepra leiphaema (Ach.) Mérat, Lepraria leiphaema Ach., Lichen coccineus Dicks., Lichen haematomma Ehrh., Lichen haematomma var. haematomma Ehrh., Lichen haematomma var. porphyrius Pers., Lichen ochroleucus Neck., Ophioparma haematomma (Ehrh.) Norman, Parmelia haematomma (Ehrh.) Ach., Patellaria haematomma (Ehrh.) DC., Patellaria haematomma f. abortiva Hepp, Patellaria haematomma f. haematomma (Ehrh.) DC., Psora haematomma (Ehrh.) Hampe, Rinodina haematomma (Ehrh.) Gray, Rinodina porphyria (Pers.) Gray, Verrucaria haematomma (Ehrh.) Hoffm., Verrucaria porphyria (Pers.) Hoffm., Zeora haematomma (Ehrh.) Flot.]
[Lecanora persoonii Fée]
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
[Lecanora rufidula Fée]
source: Staiger & Kalb (1995)
[Buellia fosteri (Imshaug & Sheard) Perlmutter & Rivas Plata]
Hafellia fosteri Imshaug & Sheard should be transferred to Buellia (the genus name Hafellia is no longer available, since the conserved type of Buellia is also the type of Hafellia).
[Lecania alpivaga Th. Fr., Lecania disceptans (Nyl.) Lynge, Lecania thallophila H. Magn., Lecanora disceptans Nyl.]
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004a)
[Lecania pepegospora H. Magn.]
source: van den Boom & Elix (2005)
source: Lücking et al. (2011a, 2011b)
[Merismatium discrepans (J. Lahm) Triebel, Polyblastia discrepans J. Lahm]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Dillman et al. (2012)
source: Schultz et al. (2000)
[Ramularia peltigericola D. Hawksw.,]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
source: Nelsen & Lücking (2010 [2011])
[Graphis leprevostii (Fée) Mont.]
[Lecidea crassipes (Th. Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea crassipes f. crassipes (Th. Fr.) Nyl., Lecidea crassipes f. minor Nyl. ex Norrl., Lecidea crassipes f. pulverula Th. Fr., Lecidea crassipes f. pulverulentum Th. Fr., Micarea crassipes (Th. Fr.) Coppins]
[Helocarpon corticola Breuss]
source: Breuss (2001)
source: Breuss (2002c)
[Anthracothecium melasporum (Taylor) Müll. Arg., Lithoicea scotinospora (Nyl.) Flagey, Polyblastia melaspora (Taylor) Zahlbr., Polyblastia scotinospora (Nyl.) Hellb., Polyblastia scotinospora var. scotinospora (Nyl.) Hellb., Polyblastia scotinospora var. subsphaeroidea Räsänen, Polyblastia subinumbrata (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Sphaeromphale scotinospora (Nyl.) Mudd, Verrucaria melaspora Taylor, Verrucaria scotinospora Nyl., Verrucaria subinumbrata Nyl.]
source: Savić & Tibell (2008)
[Polyblastia theleodes (Sommerf.) Th. Fr., Verrucaria theleodes Sommerf.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Savić & Tibell (2008)
[Lecanora adglutinata Kremp., Pannaria adglutinata (Kremp.) Nyl.]
[Anema dodgei Herre, Solorina despreauxii Mont., Solorinaria despreauxii Mont.]
source: Büdel et al. (2002), (Schultz 2007b)
[Collema lutosum Ach., Heppia brisbanensis F. Wilson, Pannaria lutosa (Ach.) Nyl.]
Herpothallon hyposticticum Seavey & J. Seavey 2014 is a later and therefore illegitimate homonym of H. hyposticticum Bungartz & Elix 2013. , source: Seavey & Seavey (2014a)
[Chiodecton rubrocinctum (Ehrenb.) Nyl., Chiodecton sanguineum (Sw.) Vain., Chiodecton sanguineum f. sanguineum (Sw.) Vain., Chiodecton sanguineum var. lutescens Vain., Chiodecton sanguineum var. sanguineum (Sw.) Vain., Corticium rubrocinctum (Ehrenb.) Bres., Cryptothecia rubrocincta (Ehrenb.:Fr.) Thor, Herpothallon sanguineum (Sw.) Tobler, Herpothallon sanguineum f. sanguineum (Sw.) Tobler, Hypochnus rubrocinctus Ehrenb., Hypochnus sanguineus (Sw.) Kuntze, Thelephora sanguinea Sw.]
[Bacidia alaskensis (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea alaskensis Nyl.]
source: Ekman (1996)
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Lendemer et al. (2016c)
[Biatora botryosa Fr., Lecidea botryosa (Fr.) Th. Fr., Patellaria botryosa (Fr.) Spreng.]
source: Printzen & Kantvilas (2004)
[Endocarpon ochroleucum Tuck.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
[Syzygospora bachmannii Diederich & M. S. Crist.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McMullin et al. (2017), Zhurbenko & Pino-Bodas (2017)
[Acolium leucampyx (Tuck.) Tuck., Acolium leucampyx var. leucampyx (Tuck.) Tuck., Acolium leucampyx var. minor B. de Lesd., Cyphelium leucampyx (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cyphelium leucampyx var. leucampyx (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Cyphelium leucampyx var. minor (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Trachylia leucampyx Tuck., Tylophoron triloculare Müll.Arg.]
[Anaptychia domingensis (Ach.) A. Massal., Anaptychia ravenelii (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Parmelia albicans Pers., Physcia albicans (Pers.) J.W. Thomson, Physcia albicans f. albicans (Pers.) J.W. Thomson, Polyblastidium albicans (Pers.) S.Y. Kondr., Lőkös & Hur]
[Anaptychia appalachensis Kurok., Leucodermia appalachensis (Kurok.) Kalb]
[Anaptychia boryi (Fée) Mass., Anaptychia boryi var. boryi (Fée) A. Massal., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena Kurok., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena f. neoleucomelaena Kurok., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena f. sorediosa (Jatta) Kurok., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena f. squarrosa (Vain.) Kurok., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena var. neoleucomelaena Kurok., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena var. squarrosa (Vain.) Kurok., Heterodermia boryi f. boryi (Fée) Kr.P. Singh & S.R. Singh, Heterodermia leucomelaena subsp. boryi (Fée) Swinscow & Krog, Heterodermia leucomelos subsp. boryi (Fée) Swinscow & Krog, Leucodermia boryi (Fée) Kalb]
[Anaptychia casarettiana A. Massal., Polyblastidium casarettianum (A. Massal.) Kalb]
[Anaptychia chondroidea (W.A. Weber & D.D. Awasthi) Kurok.]
[Anaptychia comosa (Eschw.) Trevis., Anaptychia comosa var. comosa (Eschw.) A. Massal., Anaptychia comosa var. plana Sambo, Heterodermia comosa var. comosa (Eschw.) Follmann & Redón, Heterodermia comosa var. plana Sambo, Parmelia comosa Eschw., Physcia comosa Nyl.]
source: Harris (1995b)
North American reports of H. corallophora belong here.
[Anaptychia dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica f. dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica f. esorediosa Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica f. hypoflavescens Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica f. microphyllina Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica var. colorata (Zahlbr.) Kurok., Anaptychia dendritica var. dendritica (Pers.) Vain., Anaptychia dendritica var. dissecta (Kurok.) Kurok., Borrera dendritica Pers., Heterodermia dendritica var. dendritica (Pers.) Poelt, Polyblastidium dendriticum (Pers.) Kalb]
[Anaptychia diademata (Taylor) Kurok., Anaptychia diademata f. angustata (Räsänen) Kurok., Anaptychia diademata f. brachyloba (Müll. Arg.) Kurok., Anaptychia diademata f. condensata (Kurok.) Kurok., Anaptychia diademata f. diademata (Taylor) Kurok., Anaptychia major (Nyl.) Vain., Anaptychia speciosa var. major (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Heterodermia major (Nyl.) Trevis., Parmelia diademata Taylor, Physcia major Nyl., Physcia speciosa var. major (Nyl.) Müll.Arg.]
[Anaptychia echinata (Taylor) Kurok., Parmelia echinata Taylor]
[Anaptychia erinacea (Ach.) Trevis., Physcia erinacea (Ach.) Tuck.]
[Anaptychia galactophylla (Tuck.) Trevis., Parmelia ciliaris var. galactophylla Tuck., Parmelia speciosa var. galactophylla (Tuck.) E. Michener, Physcia galactophylla (Tuck.) Nyl., Physcia latifolia var. galactophylla (Tuck.) Nyl., Physcia leucomelos var. galactophylla (Tuck.) Nyl., Physcia speciosa var. galactophylla (Tuck.) Tuck.]
North American records of Anaptychia comosa belong here.
[Anaptychia granulifera (Ach.) A. Massal., Parmelia granulifera Ach., Physcia granulifera (Ach.) Tuck., Physcia hypoleuca var. granulifera (Ach.) Hue, Squamaria granulifera (Ach.) A. Massal.]
[Anaptychia hypoleuca (Muhl.) Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. contractosorediosa Sambo, Anaptychia hypoleuca f. granulosa Kurok., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca (Muhl.) A. Massal., Anaptychia hypoleuca f. minutula Räsänen, Anaptychia hypoleuca f. rubescens Räsänen, Anaptychia hypoleuca var. fulvescens Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca (Muhl.) A. Massal., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. rottboellii Vain., Heterodermia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Heterodermia hypoleuca var. divergens Trass, Heterodermia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Parmelia hypoleuca Mühl., Parmelia hypoleuca f. coralloidea Müll.Arg., Parmelia hypoleuca f. hypoleuca Müll.Arg., Physcia hypoleuca (Mühl.) Tuck., Physcia hypoleuca var. hypoleuca Tuck., Physcia hypoleuca var. tremulans Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa var. hypoleuca (Mühl.) Nyl., Polyblastidium hypoleucum (Ach.) Kalb, Pseudophyscia hypoleuca (Mühl.) Hue]
[Anaptychia dendritica var. japonica M. Sat, Anaptychia dendritica var. propagulifera Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) Vain., Anaptychia japonica (M. Satô) Kurok., Anaptychia japonica var. japonica (M. Satô) Kurok., Anaptychia japonica var. reagens Kurok., Anaptychia propagulifera (Vain.) Ozenda & Clauzade, Anaptychia speciosa f. sorediifera (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia subheterochroa var. propagulifera (Vain.) Kurok., Heterodermia dendritica var. propagulifera (Vain.) Poelt, Heterodermia japonica var. japonica (M. Satô) Swinscow & Krog, Physcia speciosa f. sorediifera Müll.Arg., Polyblastidium japonicum (M. Satô) Kalb, Pseudophyscia speciosa var. hypoleuca]
[Anaptychia 'leucomelaena' (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelaena (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelaena f. leucomelaena, Anaptychia leucomelos (L.) Vain., Anaptychia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) A. Massal., Borrera leucomelos (L.) Ach., Hagenia leucomelos (L.) Schwend., Heterodermia leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena f. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena subsp. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelaena var. leucomelaena (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos f. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos subsp. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Heterodermia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Leucodermia leucomelos (L.) Kalb, Lichen leucomelos L., Lobaria leucomelos (L.) Raeusch., Parmelia leucomelos (L.) Ach., Parmelia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Ach., Parmelia speciosa var. leucomelos (L.) Eschw., Physcia leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia leucomelos f. leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia leucomelos var. leucomelos (L.) Michx., Physcia speciosa var. leucomelos (L.) Tuck., Teloschistes leucomelos (L.) A. Schneid., Xanthoria leucomelos (L.) Horw.]
[Anaptychia hypoleuca var. microphylla Kurok., Anaptychia microphylla (Kurok.) Kurok., Anaptychia microphylla f. granulosa (Kurok.) Kurok., Anaptychia microphylla f. microphylla (Kurok.) Kurok., Heterodermia microphylla f. microphylla (Kurok.) Skorepa, Polyblastidium microphyllum (Kurok.) Kalb]
source: Lendemer (2009a)
[Polyblastidium neglectum (Lendemer, R.C. Harris & Tripp) Kalb]
source: Lendemer et al. (2007)
[Anaptychia heterochroa Vain., Anaptychia hypoleuca var. colorata Zahlbr., Anaptychia obscurata (Nyl.) Vain., Anaptychia obscurata var. obscurata (Nyl.) Vain., Anaptychia obscurata var. serpens Vain., Anaptychia sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) Du Rietz & Lynge, Anaptychia sorediifera var. colorata (Zahlbr.) Nádv., Anaptychia sorediifera var. sorediifera (Müll. Arg.) Du Rietz & Lynge, Heppia obscuratula Nyl., Peltula obscuratula (Nyl.) Poelt ex Egea, Physcia obscurata Nyl.]
[Anaptychia podocarpa (Bél.) A. Massal., Anaptychia podocarpa var. conferta Vain., Anaptychia podocarpa var. podocarpa (Bél.) A. Massal., Heterodermia podocarpa var. podocarpa (Bél.) D.D. Awasthi, Parmelia podocarpa Bél., Physcia leucomelos var. podocarpa (Bél.) Nyl.]
source: Moberg & Nash (1999)
[Anaptychia pseudospeciosa Kurok., Anaptychia pseudospeciosa f. pseudospeciosa Kurok., Anaptychia pseudospeciosa f. tagawae Kurok., Anaptychia pseudospeciosa var. inactiva Kurok., Anaptychia pseudospeciosa var. pseudospeciosa Kurok.]
[Alectoria speciosa (Wulfen) A. Massal., Anaptychia pseudospeciosa var. tremulans (Müll. Arg.) Kurok., Anaptychia speciosa (Wulfen) A. Massal., Anaptychia speciosa f. brachyloba (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia speciosa f. cinerascens (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Anaptychia speciosa f. cubana B. de Lesd., Anaptychia speciosa f. foliolosa C. Moreau & M. Moreau, Anaptychia speciosa f. isidiosa (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia speciosa f. sorediosa (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia speciosa f. spathulata Vain., Anaptychia speciosa f. speciosa (Wulfen) A. Massal., Anaptychia speciosa f. subimbricata (Räsänen) M. Satô, Anaptychia speciosa var. angustiloba (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Anaptychia speciosa var. esorediata Vain., Anaptychia speciosa var. lineariloba Müll.Arg., Anaptychia speciosa var. lobulifera Vain., Anaptychia speciosa var. mexicana B. de Lesd., Anaptychia speciosa var. microspora Kurok., Anaptychia speciosa var. speciosa (Wulfen) A. Massal., Anaptychia speciosa var. stellata Tuck., Borrera speciosa (Wulfen) Mudd, Dimelaena speciosa (Wulfen) Norman, Hagenia speciosa (Wulfen) De Not., Heterodermia pseudospeciosa var. tremulans (Müll. Arg.) Kurok., Imbricaria speciosa (Wulfen) DC., Lichen speciosus Wulfen, Lobaria speciosa (Wulfen) Hoffm., Parmelia speciosa (Wulfen) Ach., Parmelia speciosa f. fagorum Britzelm., Parmelia speciosa f. speciosa (Wulfen) Ach., Physcia speciosa (Wulfen) Nyl., Physcia speciosa f. brachyloba Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa f. cinerascens Nyl., Physcia speciosa f. coralligera Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa f. pulvinigera Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa f. sorediosa Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa f. speciosa (Wulfen) Nyl., Physcia speciosa f. subgranulosa Tuck., Physcia speciosa var. angustiloba Müll.Arg., Physcia speciosa var. dactyliza Nyl., Physcia speciosa var. speciosa (Wulfen) Nyl., Pseudophyscia speciosa (Wulfen) Müll. Arg., Pseudophyscia speciosa var. speciosa (Wulfen) Müll. Arg., Squamaria speciosa (Wulfen) Frege, Xanthoria speciosa (Wulfen) Horw., Xanthoria speciosa var. hypoleuca (Muhl.) Horw., Xanthoria speciosa var. speciosa (Wulfen) Horw.]
[Anaptychia squamulosa Degel.]
[Anaptychia tropica Kurok.]
source: Marcano et al. (1996)
[Catapyrenium compactum (A. Massal.) R. Sant., Dermatocarpon compactum (A. Massal.) Lettau, Endocarpon compactum (A. Massal.) Nyl., Endopyrenium compactum (A. Massal.) Körb., Placidium compactum A. Massal., Placocarpus compactus (A. Massal.) Trevis., Rhodocarpon compactum (A. Massal.) Lönnr., Verrucaria compacta (A. Massal.) Jatta]
# = various fungi of uncertain status: e.g.: those which are questionably or weakly lichen-forming; or algicolous/saprophytic; or parasitic when young but saprophytic or lichen-forming when mature; or lichenicolous lichens., source: Prieto et al. (2012)
[Catapyrenium congestum Breuss & McCune]
# = various fungi of uncertain status: e.g.: those which are questionably or weakly lichen-forming; or algicolous/saprophytic; or parasitic when young but saprophytic or lichen-forming when mature; or lichenicolous lichens., source: Knudsen et al. (2014a)
[Verrucaria zamenhofiana Clauzade & Roux]
source: Kocourková et al. (2012)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Diederich (2003)
[Homostegia dermatocarpae Alstrup & M.S. Cole]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Alstrup & Cole (1998)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Hawksworth et al. (2004)
[Dothidea piggotii Berk. & Broome]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Esslinger & Egan (1995)
[Reinkella californica Räsänen]
[Reinkella parishii Hasse, Schizopelte parishii (Hasse) Ertz & Tehler]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Huhtinen et al. (2008)
[Verrucaria aractina Wahlenb., Verrucaria maura Wahlenb., Verrucaria maura f. athocincta Erichsen, Verrucaria maura f. malmei (Servít) Servít, Verrucaria maura f. maura Wahlenb., Verrucaria maura var. aractina (Wahlenb.) Torss., Verrucaria maura var. maura Wahlenb., Verrucaria pseudomemnonia Zschacke, Verrucaria scotina Wedd., Verrucaria zschackeana Erichsen]
[Verrucaria kernstockii Zschacke, Verrucaria kernstockii f. kernstockii Zschacke, Verrucaria kernstockii f. minutipuncta (Erichsen) Servít, Verrucaria kernstockii var. kernstockii Zschacke, Verrucaria kernstockii var. olivicolor Servít, Verrucaria rheitrophila Zschacke, Verrucula rheitrophila (Zschacke) M. Choisy]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21)
[Ionaspis arctica Lynge, Ionaspis epulotica var. arctica (Lynge) H. Magn.]
[Aspicilia cyanocarpa Anzi, Lecanora cyanocarpa (Anzi) Nyl.]
source: Miller et al. (2005)
[Aspicilia epulotica (Ach.) Anzi, Biatora epulotica (Ach.) Hepp, Gyalecta epulotica Ach., Gyalecta epulotica f. epulotica Ach., Gyalecta epulotica f. superficialis Grognot, Gyalecta epulotica f. varians Grognot, Gyalecta epulotica var. confluens Grognot, Gyalecta epulotica var. epulotica Ach., Ionaspis epulotica (Ach.) Arnold, Ionaspis epulotica f. epulotica (Ach.) Blomb. & Forssell, Ionaspis epulotica f. patellula (Arnold) Arnold, Ionaspis epulotica var. cinerascens H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. confluens (Grognot) H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. crustosa H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. depauperata H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. epulotica (Ach.) Blomb. & Forssell, Ionaspis epulotica var. macrocarpa Creveld, Ionaspis epulotica var. patellula (Arnold) H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. superficiale (Grognot) H. Magn., Ionaspis epulotica var. varians (Grognot) H. Magn., Lecanora epulotica (Ach.) Nyl. ex Cromb., Lecidea epulotica (Ach.) Nyl., Pinacisca epulotica (Ach.) Trevis.]
[Aspicilia heteromorpha (Kremp.) Rehm, Ionaspis annularis H. Magn., Ionaspis heteromorpha (Kremp.) Th. Fr. ex Arnold, Ionaspis heteromorpha var. heteromorpha (Kremp.) Th. Fr. ex Arnold, Ionaspis heteromorpha var. regehi Räsänen, Ionaspis ochracella (Nyl.) H. Magn., Ionaspis reducta H. Magn., Ionaspis schismatopis (Nyl.) Hue, Ionaspis schismatopsis (Nyl.) Hue]
[Hymenelia prevostii var. melanocarpa Kremp., Ionaspis melanocarpa (Kremp.) Arnold, Ionaspis melanocarpa var. crustosa H. Magn., Ionaspis melanocarpa var. melanocarpa (Kremp.) Arnold, Lecanora prevostii f. melanocarpa (Kremp.) Stizenb.]
[Aspicilia rhodopis (Sommerf.) Th. Fr., Ionaspis epulotica var. rhodopis (Sommerf.) H. Magn., Ionaspis rhodopis (Sommerf.) Blomb. & Forssell, Ionaspis rhodopis subsp. melanopis (Sommerf.) Zahlbr., Ionaspis rhodopis subsp. rhodopis (Sommerf.) Blomb. & Forssell, Lecanora acharii var. rhodopis Sommerf., Lecanora rhodopis (Sommerf.) Nyl., Parmelia rhodopis (Sommerf.) Fr., Urceolaria rhodopis (Sommerf.) Sommerf.]
[Dimelaena adglutinata (Flörke) Trevis., Hagenia adglutinata (Flörke) Bagl. & Carestia, Hagenia elaeina (Sm.) Bagl., Hyperphyscia adglutinata var. adglutinata (Flörke) H. Mayrhofer & Poelt, Imbricaria adglutinata (Flörke) Chevall., Parmelia adglutinata (Flörke) Flörke, Parmelia obscura var. adglutinata (Flörke) Schaer., Physcia adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., Physcia adglutinata f. adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., Physcia adglutinata f. sorediata Nyl., Physcia adglutinata subsp. adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., Physcia adglutinata var. adglutinata (Flörke) Nyl., Physcia adglutinata var. lepraeformis (Flörke) Zahlbr., Physcia elaeina (Sm.) A.L. Sm., Physcia elaeina f. albida B. de Lesd., Physcia elaeina f. elaeina (Sm.) A.L. Sm., Physcia elaeina f. pyrithrocardia (Müll. Arg.) J.W. Thomson, Physcia elaeina f. tenuissima Nádv., Physcia elaeina var. elaeina (Sm.) A.L. Sm., Physcia elaeina var. subvirella Nyl., Physciopsis adglutinata (Flörke) M. Choisy, Physciopsis elaeina (Sm.) Poelt, Physciopsis elaeina var. elaeina (Sm.) Poelt, Physciopsis elaeina var. pyrithrocardia (Müll. Arg.) D.D. Awasthi & Kr.P. Singh, Squamaria elaeina (Sm.) Hook., Xanthoria adglutinata (Flörke) Horw., Xanthoria adglutinata f. adglutinata (Flörke) Horw., Xanthoria adglutinata f. sorediata (Nyl.) Horw.]
[Dimelaena minor (Fée) Trevis., Hyperphyscia minor (Fée) D.D. Awasthi nom. illegit., Parmelia minor Fée, Physcia adglutinata f. minor (Fée) Nyl., Physcia adglutinata var. minor (Fée) Nyl.,, Physcia minor (Fée) Vain., Physciopsis minor (Fée) B.J. Moore]
[Physcia adglutinata var. pyrithrocardia Müll.Arg.]
source: Esslinger et al. (2012)
[Physcia syncolla Tuck. ex Nyl., Physcia syncolla f. syncolla Tuck. ex Nyl., Physciopsis syncolla (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Poelt, Physciopsis syncolla var. syncolla (Tuck. ex Nyl.) Poelt]
[Biatora ostreata (Hoffm.) Fr., Lecanora ostreata (Hoffm.) Rabenh., Lecanora scalaris (Gray) A. Dietr., Lecidea ostreata Schaer., Lecidea ostreata f. hemisphaerica Servít, Lecidea ostreata f. minor Erichsen, Lecidea ostreata f. ostreata (Hoffm.) Schaer., Lecidea ostreata var. myrmecina (Ach.) Nyl., Lecidea ostreata var. ostreata (Hoffm.) Schaer., Lecidea ostreata var. vulgaris Th. Fr., Lecidea scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) Ach., Lecidea scalaris f. minor Erichsen, Lecidea scalaris f. perrevoluta Erichsen, Lecidea scalaris f. scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) Ach., Lecidea scalaris var. scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) Ach., Lepidoma scalare Gray, Lichen scalaris Ach. ex Lilj., Parmelia ostreata (Hoffm.) Fr., Patellaria ostreata (Hoffm.) Wallr., Placodium ostreatum (Hoffm.) Link, Psora ostreata Hoffm., Psora scalaris (Ach.) Hook., Psora scalaris var. myrmecina (Ach.) Räsänen, Psora scalaris var. scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) Hook., Psora scalaris var. vulgaris (Th. Fr.) Räsänen, Schaereria ostreata (Hoffm.) Gyeln.]
[Parmelia austerodes Nyl.]
[Hypogymnia lugubris subsp. beringiana Krog]
source: McCune (2008)
[Parmelia bitteri Lynge]
source: Goward & McCune (2007)
source: Goward et al. (2012)
source: Spribille et al. (2010)
[Hypogymnia enteromorpha var. enteromorpha (Ach.) Nyl., Imbricaria enteromorpha (Ach.) Jatta, Imbricaria physodes f. enteromorpha (Ach.) Arnold, Öst. bot. Z. 49: 59 (1899), Lichen diatrypus * enteromorpha (Ach.) Lam., Menegazzia enteromorpha (Ach.) Gyeln., Parmelia enteromorpha Ach., Parmelia enteromorpha f. enteromorpha Ach., Parmelia enteromorpha var. enteromorpha Ach., Parmelia physodes f. enteromorpha (Ach.) Tuck., Parmelia physodes var. enteromorpha (Ach.) Tuck.]
[Ceratophyllum bitterianum (Zahlbr.) M. Choisy, Hypogymnia bitteriana (Zahlbr.) Räsänen, Parmelia bitteriana Zahlbr., Parmelia bitteriana f. bitteriana Zahlbr., Parmelia bitteriana f. glauca (Bitter) Zahlbr., Parmelia bitteriana f. grumosa Gyeln., Parmelia bitteriana var. bitteriana Zahlbr., Parmelia bitteriana var. piceicola Gyeln.]
Uncertain for North America., source: Goward et al. (2012)
source: McCune (2002)
[Cavernularia hultenii Degel.]
source: Miądlikowska et al. (2011)
[Hypogymnia imshaugii var. inactiva Krog]
source: McCune et al. (2006)
[Cavernularia lophyrea (Ach.) Degel., Parmelia lophyrea Ach.]
source: Miądlikowska et al. (2011)
source: McCune & Schoch (2009)
[Ceratophyllum physodes (L.) M. Choisy, Ceratophyllum physodes var. fulvescens (Harm.) M. Choisy, Ceratophyllum physodes var. labrosa (Ach.) M. Choisy, Ceratophyllum physodes var. luxurians (Harm.) M. Choisy, Ceratophyllum physodes var. physodes (L.) M. Choisy, Ceratophyllum physodes var. platyphylla (Ach.) M. Choisy, Hypogymnia physodes f. labrosa (Ach.) Walt. Watson, Hypogymnia physodes f. platyphylla (Ach.) Rass., Hypogymnia physodes f. subtubulosa (Anders) Rass., Hypogymnia physodes f. vittatoides (Mereschk.) Räsänen, Hypogymnia physodes var. labrosa (Ach.) Parrique, Hypogymnia physodes var. platyphylla (Ach.) Walt. Watson, Imbricaria physodes (L.) DC., Imbricaria physodes f. physodes (L.) DC., Imbricaria physodes f. subcrustacea Flot., Lichen physodes L., Lobaria physodes (L.) Hoffm., Menegazzia physodes (L.) Navás, Parmelia ceratophylla var. physodes (L.) Schaer., Parmelia duplicata var. douglasicola Gyeln., Parmelia oregana Gyeln., Parmelia physodes Ach., Parmelia physodes f. cassidiformis Vereit., Parmelia physodes f. corallina Erichsen, Parmelia physodes f. deserti Hue, Parmelia physodes f. elegans Mereschk., Parmelia physodes f. epiphylla Savicz, Parmelia physodes f. euphysodes Maas Geest., Parmelia physodes f. foraminifera Wereit.{?}, Parmelia physodes f. formicata Gyeln., Parmelia physodes f. fuscescens Cromb. ex Gyeln., Parmelia physodes f. granulosa Harm., Parmelia physodes f. isidiosa Anders, Parmelia physodes f. lugubris (Pers.) F. Wilson, Parmelia physodes f. luxurians Harm., Parmelia physodes f. maculans H. Olivier, Parmelia physodes f. minor Hilitzer, Parmelia physodes f. neosorediosa Gyeln., Parmelia physodes f. papillosa Erichsen, Parmelia physodes f. physodes (L.) Ach., Parmelia physodes f. pinicola Gyeln., Parmelia physodes f. pseudofarinacea Anders, Parmelia physodes f. rugosa G. Merr., Parmelia physodes f. stigmatea Bitter, Parmelia physodes f. subcrustacea Flot., Parmelia physodes f. sublugubris Räsänen, Parmelia physodes f. subtubulosa Anders, Parmelia physodes f. vittatoides Mereschk., Parmelia physodes var. compacta Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. fulvescens Harm., Parmelia physodes var. glaucoides Gyeln., Parmelia physodes var. labrosa Ach., Parmelia physodes var. leucina Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. lugubris (Pers.) Nyl., Parmelia physodes var. mesotropa Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. mundata (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. physodes (L.) Ach., Parmelia physodes var. pinnata Anders, Parmelia physodes var. placorhodioides (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. platyphylla Ach., Parmelia physodes var. prolificans Erichsen, Parmelia physodes var. pseudofarinacea (Anders) Erichsen, Parmelia physodes var. rugosa Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. sublugubris Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. tenuis Müll.Arg., Parmelia platyphylla (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia vitatta, Physcia physodes (L.) Frege]
[Hypogymnia mundata f. sorediosa (Bitter) Rass., Parmelia mundata f. sorediosa Bitter, Parmelia mundata var. pulverata Nyl., Parmelia physodes var. pulverata (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Parmelia physodes var. soluta Müll.Arg.]
[Hypogymnia enteromorpha f. rugosa (G. Merr.) Rass., Parmelia enteromorpha f. rugosa (G. Merr.) Zahlbr.]
source: Goward et al. (2012)
source: McCune (2002)
[Parmelia subobscura Vain.]
source: McCune & Rosentreter (1997)
[Ceratophyllum tubulosum (Schaer.) M. Choisy, Cetraria tubulosa (Schaer.) B. de Lesd., Hypogymnia physodes var. tubulosa (Schaer.) Walt. Watson, Menegazzia tubulosa (Schaer.) Gyeln., Parmelia ceratophylla var. tubulosa Schaer., Parmelia physodes var. tubulosa Schaer., Parmelia tubulosa (Schaer.) Bitter, Parmelia tubulosa f. farinosa Hillmann, Parmelia tubulosa f. imbricata Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa f. rugosorediosa Gyeln., Parmelia tubulosa f. rugososorediosa Gyeln., Parmelia tubulosa f. subtilis (Schulz-Korth) Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa f. subvittata Frey, Parmelia tubulosa f. tubulosa (Schaer.) Bitter, Parmelia tubulosa f. verruciformis Harm., Parmelia tubulosa var. farinosa (Hillmann) Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa var. inflata Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa var. pergranulata Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa var. subbitteriana Erichsen, Parmelia tubulosa var. subtilis Schulz-Korth, Parmelia tubulosa var. tubulosa (Schaer.) Bitter]
source: Goward et al. (2012)
[Ceratophyllum vittatum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Hypogymnia vittata f. vittata (Ach.) Parrique, Imbricaria vittata (Ach.) Arnold, Menegazzia vittata (Ach.) Gyeln., Menegazzia vittata var. douglasicola Gyeln., Menegazzia vittata var. vittata (Ach.) Gyeln., Parmelia ceratophylla var. vittata (Ach.) Schaer., Parmelia physodes var. vittata Ach., Parmelia vittata (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia vittata f. euvittata Maas Geest., Parmelia vittata f. latilobata Gyeln., Parmelia vittata f. stricta (Hillmann) Asahina, Parmelia vittata f. vittata (Ach.) Röhl., Parmelia vittata var. alpestris Zahlbr., Parmelia vittata var. alpina Gyeln., Parmelia vittata var. chalybaea J. Steiner, Parmelia vittata var. collina Gyeln. & Fóriss, Parmelia vittata var. douglasicola (Gyeln.) Zahlbr., Parmelia vittata var. hypotrypanea Nyl., Parmelia vittata var. radiata Gyeln., Parmelia vittata var. subarticulata J.D. Zhao, L.W. Hsu & Z.M. Sun, Parmelia vittata var. vittata (Ach.) Röhl.]
[Parmelia afrorevoluta Krog & Swinscow, Parmelinopsis afrorevoluta (Krog & Swinscow) Elix & Hale]
source: Knudsen & Lendemer (2005b)
[Cetrariastrum catawbiense (Degel.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb., Everniastrum catawbiense (Degel.) Hale ex Sipman, Parmelia catawbiensis (Degel.) Hale & M. Wirth, Parmelia sorocheila var. catawbiensis Degel.]
[Parmelia consimilis Vain., Remototrachyna consimilis (Vain.) Flakus, Kukwa & Sipman]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Lendemer & Harris (2016)
[Canoparmelia cassa Marcelli & C.H. Ribeiro, Hypotrachyna congenita Kurok. & K.H. Moon, Parmelia amoena Zahlbr., Parmelia costaricensis Nyl., Parmelia deformis (Vain.) Vain., Parmelia hypotrachyna Nyl., Parmelia sublaevigata f. isidiosa Müll. Arg., Parmelia tropica Vain., Parmelia tropica var. deformis Vain., Parmelia tropica var. tropica Vain., Parmelinella inexplicabilis Marcelli & C.H. Ribeiro, Remototrachyna costaricensis (Nyl.) Divakar & A. Crespo]
[Parmelia croceopustulata Kurok.]
[Parmelia cryptochlora Vain., Parmeliella cryptochlora (Vain.) Hale, Parmelina cryptochlora (Vain.) Hale, Parmelinopsis cryptochlora (Vain.) Elix & Hale]
source: Divakar et al. (2013)
[Parmelia dactylifera Vain., Parmelia tiliacea var. leucina Müll. Arg.]
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Parmelia densirhizinata Kurok.]
[Parmelia dentella Hale & Kurok., Parmelia laevigata var. ceratina Müll. Arg.]
[Parmelia ensifolia Kurok., Parmelia lobulifera var. insensitiva Degel.]
[Hypotrachyna subsplendens Kurok. & K.H. Moon, Parmelia gondylophora Hale]
[Parmelia dissecta Nyl., Parmelia horrescens Taylor, Parmelia laevigata f. dissecta (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Parmelia laevigata subsp. dissecta (Nyl.) Nyl., Parmelia saxatilis f. horrescens (Taylor) Stizenb., Parmelina dissecta (Nyl.) Hale, Parmelina horrescens (Taylor) Hale, Parmelinopsis horrescens (Taylor) Elix & Hale, Usnea horrescens (Taylor) Motyka]
source: Divakar et al. (2013)
[Parmelia imbricatula Zahlbr., Parmelia lobulifera Degel., Parmelia lobulifera var. luteoreagens Degel.]
[Imbricaria laevigata (Sm.) Arnold, Lichen laevigatus Sm., Parmelia boliviana var. cephalota Zahlbr., Parmelia laevigata (Sm.) Ach., Parmelia laevigata f. furfuracea Müll.Arg., Parmelia laevigata f. laevigata (Sm.) Ach., Parmelia laevigata f. luteoreagens Degel., Parmelia laevigata f. roseoreagens Degel., Parmelia laevigata f. sorediata Zahlbr., Parmelia laevigata subsp. extremi-orientalis Asahina, Parmelia laevigata subsp. laevigata (Sm.) Ach., Parmelia laevigata var. laevigata (Sm.) Ach., Parmelia laevigata var. obscuratella Müll.Arg., Parmelia laevigata var. tropica Zahlbr., Parmelia laevigata var. xanthomyela (Nyl.) Boistel, Parmotrema laevigatum (Sm.) M. Choisy]
[Hypotrachyna perexigua Marcelli & C.H. Ribeiro, Parmelia livida Taylor, Parmelia osseoalbida Lynge]
[Parmelia lividescens Kurok.]
Hodkinson (2010)
[Parmelia hubrichtii E.C. Berry, Parmelia minarum Vain., Parmelina minarum (Vain.) Skorepa, Parmelinopsis minarum (Vain.) Elix & Hale]
source: Divakar et al. (2013)
[Parmelia oostingii J.P. Dey]
[Hypotrachyna formosana (Zahlbr.) Hale, Parmelia formosana Zahlbr., Parmelia osseoalba Vain.]
[Parmelia producta (Hale) J.P. Dey]
[Hypotrachyna rachista (Hale) Hale, Parmelia lobulifera var. sanguineoreagens Degel., Parmelia prolongata Kurok., Parmelia rachista Hale]
[Parmelia anaptychoides Kurok., Parmelia pseudosinuosa Asahina]
[Parmelia caraccensis f. pulvinata (Fée) Zahlbr., Parmelia pulvinata Fée, Parmelia subsinuosa Nyl.]
[Parmelia pustulifera Hale]
[Imbricaria revoluta (Flörke) Flot., Imbricaria sinuosa f. concentrica Arnold, Parmelia forsteri Leight., Parmelia laevigata var. forsteri (Leight.) Leight., Parmelia quercina var. erratica (Linds.) Hillmann, Parmelia revoluta Flörke, Parmelia revoluta f. foliolifera Erichsen, Parmelia revoluta f. nuda Müll.Arg., Parmelia revoluta f. revoluta Flörke, Parmelia revoluta var. britannica (D. Hawksw. & P. James) V. Wirth, Parmelia revoluta var. concentrica (Arnold) Cromb., Parmelia revoluta var. erratica (Linds.) Zahlbr., Parmelia revoluta var. granulata Harm., Parmelia revoluta var. minor Harm., Parmelia revoluta var. revoluta Flörke, Parmelia sinuosa var. erratica Linds., Parmelia sinuosa var. excentrica Mudd]
source: McCune (1998a)
[Parmelia rockii Zahlbr.]
[Imbricaria sinuosa (Sm.) Körb., Imbricaria sinuosa f. sinuosa (Sm.) Körb., Imbricaria sinuosa var. angustifolia Anzi, Imbricaria sinuosa var. latifolia Anzi, Imbricaria sinuosa var. sinuosa (Sm.) Körb., Lichen sinuosus Sm., Parmelia sinuosa (Sm.) Ach., Parmelia sinuosa var. hypothrix Nyl., Parmelia sinuosa var. sinuosa (Sm.) Ach.]
[Parmelia spumosa Asahina, Parmelina spumosa (Asahina) Hale, Parmelinopsis spumosa (Asah.) Elix & Hale]
source: Divakar et al. (2013)
[Parmelia subsaxatilis B. de Lesd.]
[Parmelia swinscowii Hale, Parmelina swinscowii (Hale) Hale, Parmelinopsis swinscowii (Hale) Elix & Hale]
source: Divakar et al. (2013)
[Parmelia revoluta f. rugosa (Taylor) Hillmann, Parmelia revoluta var. rugosa Cromb., Parmelia rugosa Taylor, Parmelia rugosa var. lundensis Fr., Parmelia rugosa var. rugosa Taylor, Parmelia taylorensis M.E. Mitch.]
source: Groner & Dietrich (1996)
[Parmelia thysanota Kurok.]
[Parmelia virginica Hale]
[Baeomyces aeruginosa (Scop.) DC., Baeomyces aeruginosus (Scop.) DC., Baeomyces icmadophilus (L. f.) Bory, Biatora aeruginosa (Scop.) Hepp, Biatora icmadophila (L. f.) Fr., Biatora icmadophila var. icmadophila (L. f.) Fr., Biatora icmadophila var. stipitata Mont., Biatorina icmadophila (L. f.) Flagey, Icmadophila aeruginosa (Scop.) Trevis., Icmadophila aeruginosa f. aeruginosa (Scop.) Trevis., Icmadophila aeruginosa f. muscicola Britzelm., Icmadophila aeruginosa var. aeruginosa (Scop.) Trevis., Icmadophila aeruginosa var. americana Räsänen, Icmadophila ericetorum var. stipitata B. de Lesd., Lecania aeruginosa (Scop.) Stizenb., Lecidea icmadophila (L. f.) Ach., Lichen aeruginosus Scop., Lichen ericetorum L., Lichen ericetorum var. ericetorum Retz., Lichen icmadophila L. f., Patellaria aeruginosa (Scop.) Spreng., Patellaria icmadophila (L. f.) Müll. Arg., Tubercularia icmadophila (L. f.) Kuntze, Tupia aeruginosa (Scop.) L. Marchand, Verrucaria icmadophila (L. f.) Willd., Zeora icmadophila (L. f.) Flot.]
[Hobsonia christiansenii B.L. Brady & D. Hawksw.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Sikaroodi et al. (2001)
[Illosporium roseum Mart., Illosporium roseum var. roseum Mart., Lepra carnea Ehrh., Lepra rosea (Schreb.) Willd., Lepraria rosea (Schreb.) Ach., Lichen roseus Schreb., Parmelia rosea (Schreb.) Lyngb., Parmelia rosea f. rosea Gyeln., Tubercularia rosea (Schreb.) Pers., Tubercularia rosea var. carnea (Ehrh.) Pers., Tubercularia rosea var. rosea (Schreb.) Pers.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens)
[Lecidea athroocarpa (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea athroocarpa f. athroocarpa (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea atrofuscescens Nyl., Lecidella athroocarpa (Ach.) Arnold, Lecidella atrofuscescens (Nyl.) Arnold, Lichen athroocarpus Ach., Patellaria athroocarpa (Ach.) Hepp, Porpidia athroocarpa (Ach.) Hertel & Rambold]
[Cetraria aleurites (Ach.) Th. Fr., Imbricaria aleurites (Ach.) DC., Imshaugia aleurites f. vulnerata (Hillmann) S.Y. Kondr., Lichen aleurites Ach., Lobaria pallescens Hoffm., Parmelia aleurites (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia aleurites var. aleurites Nyl., Parmelia aleurites var. diffusa (Weber) Ach., Parmeliopsis aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. diffusa (Weber) Grummann, Parmeliopsis aleurites f. eualbescens Maas Geest., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. obsessa (Ach.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. pityreiformis (Hillmann) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites f. vulnerata (Hillmann) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. albescens (Wahlenb.) Maas Geest., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. albidula (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. aleurites (Ach.) Nyl., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. pityreiformis (Hillmann) Grummann, Parmeliopsis aleurites var. roseola (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis aleurites var. vulnerata (Hillmann) Maas Geest., Parmeliopsis pallescens (Hoffm.) Hillmann, Parmeliopsis pallescens f. angustifolia (Hillmann) Gyeln., Parmeliopsis pallescens f. diffusa (Weber) Hillmann, Parmeliopsis pallescens f. pallescens (Hoffm.) Hillmann, Parmeliopsis pallescens f. subalpina (Räsänen) Zahlbr., Parmeliopsis pallescens f. vulnerata (Hillmann) Rass., Parmeliopsis pallescens var. albosorediata Gyeln., Parmeliopsis pallescens var. angustata Gyeln., Parmeliopsis pallescens var. angustifolia (Hillmann) Zahlbr., Parmeliopsis pallescens var. fuscisorediata Gyeln., Parmeliopsis pallescens var. pallescens (Hoffm.) Hillmann, Parmeliopsis pallescens var. pityreiformis Hillmann, Parmeliopsis pallescens var. vulnerata Hillmann, Squamaria aleurites (Ach.) Nyl.]
[Parmelia placorodia Ach., Parmeliopsis placorodia (Ach.) Nyl.]
[Ingvariella bispora var. multispora Guderley & Lumbsch, Urceolaria bispora Bagl., Urceolaria bispora f. bispora Bagl., Urceolaria bispora f. saxicola Kremp.]
[Arthonia byssacea (Weigel) Almq., Inoderma byssacea (Weigel) Gray, Lecanactis byssacea (Weigel) Arnold, Opegrapha byssacea (Weigel) M. Choisy, Pyrenotea byssacea (Weigel) Körb., Sphaeria byssacea Weigel]
source: Frisch et al. (2015)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Hawksworth & Cole (2002)
[Bispora christiansenii D. Hawksw.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Hawksworth & Cole (2002)
[Trimmatostroma lichenicola M.S. Christ. & D. Hawksw.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Kocourková et al. (2012)
[Bispora lichenum Diederich]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Hawksworth & Cole (2002)
[Catapyrenium waltheri (Krempelh.) Körb., Dermatocarpon waltheri (Kremp.) Blomb. & Forssell, Involucrocarpon waltheri (Kremp.) Servít, Verrucaria waltheri Kremp.]
[Acarospora deplanans (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Aspicilia lacustris (With.) Th. Fr., Aspicilia lacustris f. concolor (Anzi) Oxner, Aspicilia lacustris f. lacustris (With.) Th. Fr., Hymenelia lacustris (With.) M. Choisy, Lecanora cyrtaspis, Lecanora deplanans Nyl., Lecanora fulvomellea A.L. Sm., Lecanora gibbosa f. lacustris (With.) Leight., Lecanora lacustris (With.) Nyl., Lecanora lacustris f. geographica Servít, Lecanora lacustris f. lacustris (With.) Nyl., Lichen lacustris With.]
[Lecanora lavata (H. Magn.) Fink]
[Aspicilia obtecta (Vain.) Hav., Hymenelia obtecta (Vain.) Poelt & Vězda, Lecanora obtecta Vain.]
source: McCune et al. (2014b)
[Aspicilia odora (Ach. ex Schaer.) A. Massal., Gyalecta odora Ach., Lecanora odora (Ach.) Nyl., Patellaria odora (Ach.) Trevis., Pinacisca odora (Ach.) Trevis.]
[Gyalideopsis anastomosans P. James & Vězda]
source: Lücking et al. (2007)
source: Harris (1995a)
[Microthelia thelenula Müll.Arg.]
source: Harris (1995a)
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Polyblastia dispora Müll. Arg., Polyblastiopsis dispora (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Arthopyrenia fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Thiyagaraja, Ertz, Lücking, Coppins & K.D. Hyde, Mycoglaena fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Vain., Polyblastia fallaciosa Stizenb. ex Arnold, Polyblastiopsis fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Zahlbr., Pyrenula fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Willey, Verrucaria fallaciosa (Stizenb. ex Arnold) Nyl.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Polyblastia geminella (Nyl.) Trevis., Polyblastiopsis geminella (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Polyblastiopsis rappii Zahlbr., Thelenella geminella (Nyl.) Vain., Verrucaria geminella Nyl.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Blastodesmia lactea A. Massal., Microglaena lactea (A. Massal.) Lönnr., Polyblastia lactea (A. Massal.) Trevis., Polyblastiopsis lactea (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Pyrenula lactea (A. Massal.) Tuck., Sporodictyon lacteum (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria lactea (A. Massal.) Garov. nom. illegit.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Harris (1995a)
[Microglaena sericea (A. Massal.) Lönnr., Polyblastia sericea A. Massal., Polyblastiopsis sericea (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Sporodictyon sericeum (A. Massal.) Trevis., Verrucaria sericea (A. Massal.) Garov.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Aptroot (2002b)
[Clathroporina amygdalina (Müll. Arg.) Fink, Clathroporina exiguella Zahlbr.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Pleospora vitrispora Cooke & Harkn.]
+ = saprophytic fungi related to either lichens or lichenicolous fungi, on various substrates, source: Harris (1995a)
[Alectoria californica (Tuck.) G. Merr., Alectoria cetrariza Nyl., Cetraria californica Tuck., Coelocaulon californicum (Tuck.) Howe, Cornicularia californica (Tuck.) Du Rietz.]
source: Thell & Goward (1996)
[Cetraria merrillii Du Rietz, Tuckermannopsis merrillii (Du Rietz) Hale, Tuckermanopsis merrillii (Du Rietz) Hale]
source: Thell & Goward (1996)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Diederich (2002)
[Abrothallus talcophilus (Ach.) A. Massal., Buellia talcophila (Ach.) Körb., Lecidea talcophila Ach., Mycoblastus talcophilus (Ach.) Trevis., Poetschia talcophila (Ach.) Stein]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Hafellner et al. (2002)
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Alstrup & Cole (1998)
[Acanthostigma peltigerae (Fuckel) G. Winter, Capronia peltigerae (Fuckel) D. Hawksw., Enchnosphaeria peltigerae (Fuckel) Sacc., Herpotrichiella peltigerae (Fuckel) D. Hawksw., Trichosphaeria peltigerae Fuckel]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Réblová et al. (2013)
[Aspicilia leucophyma (Leight.) Hue, Aspicilia leucophyma var. leucophyma (Leight.) Hue, Aspicilia leucophyma var. littoralis (Vain.) Räsänen, Lecanora leucophyma Leight., Lecanora wimmeriana (Körb.) Poetsch, Zeora wimmeriana Körb.]
[Melaspilea canariensis D. Hawksw.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Seavey & Seavey (2014a)
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McCune & Lumbsch (2017)
[Lecidea caeca J. Lowe, Rimularia caeca (Lowe) Rambold & Printzen]
source: Resl et al. (2015)
[Lecidea amphiplecta Stirt., Lecidea furvella Nyl. ex Mudd, Lecidea orphnaeilla Stirt., Rimularia furvella (Nyl. ex Mudd) Hertel & Rambold]
source: Resl et al. (2015)
[Lecidea gyrizans Nyl., Rimularia gyrizans (Nyl.) Hertel & Rambold]
source: Resl et al. (2015)
[Lecidea impavida Th. Fr., Rimularia impavida (Th. Fr.) Hertel & Rambold]
source: Resl et al. (2015)
[Biatora insularis (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Biatora intumescens (Flörke) Hepp, Lecidea insularis Nyl., Lecidea intumescens (Flot.) Nyl., Lecidella insularis (Nyl.) Körb., Lecidella intumescens (Flörke) Arnold, Nesolechia intumescens (Flörke) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Rimularia insularis (Nyl.) Rambold & Hertel, Toninia intumescens (Flörke) Boistel]
# = various fungi of uncertain status: e.g.: those which are questionably or weakly lichen-forming; or algicolous/saprophytic; or parasitic when young but saprophytic or lichen-forming when mature; or lichenicolous lichens., source: Spribille et al. (2014a)
[Biatora sphacelata (Th. Fr.) Hellb., Lecidea sphacelata Th. Fr., Rimularia sphacelata (Th. Fr.) Hertel & Rambold]
source: Resl et al. (2015)
[Gyrophora caroliniana (Tuck.) Schol., Umbilicaria caroliniana Tuck.]
source: Davydov et al. (2010)
[Gyrophora papulosa Ach., Umbilicaria papulosa (Ach.) Nyl., Umbilicaria pustulata var. papulosa (L.) Hoffm.]
[Gyrophora pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecidea pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Ach., Lichen leiocarpus * pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Lam., Lichen pensylvanicus (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia pensylvanica (Hoffm.) Spreng., Umbilicaria pennsylvanica Hoffm., Umbilicaria pensylvanica Hoffm.]
[Capnia pustulata (L.) A. St.-Hil., Gyromium pustulatum (L.) Wahlenb., Gyrophora pustulata (L.) Ach., Lecidea pustulata (L.) Palmstr. & Venus, Lichen pustulatus L., Macrodictya pustulata (L.) A. Massal., Umbilicaria pustulata (L.) Hoffm., Umbilicaria pustulata f. pustulata (L.) Hoffm., Umbilicaria pustulata var. pustulata (L.) Hoffm.]
[Didymosphaeria stereocaulicola (Th. Fr. ex Linds.) Sacc. & D. Sacc., Sphaeria stereocaulicola Th. Fr. ex Linds.]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), source: Zhurbenko & Daniëls (2003)
[Collema auriculatum Hoffm., Collema auriculatum f. adspersa (Kremp.) Szatala, Collema auriculatum f. auriculatum Hoffm., Collema auriculatum f. cristatulum (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Zahlbr., Collema auriculatum f. membranaceum (Kremp.) Leight., Collema auriculatum var. auriculatum Hoffm., Collema auriforme (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon, Collema granosum Lam. & DC., Collema granosum f. adspersum Kremp., Collema granosum f. granosum Lam. & DC., Collema granosum var. auriculatum (Hoffm.) Schaer., Collema granosum var. granosum Lam. & DC., Collema granosum var. membranaceum Kremp., Collema granosum var. vulgare (Schaer.) Kremp., Eucollema auriculatum (Hoffm.) Horw., Eucollema granosum (Schreb.) Horw., Gabura auriculata (Hoffm.) Kuntze, Lichen auriculatus (Hoffm.) Ach., Lichen granosus Schreb., Parmelia auriculata (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia granosa (Schreb.) Steud.]
[Collema auriculatum f. papulosum (Ach.) Zahlbr., Collema auriculatum var. pinguescens Nyl. ex Cromb., Collema complicatum Fr., Collema cristatum (L.) F. H. Wigg., Collema cristatum f. cristatum (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Collema cristatum f. jacobaeifolium (Schrad.) Rabenh., Collema cristatum f. papillosum (Ach.) Degel., Collema cristatum var. cristatum (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg., Collema granuliferum Nyl., Collema granuliferum f. granuliferum Nyl., Collema granuliferum f. minor Cromb. ex Leight., Collema granuliferum f. minus Cromb. ex Leight., Collema gyrosum (Oeder) Röhl., Collema hypergenum Nyl., Collema jacobaeifolia (Schrank) P. Gaertn., G. Mey. & Scherb., Collema melaenum (Ach.) Ach., Collema melaenum f. jacobaeifolium (Schrank) Cromb., Collema melaenum f. marginale (Huds.) Leight., Collema melaenum f. melaenum (Ach.) Ach., Collema melaenum var. complicatum (Fr.) Leight., Collema melaenum var. erosum Ach., Collema melaenum var. jacobaeifolium (Schrank) Ach., Collema melaenum var. marginale (Huds.) Ach., Collema melaenum var. melaenum (Ach.) Ach., Collema melaenum var. undulatum Ach., Collema multifidum (Scop.) Rabenh., Collema multifidum f. conchilobum Flot., Collema multifidum f. gyrosum (Oeder) A.L. Sm., Collema multifidum f. multifidum (Scop.) Rabenh., Collema multifidum var. gyrosum (Oeder) A.L. Sm., Collema multifidum var. jacobaeifolium (Schrank) Rabenh., Collema multifidum var. multifidum (Scop.) Rabenh., Collema papulosum Ach., Enchylium marginale (Huds.) Gray, Eucollema cristatum (L.) Horw., Eucollema granuliferum (Nyl.) Horw., Eucollema hypergenum (Nyl.) Horw., Eucollema melaenum (Ach.) Horw., Eucollema melaenum f. gyrosum (Oeder) Horw., Eucollema melaenum f. jacobaeaefolium (Schrank) Horw., Eucollema melaenum f. jacobaeifolium (Schrank) Horw., Eucollema melaenum f. marginale (Huds.) Horw., Eucollema melaenum f. melaenum (Ach.) Horw., Gabura marginalis (Huds.) Kuntze, Lecidea papillosa Ach., Lichen cristatus L., Lichen gyrosus Oeder, Lichen jacobaeifolius Schrank, Lichen marginalis Huds., Lichen melaenus Ach., Lichen multifidus Scop., Parmelia melaena (Ach.) Ach., Parmelia multifida var. complicata (Fr.) Schaer., Parmelia multifida var. cristata (L.) Schaer., Parmelia multifida var. jacobeaifolia (Schrank) Schaer., Parmelia multifida var. marginalis (Huds.) Schaer., Synechoblastus complicatus Mudd]
[Collema cataclystum Körb., Collema dichotomum (With.) Coppins & J. R. Laundon, Collema fluviale (Huds.) Ach., Collema fluviatile (Huds.) Steud., Collema stenophyllum Nyl., Collemodium cataclystum (Körb.) Nyl., Collemodium fluviatile (Huds.) Stizenb., Enchylium fluviale (Huds.) Gray, Leptogium cataclystum (Körb.) Harm., Leptogium cataclystum var. cataclystum (Körb.) Harm., Leptogium cataclystum var. fluctuans (Kremp.) Zahlbr., Leptogium fluviatile (Huds.) Leight., Tremella dichotoma With.]
[Collema flaccidum var. microlobum Nyl. ex Leight., Collema furvum (Ach.) DC., Collema furvum f. conchilobum (Flot.) Müll. Arg., Collema furvum f. furvum (Ach.) DC., Collema furvum f. tunaeformis (Ach.) Nyl., Collema furvum f. tuniforme (Ach.) Nyl., Collema furvum f. verruciforme Ach., Collema fuscovirens (With.) J. R. Laundon, Collema granuliferum f. meizolobum (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Nyl. ex Leight., Collema subplicatile f. meizolobum Nyl. ex Cromb., Collema tuniforme (Ach.) Ach. em Degel., Lichen fuscovirens With., Lichen tuniforme Ach.]
[Biatora abietina (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Nägeli ex Hepp, Bilimbia abietina (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Cyphelium abietinum (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Fr., Cyphelium incrustans Ach., Cyphelium leucocephalum (Ach.) Ach., Lecanactis abietina f. incrustans (Ach.) H. Olivier, Lecidea abietina (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Lecidea abietina var. abietina (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach., Lecidea abietina var. incrustans (Ach.) Nyl., Lecidea leucocephala (Ach.) D. Dietr., Lichen abietinus Ehrh. ex Ach., Opegrapha abietina (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Almq., Pyrenotea incrustans (Ach.) Fr., Pyrenotea leucocephala (Ach.) Fr., Pyrenula leucocephala (Ach.) Ach., Schismatomma abietinum (Ach.) A. Massal., Schismatomma abietinum f. abietinum (Ehrhl.) A. Massal., Schismatomma abietinum f. junipericola Räsänen, Schismatomma abietinum f. patellare (Körb.) Grummann, Schismatomma abietinum var. abietinum (Ehrhl.) A. Massal., Schismatomma abietinum var. fennicum (Erichsen) J. Nowak, Variolaria leucocephala (Ach.) DC., Verrucaria leucocephala Ach.]
[Lecanactis zahlbruckneri Herre]
[Lecanactis subattingens (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Platygrapha subattingens Nyl., Schismatomma subattingens (Nyl.) Zahlbr.]
[Dimerospora aipospila (Wahlenb.) Th.Fr., Lecania aipospila var. maritima (Sommerf.) A.L. Sm., Lecania spodophaeiza (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Lecanora aipospila (Wahlenb.) Ach., Lecanora maritima Sommerf., Lecanora spodophaeiza Nyl., Lichen aipospilus Wahlenb., Parmelia aipospila (Wahlenb.) Ach., Parmelia maritima (Sommerf.) Spreng., Patellaria aipospila (Wahlenb.) Spreng.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McCune (2017)
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
[Lecanora brunonis Tuck.]
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
# = various fungi of uncertain status: e.g.: those which are questionably or weakly lichen-forming; or algicolous/saprophytic; or parasitic when young but saprophytic or lichen-forming when mature; or lichenicolous lichens., source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
[Lecania coerulescens var. coeruleorubella Mudd]
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
[Catillaria croatica Zahlbr., Coppinsidea croatica (Zahlbr.) S.Y. Kondr., Farkas & Lőkös]
source: Harris & Lendemer (2010)
[Bacidia albidocarnea subsp. chlorotropoides (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bacidia albidocarnea var. alborubella (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia albidocarnea var. albovirella (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia alborubella (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Bacidia albovirella (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Bacidia chlorotropoides (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Bacidia cuprea (A. Massal.) Lettau, Bacidia cuprea var. albovirella (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia cuprea var. cuprea (A. Massal.) Lettau, Bacidia cupreorosella (Nyl.) A. Schneid., Bacidia herbidula (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Bacidia prasinoides (Nyl.) Nyl., Biatora cupreorosella (Nyl.) anon., Biatora prasinolepis (Nyl.) Walt. Watson, Bilimbia albidocarnea subsp. chlorotropoides (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia albidocarnea var. alborubella (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia albidocarnea var. albovirella (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia cuprea A. Massal., Bilimbia cuprea f. cuprea A. Massal., Bilimbia cuprea f. solvescens (Nyl.) Szatala, Bilimbia cupreorosella (Nyl.) anon., Bilimbia herbidula (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Bilimbia prasinoides (Nyl.) Arnold, Catillaria herbidula (Nyl.) Hulting, Catillaria umbraticula (Nyl.) P. James, Lecania umbraticula (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Lecanora umbraticula Nyl., Lecidea alborubella Nyl., Lecidea albovirella Nyl., Lecidea chlorotropoides Nyl., Lecidea herbidula Nyl., Lecidea prasinoides Nyl., Lecidea umbraticula (Nyl.) A.L. Sm.]
[Biatora cyrtella (Ach.) Mann, Biatorina cyrtella (Ach.) Körb., Biatorina sambucina Körb., Bilimbia anomala Mudd, Bilimbia cyrtella (Ach.) Branth & Rostr., Lecania cyrtella subsp. cyrtella (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecania sambucina (Körb.) Arnold, Lecaniella cyrtella (Ach.) Jatta, Lecaniella sambucina (Körb.) Jatta, Lecanora cyrtella (Ach.) Röhl., Lecidea cyrtella Ach., Lecidea cyrtella subsp. cyrtella Ach., Lecidea cyrtella subsp. heeri (Hepp ex A. Massal.) Nyl., Lecidea cyrtella subsp. heerii (Hepp ex A. Massal.) Nyl., Lichen cyrtellus (Ach.) Sm., Patellaria cyrtella (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Sporoblastia cyrtella (Ach.) Trevis.]
[Biatorina dimera (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatorina dubitans (Nyl.) Arnold, Dimerospora dimera (Nyl.) P. Syd., Flecht. Deutschl.: 102 (1887), Lecania cyrtella var. dimera (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Flora Lich. Orne 2: 164 (1884), Lecania dimera (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Lecania syringea var. dimera (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Flora Lich. Orne 2: 164 (1884), Lecaniella dubitans (Nyl.) S.Y. Kondr., Lecanora dimera Nyl., Lecanora dimera f. dubitans (Nyl.) Vain., Lecanora dimera var. dubitans (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecanora dubitans (Nyl.) C.W. Dodge, Lecanora sambuci subsp. dimera (Nyl.) Wheldon & A. Wilson, Lecidea dubitans Nyl.]
[Biatora erysibe (Ach.) Fr., Biatora luteola var. erysibe (Ach.) Steud. & Hochst., Biatora rabenhorstii var. erysibe (Ach.) Rabenh., Biatora vernalis var. erysibe (Ach.) Trevis., Biatorina erysibe (Ach.) Zwackh, Biatorina proteiformis var. erysibe (Ach.) Stein, Biatorina rabenhorstii var. erysibe (Ach.) Anzi, Dimerospora proteiformis f. erysibe (Ach.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Dimerospora proteiformis var. erysibe (Ach.) Stein, Lecania cyrtella var. erysibe (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecania erysibe f. sorediata J.R. Laundon, Lecania proteiformis var. erysibe (Ach.) Flagey, Lecania rabenhorstii f. erysibe (Ach.) Arnold, Lecania rabenhorstii var. erysibe (Ach.) Arnold, Lecaniella erysibe (Ach.) S.Y. Kondr., Lecanora erysibe (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora erysibe var. erysibe (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora erysibe var. sincerior Nyl., Lecidea erysibe (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea luteola var. erysibe (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea vernalis var. erysibe (Ach.) Meyer ex Flot., Lichen erysibe Ach., Patellaria rabenhorstii var. erysibe (Ach.) Hepp, Patellaria vernalis var. erysibe (Ach.) Becker]
source: Thomson (1997)
[Biatora franciscana Tuck., Catillaria franciscana (Tuck.) Herre]
source: Knudsen & Lendemer (2007)
[Lecania syringea (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecanora fuscella (Schaer.) A. Massal., Lecanora syringea (Ach.) Hue, Parmelia hagenii var. syringea Ach., Parmelia pallida var. fuscella Schaer., Patellaria fuscella (Schaer.) Körb.]
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
[Placolecania hassei Zahlbr., Solenopsora hassei (Zahlbr.) Zahlbr.]
[Biatorina hutchinsiae (Nyl.) Arnold, Lecania albocarnea Nyl., Lecaniella hutchinsiae (Nyl.) S.Y. Kondr., Lecanora hutchinsiae Nyl., Lecidea albocarnea Nyl.]
source: Spribille et al. (2010)
[Biatorina inundata Hepp ex Körb., Patellaria inundata (Hepp ex Körb.) Hepp]
source: van den Boom & Ryan (2004b)
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McCune (2017)
source: Reese Naesborg (2008)
[Bacidia naegelii (Hepp) Zahlbr., Bacidia naegelii f. cervinocincta Erichsen, Bacidia naegelii f. naegelii (Hepp) Zahlbr., Bacidia naegelii f. pallescens (Anzi) Grummann, Bacidia naegelii f. vacillans (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Biatora naegelii Hepp, Bilimbia naegelii (Hepp) Kremp., Bilimbia sphaeroides var. naegelii (Hepp) Boistel, Buellia naegelii (Hepp) McClatchie, Lecaniella naegelii (Hepp) S.Y. Kondr., Lecanora naegelii (Hepp) Nyl., Lecidea naegelii (Hepp) Stizenb., Lecidea naegelii var. naegelii (Hepp) Stizenb., Lecidea naegelii var. vacillans (Nyl.) Vain., Patellaria naegelii (Hepp) Müll.Arg., Sporoblastia naegelii (Hepp) Trevis., Weitenwebera naegelii (Hepp) Poetsch]
source: Ekman (1996)
[Lecanora nylanderiana (A. Massal.) Stizenb.]
source: van den Boom & B. D. Ryan (2004b)
[Callopisma genevense Müll.Arg., Candelariella genevensis (Müll. Arg.) M. Choisy, Lecania genevensis (Müll. Arg.) Lettau, Lecaniella polycycla (Anzi) Jatta, Lecanora genevensis (Müll.Arg.) Stizenb., Rinodina polycycla Anzi]
source: van den Boom & B. D. Ryan (2004b)
[Lecaniella prasinoides (Elenkin) S.Y. Kondr.]
source: Reese Naesborg (2008)
[Biatora rabenhorstii (Hepp) Rabenh., Biatorina proteiformis var. rabenhorstii (Hepp) A. Massal., Biatorina rabenhorstii (Hepp) A. Massal., Lecania erysibe var. rabenhorstii (Hepp) Mudd, Lecaniella rabenhorstii (Hepp) Jatta, Lecanora rabenhorstii (Hepp) Stizenb., Patellaria rabenhorstii Hepp, Sporoblastia rabenhorstii (Hepp) Trevis.]
source: van den Boom & B. D. Ryan (2004b)
source: van den Boom & B. D. Ryan (2004b)
[Bacidia stigmatella (Tuck.) Zahlbr., Biatora stigmatella Tuck.]
source: Ekman (1996)
[Bacidia circumpallens (Nyl.) Arnold, Bacidia siberiensis (Willey) Zahlbr., Bacidia sibiriensis (Willey) Zahlbr., Bacidia subfuscula (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Bilimbia subfuscula (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Bilimbia subfuscula f. frigida Th. Fr., Bilimbia subfuscula f. subfuscula (Nyl.) Th. Fr., Lecidea circumpallens Nyl., Lecidea subfuscula Nyl.]
source: Ekman (1996)
[Biatora turicensis Hepp, Biatora turicensis var. farinosa A. Massal., Biatora turicensis var. turicensis Hepp, Biatorina albariella (Nyl.) Arnold, Biatorina turicensis (Hepp) A. Massal., Lecania albariella (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Lecania albariella f. nigra (B. de Lesd.) Zahlbr., Lecania albariella var. albariella (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Lecania albariella var. subcaesia (Nyl.) Müll.Arg., Lecania phaeoleucodes (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecaniella turicensis (Hepp) Jatta, Lecanora albariella Nyl., Lecanora albariella f. nigra B. de Lesd., Lecanora albariella var. albariella Nyl., Lecanora albariella var. subcaesia Nyl., Lecanora phaeoleucodes Nyl., Lecanora turicensis (Hepp) Harm., Sporoblastia turicensis (Hepp) Trevis.]
Egea et al. 2004b, as Lecanographa “aff.” aggregata, source: Egea et al. (2004b)
[Bilimbia amylacea (Ehrh. ex Pers.) Boistel, Lecanactis amylacea (Ehrh. ex Pers.) Arnold, Lecanactis illecebrosa (Dufour) Fr., Lecanactis illecebrosa var. illecebrosa (Dufour) Fr., Lecanactis illecebrosa var. megaspora G. Merr., Lichen amylaceus Ehrh. ex Pers., Opegrapha amylacea (Ehrh. ex Pers.) Chevall., Opegrapha illecebrosa Dufour, Schismatomma amylaceum (Ehrh. ex Pers.) A. Massal., Schismatomma amylaceum var. amylaceum (Ehrh. ex Pers.) A. Massal., Schismatomma illecebrosum (Dufour) A. Massal.]
source: Egea et al. (2004b)
[Opegrapha brattiae Egea & Ertz]
source: Ertz & Tehler (2011)
[Lecanactis dimelaenoides Egea & Torrente]
[Ingaderia troglodytica Feige & Lumbsch, Lecanactis delimis (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Lecanactis grumulosa (Dufour) Fr., Lecanactis grumulosa var. grumulosa (Dufour) Fr., Lecanactis grumulosa var. monstrosa (Bagl.) Egea & Torrente, Lecanactis gumulosa var. monstrosa (Bagl.) Grummann, Lecanactis hemisphaerica J.R. Laundon, Lecanactis mirifica (Stirt.) A.L. Sm., Lecanactis monstrosa Bagl., Lecanactis monstrosa subsp. doerfleri (Zahlbr.) Lettau, Lecanactis monstrosa subsp. monstrosa Bagl., Lecanactis monstrosa var. grumulosa (Dufour) Lettau, Lecanactis monstrosa var. monstrosa Bagl., Lecanactis nothiza (Nyl.) P. James, Lecanographa hemisphaerica (J.R. Laundon) Egea & Torrente, Lecidea delimis Nyl., Opegrapha grumulosa Dufour, Opegrapha grumulosa f. grumulosa Dufour, Opegrapha grumulosa f. rosea Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Opegrapha grumulosa var. arthonioidea Nyl., Opegrapha grumulosa var. dirinaria Nyl., Opegrapha grumulosa var. grumulosa Dufour, Opegrapha grumulosa var. platycarpa Nyl., Opegrapha grumulosa var. rubescens Faurel, Ozenda & Schotter, Opegrapha grumulosa var. thelopsisocia B. de Lesd., Opegrapha mirifica Stirt., Opegrapha nothiza Nyl., Paralecanographa grumulosa (Dufour) Ertz & Tehler]
* = lichenicolous fungi (parasites on living lichens), Record questionable for North America
[Lecanactis nashii Egea & Torrente, Opegrapha hassei Zahlbr., Opegrapha hypothallina (Zahlbr.) Tehler, Platygrapha hypothallina Zahlbr., Schismatomma hypothallinum (Zahlbr.) Hasse]
source: Lendemer & Knudsen (2010)
[Arthonia lyncea (Sm.) Ach., Lecidea lyncea (Sm.) Ach., Lichen lynceus Sm., Opegrapha lyncea (Sm.) Borrer ex Hook., Opegrapha lyncea f. lyncea (Sm.) Borrer ex Hook., Opegrapha lyncea f. nigra (DC.) M. Choisy, Spiloma lyncea (Sm.) Ach.]
[Lecanactis lynceoides (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Opegrapha lynceoides Müll.Arg.]
source: Egea et al. (2004b)
[Lecanactis subdryophila Follmann & Vezda]
source: Lücking et al. (2011b)
[Lecidea aitema Ach.]
[Lecanora albella f. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella subsp. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella var. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella var. rubescens (Imshaug & Brodo) Lumbsch, Lecanora pallida var. rubescens Imshaug & Brodo, Lecanora subalbella Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. albella (Pers.) Leight., Lichen albellus Pers., Lichen pallidus Schreb., Parmelia albella (Pers.) Ach., Parmelia pallida var. albella (Pers.) Schaer., Psora albella (Pers.) Hampe, Rinodina albella (Pers.) Gray, Verrucaria albella (Pers.) Hoffm.]
[Lecanora albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella f. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella subsp. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella var. rubescens (Imshaug & Brodo) Lumbsch, Lecanora pallida var. rubescens Imshaug & Brodo, Lecanora subalbella Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. albella (Pers.) Leight., Lichen albellus Pers., Lichen pallidus Schreb., Parmelia albella (Pers.) Ach., Parmelia pallida var. albella (Pers.) Schaer., Psora albella (Pers.) Hampe, Rinodina albella (Pers.) Gray, Verrucaria albella (Pers.) Hoffm.]
[Lecanora albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella f. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella subsp. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora albella var. albella (Pers.) Ach., Lecanora pallida var. rubescens Imshaug & Brodo, Lecanora subalbella Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. albella (Pers.) Leight., Lichen albellus Pers., Lichen pallidus Schreb., Parmelia albella (Pers.) Ach., Parmelia pallida var. albella (Pers.) Schaer., Psora albella (Pers.) Hampe, Rinodina albella (Pers.) Gray, Verrucaria albella (Pers.) Hoffm.]
[Lecanora piniperda Körb., Lecanora piniperda f. detrusa (Th. Fr.) Hedl., Lecanora piniperda f. nigrescens Hedl., Lecanora piniperda f. piniperda Körb., Lecanora piniperda f. polita Hedl., Lecanora piniperda subsp. piniperda Körb., Lecanora piniperda subsp. sarcopisoides (A. Massal.) Hedl., Lecanora piniperda var. glaucella (Flot.) Körb., Lecanora piniperda var. ochrostoma (Hepp) Körb., Lecanora piniperda var. piniperda Körb., Lecanora piniperda var. prorumpens Erichsen]
source: Printzen (2001)
[Aspicilia albopruinosa (Looman nom. illegit.) ined., Aspicilia calcarea var. contorta (Hoffm.) Hepp, Aspicilia calcarea var. hoffmannii (Ach.) Stein, Aspicilia contorta (Hoffm.) Krempelh., Aspicilia contorta f. albocincta (J. Steiner) Szatala, Aspicilia contorta f. contorta (Hoffm.) Körb., Aspicilia contorta f. corticola Hepp, Aspicilia contorta f. ochrocincta (J. Steiner) Szatala, Aspicilia contorta subsp. contorta (Hoffm.) Körb., Aspicilia contorta subsp. hoffmanniana S. Ekman & Fröberg, Aspicilia contorta var. albocincta (J. Steiner) Szatala, Aspicilia contorta var. budapestiensis Gyeln., Aspicilia contorta var. caesioalba (Le Prévost) Kremp., Aspicilia contorta var. cinereovirens (A. Massal.) Kremp., Aspicilia contorta var. contorta (Hoffm.) Körb., Aspicilia contorta var. disseminata (J. Steiner) Szatala, Aspicilia contorta var. hoffmannii (Ach.) Szatala, Aspicilia contorta var. murorum (A. Massal.) Szatala, Aspicilia hoffmannii (Ach.) Flagey, Aspicilia hoffmannii var. hoffmannii (Ach.) Flagey, Aspicilia hoffmannii var. muricola B. de Lesd., Aspicilia hoffmannii var. muricota B. de Lesd., Circinaria contorta (Hoffm.) A. Nordin, Savić & Tibell, Lecanora calcarea var. contorta (Hoffm.) Hepp, Lecanora calcarea var. hoffmannii (Ach.) Sommerf., Lecanora contorta (Hoffm.) Stein., Lecanora contorta f. contorta (Hoffm.) J. Steiner, Lecanora contorta f. murorum (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Lecanora contorta f. ochrocincta (J. Steiner) Zahlbr., Lecanora contorta var. albocincta J. Steiner, Lecanora contorta var. cinereovirens (A. Massal.) Zahlbr., Lecanora contorta var. contorta (Hoffm.) J. Steiner, Lecanora contorta var. disseminata J. Steiner, Lecanora contorta var. terricola Szatala, Lecanora hoffmannii (Ach.) Müll.Arg., Lichen contortus (Hoffm.) Dicks., Lichen hoffmannii Ach., Pachyospora hoffmannii (Ach.) M. Choisy, Parmelia contorta (Hoffm.) Spreng., Urceolaria contorta (Hoffm.) DC., Urceolaria hoffmannii (Ach.) Ach., Verrucaria contorta Hoffm.]
Lecanora albopruinosa Looman 1963 is a later and therefore illegitimate homonym of L. albopruinosa (Arnold) Nyl. 1882; the taxon is not a Lecanora and should be transferred to Aspicilia.
[Lecanora subfusca Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca f. alboflavescens (A. Massal.) Jatta, Lecanora subfusca f. allophana Ach., Lecanora subfusca f. aspicilioides Harm., Lecanora subfusca f. conferta Hillmann, Lecanora subfusca f. cretacea Malbr., Lecanora subfusca f. dispersa Hillmann, Lecanora subfusca f. expansa (Ach.) Zahlbr., Lecanora subfusca f. exuta Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. flavescens Sommerf., Lecanora subfusca f. melacarpoides Zahlbr., Lecanora subfusca f. paupera Th. Fr., Lecanora subfusca f. pinastri (Schaer.) Cromb., Lecanora subfusca f. sorediella Arnold, Lecanora subfusca f. spodophaeoides Leight., Lecanora subfusca f. sublactea Harm., Lecanora subfusca f. transcendens Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. albella (Pers.) Fr., Lecanora subfusca var. albidolutescens Tuck., Lecanora subfusca var. anomala Meyen & Flot., Lecanora subfusca var. argentata Ach., Lecanora subfusca var. atrynea Ach., Lecanora subfusca var. biatorea Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. bryophila Schaer., Lecanora subfusca var. campestris (Schaer.) Rabenh., Lecanora subfusca var. castanea Meyen & Flot., Lecanora subfusca var. cenisia Stizenb., Lecanora subfusca var. chlarothera (Nyl.) Vain., Lecanora subfusca var. circumplumescens Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. compacta Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca var. conjugens Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca var. distans (Pers.) D. Dietr., Lecanora subfusca var. duplicata Tuck., Lecanora subfusca var. excrescens Hillmann, Lecanora subfusca var. flavescens Sommerf., Lecanora subfusca var. geographica A. Massal., Lecanora subfusca var. glebulosa Flot., Lecanora subfusca var. hypnorum (Wulfen) Schaer., Lecanora subfusca var. innovata Hillmann, Lecanora subfusca var. lecideoides Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. margaritacea Körb., Lecanora subfusca var. melaleuca Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca var. melanocardia Tuck., Lecanora subfusca var. mesophana Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. minor Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca var. orbicularis A. Massal. ex Bagl., Lecanora subfusca var. pallidevirens Meyen & Flot., Lecanora subfusca var. pelidnocarpa Mont., Lecanora subfusca var. rufa (Weiss) Ach., Lecanora subfusca var. subcrenulata Vain., Lecanora subfusca var. subgranulata Nyl., Lecanora subfusca var. testaceopallida Müll.Arg., Lecanora subfusca var. variolosa Körb.]
source: Lendemer & Tripp (2015)
source: Knudsen et al. (2014c)
[Biatora pullula Tuck., Lecidea pullula (Tuck.) Zahlbr.]
source: Pérez-Ortega et al. (2010)
[Lecanora subfusca f. argentata (Ach.) Flot., Lecanora subfuscata H. Magn., Lecanora subfuscata f. geographica (Flagey) Szatala, Lecanora subfuscata f. lignicola Szatala, Lecanora subfuscata f. melacarpa (Harm.) Szatala, Lecanora subfuscata f. subfuscata H. Magn., Lecanora subfuscata f. variolosa (Körb.) Grummann, Lecanora subfuscata var. excrescens (Hillmann) Hillmann, Lecanora subfuscata var. rhododendri Poelt, Lecanora subfuscata var. subfuscata H. Magn., Lecanora subfuscata var. variolosa Körb., Parmelia subfusca var. argentata Ach., Urceolaria acharii var. argentata Ach.]
[Lecanora fuliginosa Brodo]
[Lecanora argopholis f. argopholis (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora argopholis f. grisea Čern., Lecanora argopholis f. viridis Čern., Lecanora blyttii (Fr.) Schaer., Lecanora frustulosa f. grisea (Cern.) Zahlbr., Lecanora frustulosa f. muscicola Tomin, Lecanora frustulosa f. viridis (Cern.) Zahlbr., Lecanora frustulosa var. argopholis (Ach.) Fr., Lecanora frustulosa var. candida Cretz., Lecanora frustulosa var. occidentalis Lynge, Lecanora frustulosa var. subventosa Nyl., Lecanora frustulosa var. thiodes (Spreng.) Link, Lecanora occidentalis (Lynge) Lynge, Lecanora oregana Tuck., Lecanora sarcopis f. saxicola Nyl. ex Norrlin, Lecanora subventosa (Nyl.) Nyl., Lecanora thiodes Spreng., Lichen argopholis (Ach.) Wahlenb., Parmelia atra var. argopholis Ach., Parmelia blyttii Fr., Parmelia oreina var. macropsis D. Dietr., Schistoplaca argopholis (Ach.) Brusse]
[Lichen atrosulphureus Wahlenb., Parmelia atrosulphurea (Wahlenb.) Fr., Patellaria atrosulphurea (Wahlenb.) Spreng.]
source: Lendemer & Knudsen (2009)
[Lecanora rupicola var. bicincta (Ramond) Clauzade & Cl. Roux]
[Biatora cadubriae A. Massal., Lecidea cadubriae (A. Massal.) Th. Fr., Lecidea cadubriae var. cadubriae (A. Massal.) Th. Fr., Lecidea cadubriae var. heterella Nyl.]
[Lecanora australiensis Zahlbr., Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. caesiorubella Ach., Lecanora cancriformis (Hoffm.) Vain., Lecanora leucoma Nyl., Lecanora pallida var. caesiorubella (Ach.) H. Magn., Lecanora pulverata Stirt., Parmelia caesiorubella (Ach.) Fr., Patellaria caesiorubella (Ach.) Trevis., Verrucaria cancriformis Hoffm.]
[Lecanora australiensis Zahlbr., Lecanora caesiorubella Ach., Lecanora cancriformis (Hoffm.) Vain., Lecanora leucoma Nyl., Lecanora pallida var. caesiorubella (Ach.) H. Magn., Lecanora pulverata Stirt., Parmelia caesiorubella (Ach.) Fr., Patellaria caesiorubella (Ach.) Trevis., Verrucaria cancriformis Hoffm.]
[Lecanora glaucomodes Nyl., Lecanora glaucomodes var. albopruinosa (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Lecanora glaucomodes var. densa H. Magn., Lecanora glaucomodes var. glaucomodes Nyl.]
[Lecanora neomerrillii L.A. Santos, Aptroot, M. Cáceres and Lücking]
[Lecanora cenisia var. soredians Suza]
source: Miller et al. (2005)
source: Lumbsch et al. (2003)
[Courtoisia angulosa (Schreb.) March.{?}, Lecanora albella subsp. angulosa (Schreb.) Cromb., Lecanora albella var. angulosa (Schreb.) Flot., Lecanora angulosa (Schreb.) Ach., Lecanora angulosa f. angulosa (Schreb.) Ach., Lecanora angulosa f. fuscella Mereschk., Lecanora angulosa f. lacteofarinosa Lettau, Lecanora angulosa f. lignatilis Nyl., Lecanora angulosa f. subangulosa W. Johnson, Lecanora angulosa var. albopruinosa Stirt., Lecanora angulosa var. angulosa (Schreb.) Ach., Lecanora angulosa var. indurata Ach., Lecanora angulosa var. leptyrea Ach., Lecanora carpinea f. carpinea (L.) Vain., Lecanora carpinea var. carpinea (L.) Vain., Lecanora subfusca f. angulosa (Schreb.) Leight., Lichen angulosus Schreb., Lichen carpineus L., Parmelia angulosa (Schreb.) Ach., Patellaria angulosa (Schreb.) Hoffm., Verrucaria angulosa (Schreb.) Hoffm.]
[Lecanora subfusca var. cateilea Ach.]
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Parmelia cenisia (Ach.) Fr., Patellaria cenisia (Ach.) Trevis., Urceolaria cenisia (Ach.) Link, Zeora cenisia (Ach.) Flot.]
[Lecanora chlarotera f. crassula (H. Magn.) Poelt, Lecanora crassula H. Magn., Lecanora distincta var. chlarona Ach., Lecanora subfusca var. chlarona (Ach.) Ach.]
source: Spribille et al. (2010)
[Lecanora fugiens var. chlorophaeodes (Nyl.) A.L. Sm.]
[Lecanora comoduensis T.H. Nash & Hertel]
source: Nash & Hertel (1997)
source: Printzen (2001)
source: Lumbsch et al. (2003)
source: Lücking et al. (2011b)
[Lichen epanorus Ach., Patellaria epanora (Ach.) Trevis.]
[Lecanora subfusca var. epibryon (Ach.) Sommerf., Lichen epibryon Ach., Parmelia epibryon (Ach.) Ach.]
[Lecanora conizaea (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora conizaea f. conizaea (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora conizaea f. variola Arnold, Lecanora conizaea var. conizaea (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora conizaea var. conizaeoides (Nyl. ex Cromb.) A.L. Sm., Lecanora expallens var. conizaea Ach., Lecidea expallens (Ach.) Borrer, Lepraria expallens (Ach.) Fr., Rinodina conizaea (Ach.) Nyl.]
[Lecanora frustulosa f. frustulosa (Dicks.) Ach., Lecanora frustulosa var. frustulosa (Dicks.) Ach., Lecanora frustulosa var. ludwigii (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecanora hydrophila Sommerf., Lecanora ludwigii (Spreng.) Ach., Lecanora ludwigii var. frustulosa (Dicks.) H. Olivier, Lecanora ludwigii var. ludwigii (Spreng.) Ach., Lichen frustulosus Dicks., Lichen ludwigii (Spreng.) Schrad., Parmelia frustulosa (Dicks.) Ach., Parmelia ludwigii Spreng., Patellaria frustulosa (Dicks.) Trevis., Placodium frustulosum (Dicks.) Flot., Rinodina frustulosa (Dicks.) Gray]
source: Spribille et al. (2010)
[Biatora fuscescens (Sommerf.) Fr., Biatorella fuscescens (Sommerf.) Boistel, Lecidea fuscescens Sommerf., Lecidea fuscescens f. boligera Th. Fr., Lecidea fuscescens f. fuscescens Sommerf.]
[Lecanora atrynea var. melacarpa Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. melacarpa (Nyl. ex Cromb.) Leight.]
[Lecanora subfusca var. glabrata Ach., Lecanora subfuscata f. glabrata (Ach.) Poelt, Parmelia subfusca var. glabrata (Ach.) Schaer.]
source: Rajvanshi et al. (1998)
[Lecania helicopis (Wahlenb.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Lecania prosechoides (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecania prosechoides f. obscurior (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecania prosechoides f. prosechoides (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecania prosechoides f. sublutior (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Lecania prosechoides var. aeruginascens (Wedd.) H. Olivier, Lecania prosechoides var. prosechoides (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Lecania prosechoidiza (Nyl.) A.L. Sm., Lecanora prosechoides Nyl., Lecanora prosechoides f. obscurior Nyl., Lecanora prosechoides f. prosechoides Nyl., Lecanora prosechoides f. sublutior Nyl., Lecanora prosechoides var. aeruginascens Wedd., Lecanora prosechoides var. prosechoides Nyl., Lecanora prosechoidiza Nyl., Lecidea helicopis Wahlenb., Urceolaria helicopis (Wahlenb.) Schaer.]
(identification uncertain)
[Lecanora laevis Poelt, Lecanora parisiensis Nyl., Lecanora subfusca f. parisiensis (Nyl.) Hue, Lecanora subfusca var. horiza Ach., Zeora horiza (Ach.) Flot.]
[Lecanora pseudochlarotera Brodo, Parmelia hybocarpa Tuck.]
source: Seavey & Seavey (2012)
[Lecidea hypoptoides Nyl.]
[Lecanora chloropolia (Erichsen) Almb., Lecanora chloropolia f. cana (Erichsen) Grummann, Lecanora chloropolia f. chloropolia (Erichsen) Almb., Lecanora chloropolia f. maculata Erichsen]
In eastern N.A. at least, a misapplied name (Lendemer et al. 2013).
source: Morse & Ladd (2016)
[Biatora polytropa var. intricata (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecanora mutabilis (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora varia var. intricata (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecidea intricata (Ach.) Borrer, Parmelia intricata Ach., Patellaria intricata (Ach.) Spreng., Patellaria mutabilis (Ach.) Trevis.]
[Lecanora hispanica I. Ibáñez & Burgaz, Parmelia intumescens Rebent., Patellaria intumescens (Rebent.) Trevis.]
source: Tønsberg (1997)
source: Printzen (2001)
source: Lendemer (2015)
[Lecanora intricata var. leptacina (Sommerf.) Stizenb.]
[Biatora elata (Schaer.) Hepp, Lecidea amylacea Ach., Lecidea elata Schaer., Lecidea elata var. elata Schaer., Lecidea elata var. formata Maheu & A. Gillet, Lecidea elata var. marginata (Schaer.) A. Massal., Lecidea elata var. prochsthallina A. Massal., Lecidea elata var. subfarinosa H. Magn., Lecidea elata var. violascens Lynge, Lecidea marginata Schaer., Lecidea marginata subsp. elata (Schaer.) Clauzade & Cl. Roux, Lecidea marginata subsp. marginata Schaer., Lecidea marginata var. elata (Schaer.) Anzi, Lecidea marginata var. marginata Schaer., Lecidea marginata var. subfarinosa (H. Magn.) J. Nowak & Tobol., Lecidea purissima Darb., Lecidella elata (Schaer.) Körb., Lecidella marginata (Schaer.) Körb., Patellaria elata (Schaer.) Duby]
source: Lendemer et al. (2013)
source: Knudsen & Lendemer (2009c)
source: Ryan et al. (2004)
[Squamarina degelii Frey & Poelt]
source: Ryan et al. (2004)
source: LaGreca & Lumbsch (2001)
[Aspicilia oreinoides Körb., Carbonea oreinoides (Körb.) Brusse, Lecidea angolensis Müll.Arg., Lecidea angolensis var. angolensis Müll.Arg., Lecidea angolensis var. orientalis J. Steiner, Lecidea angolensis var. riograndensis Malme, Lecidea angolensis var. vegetior Zahlbr., Lecidea lactea f. oreinoides (Körb.) Nyl., Lecidea mundula Müll.Arg., Lecidea oreinoides (Körb.) Hochst, Lecidea pantherina f. oreinoides (Körb.) Zahlbr., Lecidea tennessensis Nyl.]
source: Lumbsch et al. (2003)
[Biatora orosthea (Ach.) W. Mann, Lecanora orosthea f. orosthea (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora orosthea var. orosthea (Ach.) Ach., Lecanora sulphurea var. orosthea (Ach.) Flagey, Lecanora varia var. orosthea (Ach.) Nyl., Lecidea orosthea (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea orosthea f. laevior (Vain.) Vain., Lecidea orosthea f. orosthea (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea orosthea f. sublivescens (Nyl.) Vain., Lecidea orosthea var. orosthea (Ach.) Ach., Lecidea orosthea var. sublivescens Nyl., Lecidea sulphurea var. orosthea (Ach.) Flagey, Lichen orostheus Ach., Parmelia orosthea (Ach.) Fr., Patellaria orosthea (Ach.) Spreng., Zeora orosthea (Ach.) Flot.]
[Lecanora tetraspora H. Magn.]
[Biatora paddensis Tuck., Lecidea paddensis (Tuck.) Zahlbr.]
source: McCune et al. (2014b)
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McCune (2017)
[Aspicilia permutata (Zahlbr.) Clauzade & Rondon, Lecanora krempelhuberi Jatta nom. illegit., Oxneriaria permutata (Zahlbr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Lőkös]
[Biatora phaeophora Stizenb. ex Hasse, Lecidea phaeophora Stizenb.]
[Polycauliona phryganitis (Tuck.) Hue]
[Fuscidea placidensis (H. Magn.) R.C. Harris, Lecidea placidensis H. Magn., Lecidella placidensis (H. Magn.) R.C. Harris]
source: Knoph & Leuckert (1994)
source: Nash et al. (1998)
[Lecanora spodophaea (Wahlenb.) Ach., Lichen poliophaeus (Wahlenb.) Wahlenb., Lichen spodophaeus Wahlenb., Parmelia poliophaea Wahlenb., Parmelia spodophaea (Wahlenb.) Ach.]
[Biatora polytropa (Ehrh.) Fr., Biatora polytropa f. conglobata Flot. ex Körb., Biatora polytropa f. polytropa (Hoffm.) Fr., Biatora polytropa var. polytropa (Hoffm.) Fr., Lecanora efflorescens (Cromb.) Lettau, Lecanora polytropa f. alpigena (Ach.) Schaer., Lecanora polytropa f. efflorescens Cromb., Lecanora polytropa f. illusoria (Ach.) Leight., Lecanora polytropa var. alpigena (Ach.) Rabenh., Lecanora varia var. alpigena Ach., Lecanora varia var. illusoria Ach., Lecidea polytropa (Ehrh.) Ach., Lichen atrovirens Wulfen, Lichen polytropus (Ehrh.) Ehrh., Parmelia polytropa (Ehrh.) Schaer., Parmelia polytropa f. acrustacea Schaer., Parmelia polytropa f. polytropa (Ehrh.) Schaer., Patellaria polytropa (Ehrh.) Hoffm., Verrucaria polytropa Ehrh.]
[Lecanora distans (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora distans f. distans (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora distans f. subangulosa Räsänen, Lichen distans Pers., Lichen populicola (DC.) Lam., Parmelia distans (Pers. ex Ach.) Mart., Patellaria populicola DC.]
[Lecanora pringlei subsp. pringlei (Tuck.) I.M. Lamb, Lecidea pringlei Tuck., Pulvinora pringlei (Tuck.) Davydov, Yakovch., Hollinger, Bungartz & Printzen]
source: Ryan et al. (2004)
[Lecanora brandegeei (Tuck.) Davydov, Yakovch. & Printzen, Lecidea brandegeei Tuck.]
source: Barrett & Thomson (1975)
[Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. lathamii Imshaug & Brodo, Lecanora caesiorubella subsp. prolifera (Fink) R.C. Harris, Lecanora pallida subsp. prolifera Fink ex J. Hedrick, Lecanora subpallida G. Merr.]
source: Stirton (1876)
source: LaGreca & Lumbsch (2001)
[Lecanora campestris f. pseudistera (Nyl.) Grummann, Lecanora convexella Räsänen, Lecanora galactinula Vain., Lecanora glebularis (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr., Lecanora melanophthalma var. subpeltata (Lynge) Lynge, Lecanora subfuscella Räsänen, Lecanora subpeltata Lynge, Omphalodina subpeltata (Lynge) Klem., Placodium glebulare Müll.Arg.]
source: Esslinger & Tucker (2009)
[Lecanora chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. fuegiensis Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona f. geographica Nyl., Lecanora chlarona f. lignicola Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona f. minor H. Olivier, Lecanora chlarona f. non-reagens Kofler, Lecanora chlarona f. pinastri (Schaer.) Cromb., Lecanora chlarona f. pulicaris (Pers.) Poelt, Lecanora chlarona f. rhododendri Harm., Lecanora chlarona var. chlarona (Ach.) Nyl., Lecanora chlarona var. fuegiensis Räsänen, Lecanora chlarona var. incurvodentata Mereschk., Lecanora chlorona, Lecanora coilocarpa f. pulicaris (Pers.) Nyl. ex Cromb., Lecanora pinastri (Schaer.) H. Magn., Lecanora pinastri f. minor (H. Olivier) M. Choisy, Lecanora pinastri f. pinastri (Schaer.) H. Magn., Lecanora subfusca var. pinastri Schaer., Patellaria pulicaris Pers.]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: Knudsen et al. (2017)
source: LaGreca & Lumbsch (2001)
[Arthonia varians var. sordida (Pers.) Willey, Aspicilia lindsayi Walt. Watson, Glaucomaria rupicola (L.) M. Choisy, Glaucomaria sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr., Lecanora glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora glaucoma f. coerulata Ach., Lecanora glaucoma f. glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora glaucoma f. inflexa W. Johnson ex Cromb., Lecanora glaucoma subsp. glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora glaucoma var. contaminata Ach., Lecanora glaucoma var. glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora glaucoma var. sulphurata Ach., Lecanora glaucoma var. swartzioides Nyl., Lecanora glaucoma var. variolaroides Sommerf., Lecanora lindsayi (Walt. Watson) Cretz., Lecanora rimosa var. sordida (Pers.) Rabenh., Lecanora rupicola var. glaucescens (Sw.) Zahlbr., Lecanora sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr., Lecanora sordida f. neglecta Räsänen, Lecanora sordida f. obscurata Müll.Arg., Lecanora sordida f. sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr., Lecanora sordida var. bicincta (Ramond) Th. Fr., Lecanora sordida var. flavescens Bagl., Lecanora sordida var. grumosa A. Massal., Lecanora sordida var. inflexa (W. Johnson ex Cromb.) A.L. Sm., Lecanora sordida var. sordida (Pers.) Th. Fr., Lecanora sordida var. swartzii Räsänen, Lecidea glaucoma (Hoffm.) Wahlenb., Lichen glaucescens Westr., Lichen glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Lichen rupicola L., Lichen sordidus Pers., Parmelia glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia glaucoma subsp. glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia glaucoma var. glaucoma (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia glaucoma var. sulphurea Clemente, Parmelia rimosa var. sordida (Pers.) Schaer., Parmelia sordida (Pers.) Fr., Patellaria glaucoma (Hoffm.) Hoffm., Patellaria rupicola (L.) Trevis., Rinodina glaucoma (Hoffm.) Gray, Urceolaria sordida (Pers.) Link, Verrucaria glaucoma Hoffm., Zeora glaucoma var. sordida (Pers.) Flot., Zeora sordida (Pers.) Körb., Zeora sordida var. sordida (Pers.) Körb.]
[Courtoisia effusa (Hoffm.) L. Marchand, Lecanora effusa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora effusa var. effusa (Hoffm.) Ach., Lecanora effusa var. hypopta (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecanora effusa var. ravida (Hoffm.) Th. Fr., Lecanora effusa var. sarcopis (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lecanora saligna var. sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Tomin, Lecanora sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Ach., Lecanora sarcopis f. sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Ach., Lecanora sarcopis var. marina Sommerf., Lecanora sarcopis var. ravida (Hoffm.) Nyl., Lecanora sarcopis var. sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Ach., Lecanora varia var. sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Mudd, Lecanoropsis saligna (Schrad.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis saligna var. ravida (Hoffm.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis saligna var. saligna (Schrad.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) M. Choisy, Lichen salignus Schrad., Lichen sarcopis (Wahlenb. ex Ach.) Wahlenb., Parmelia effusa (Hoffm.) Ach., Parmelia sarcopis Wahlenb., Patellaria effusa (Hoffm.) DC., Rinodina effusa (Hoffm.) Gray, Verrucaria effusa Hoffm., Zeora effusa (Hoffm.) Anzi]
[Biatora sarcopidoides A. Massal., Biatora sarcopidoides f. feracissima Anzi, Biatora sarcopidoides f. sarcopidoides A. Massal., Lecanora piniperda subsp. sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) Hedl., Lecanora sarcopidoides f. sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) Hedl., Lecanora sarcopidoides var. sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) Hedl., Lecanoropsis sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis sarcopidoides f. obscurior (Cromb.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis sarcopidoides f. sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) M. Choisy, Lecidea sarcopidoides (A. Massal.) Ohlert]
source: Hutten et al. (2013)
source: Lendemer & Harris (2014d)
[Lecidea scrobiculata Th. Fr.]
source: Elix & Øvstedal (2004)
source: Lendemer & Knudsen (2009)
[Lecanora intricata var. soralifera Suza]
significant change since the previous checklist version (#21), source: McCune (2017)
[Lecanora polytropa var. stenotropa (Nyl.) A.L. Sm.]
source: LaGreca & Lumbsch (2001)
source: Lendemer & Knudsen (2011)
[Lecanora conizaea f. strobilina (Spreng.) H. Olivier, Lecanora conizaea var. strobilina (Spreng.) Flagey, Lecanora strobilina Ach., Lecanora strobilina Ach. nom. illegit., Lecanora symmicta f. strobilina (Spreng.) H. Olivier, Lecanora varia f. strobilina (Spreng.) Flagey, Lecanora varia var. strobilina (Spreng.) Th. Fr., Parmelia strobilina Spreng.]
[Lecanora varia var. subintricata Nyl., Lecanoropsis subintricata (Nyl.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis subintricata f. ochracea (Harm.) M. Choisy, Lecanoropsis subintricata f. subintricata (Nyl.) M. Choisy]