Nash, T.H., Ryan, B.D., Gries, C., Bungartz, F., (eds.) 2004. Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol 2.

Thallus: crustose, totally leprose, irregular, indeterminate, firmly fastened to the substrate, up to 0.6 mm thick, up to several cm in diam. upper surface: pale gray or pale bluish gray soredia: mostly farinose, 20-45 µm in diam., occasionally coarse and up to 0.1 mm wide, mostly compact, without projecting hyphae medulla: not evident lower surface: not evident, without a tomentum Spot tests: thallus K- , C-, KC- , P+ orange Secondary metabolites: atranorin, stictic acid with satellites, zeorin, ±unidentified fatty acid. Substrate and ecology: on wood, conifer bark, soil and rocks or boulders in mixed conifer forests World distribution: Europe and North America Sonoran distribution: Arizona at 2200-3200 m and southern California.