Thompson, J., 1997. American Arctic Lichens: The Microlichens.
Thallus usually sterile, sepia-brown with slightly frosted appearance, glebulose-areolate with frequent coarse soredia or short isidia; margins of short, 1-2 mm long, contiguous, convex areolae.
This species is found on well-manured, bird-dunged rocks along arctic shores. It has been reported from Spitzbergen, Novaya Zemlya, Finland, Siberia, and several localities in Greenland (Mayrhofer & Poelt 1979; Mayrhofer 1984) but not yet from the American Arctic.