Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis (Gyelnik) Hale  
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Family: Parmeliaceae
[Parmelia imitans var. coloradoënsis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., moreParmelia ioanis-simae Gyeln., Parmelia ioannis-simae var. coloradoënsis Gyeln., Parmelia phaeophana f. coloradoënsis (Gyeln.) Gyeln., Parmelia somloënsis var. rotundata Gyeln., Xanthoparmelia ioanis-simae (Gyeln.) Hale]
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Stephen Sharnoff  
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Botanische Staatssammlung Munchen

Global occurrence: Americas – North America (incl Mexico) | Oceania – Pacific Islands (Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia) | Arctic.  Substrate: rock – siliceous, siliciferous, acidic | rock, stones, pebbles – unspecified.  Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts).  Thallus: foliose (foliaceous), leaf-like; [th] upper surface: yellow(ish) green | green(ish) yellow; [th upper surface]: epruinose; [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (low) 1.5 (high) 3.0; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, squamules): distantly discontiguous; [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: smooth, plane | maculate; [th] lower surface: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon); [th lower surface] specific structures: present; [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizoid structures: present; [th lower surface] rhizines, rhizinoid structures: unbranched, simple.  Ascomata: absent | present; ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial; ascoma [mm]: (low) 3.0 (high) 15.0; ascoma: subpedicellate, substipitate, subpedunculate, substalked; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: plane, flat, flattened, expanded; [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon); [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: epruinose; [ascm, if apoth] margin surface; [if perith] periostiolar area, ostiole, involucrellum: yellow(ish) green | green(ish) yellow; [ascm, if apoth] margin excipular photobionts: present | abundant; [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: hyaline, colourless; [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present; [ascm] epihymenium, epithecium: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon).  Asci: lecanoralean; [asc] tholus: thickened; [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present; [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: amyloid with widening axial body towards the apex (= Lecanora-, Parmelia-, Rinodina-types etc).  Ascospores: (median) 8.0; [asp] shape: ellipsoidal; [asp] length [µm]: (low) 7.0 (high) 9.0; [asp] width [µm]: (low) 4.0 (high) 5.0; [asp] septa: absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular; [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless; [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent.  Conidiomata: absent | present.  Conidia: bifusiform; [co] length [µm]: (low) 4.0 (high) 6.0.  Secondary metabolites: present, consalazinic acid | norstictic acid | protocetraric acid | salazinic acid | usnic acid.  Primary photobiont: present, chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid. Secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent.

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Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis
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Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Stephen Sharnoff  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Stephen Sharnoff  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Jason Hollinger  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Garry Neil  
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
Xanthoparmelia coloradoensis image
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This project made possible by National Science Foundation Awards: #1115116