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Family:
Ramalinaceae
[Biatora helvola subsp. minor (Nyl.) Räsänen, more, Biatorina vernalis (L.) Kernst., Bilimbia vernalis (L.) Trevis., Lecidea luteola var. vernalis (L.) Overeem, Lecidea vernalis (L.) Ach., Lecidea vernalis f. incana Th. Fr., Lecidea vernalis f. minor Nyl., Lecidea vernalis f. pachyloma (Hazsl.) Zahlbr., Lecidea vernalis f. subsylvana Vain., Lecidea vernalis f. vernalis (L.) Ach., Lecidea vernalis subsp. helvola (Körb. ex Hellb.) Th. Fr., Lecidea vernalis subsp. minor (Nyl.) Nyl. ex Norrl., Lecidea vernalis subsp. minuta (Schaer.) Nyl., Lecidea vernalis subsp. tenebricosa Nyl., Lecidea vernalis subsp. vernalis (L.) Ach., Lecidea vernalis var. minor Nyl., Lecidea vernalis var. vernalis (L.) Ach., Lichen vernalis L., Parmelia vernalis (L.) Chevall., Patellaria vernalis (L.) Spreng., Pyrrhospora vernalis (L.) M. Choisy, Secoliga vernalis (L.) Norman, Verrucaria vernalis (L.) Baumg.]
 Stephen Sharnoff |
Life habit: lichenized (mutualistic with algal photobionts) thallus: crustose (crustaceous) – episubstratal – unspecified thallus: granular, granulose, granulate [th] upper surface: grey(ish) | green(ish) | brown(ish) grey | grey(ish) green [th marginal and upper surface] specific structures: absent [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) width [mm]: (low) 0.1 (high) 0.25 [th] morphol substructures (eg areoles, lobes, branches) upper surface: granulose, granular | verrucose, warted ascomata: absent | present ascoma: apothecial, apothecioid – hymenial ascoma [mm]: (low) 0.35 (high) 0.6 (max) 1.45 ascoma: sessile, superficial [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: plane, flat, flattened, expanded | subconvex, slightly convex | convex | distinctly convex | strongly convex, hemispherical, (sub-)globose [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: brown(ish) (if pale: fawn, tan; if mid: cinnamon) | brown(ish) yellow (ochraceous, ochre) | red(dish) brown (if pale: orange brown) [ascm, if apoth] disc, mazaedium: epruinose [ascm, if apoth] subhymenial layers, hypothecium; [if perith] basal excipulum: hyaline, colourless [ascm] paraphyses/-oids: present asci: lecanoralean [asc] tholus: thickened [asc] tholus amyloidity (iodine reaction): present [asc] tholus amyloidity pattern: amyloid with acuate axial body towards the apex (= Bacidia-, Buellia-, Ramalina-types etc) ascospores: (median) 8.0 [asp] shape: narrowly ellipsoidal [asp] length [µm]: (min) 10.0 (low) 12.6 (high) 19.4 (max) 25.5 [asp] width [µm]: (min) 4.0 (low) 4.3 (high) 5.8 (max) 7.0 [asp] septa: absent – spore lumen unilocular, monolocular | present [asp] septa: transversely septate [asp] transversal septa: (low) 0.0 (high) 1.0 (max) 3.0 [asp] pigmentation: hyaline, colourless [asp] perispore, epispore: not apparent secondary metabolites: absent primary photobiont: present secondary photobionts (eg in cephalodia): absent primary photobiont: chlorophytaceous – trebouxiaceous, chlorococcoid.
substrate: bryophytes – mosses, liverworts | wood – dead, living | bark, cork, plant surface – trunks, branches, twigs.
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