Family: Graphidaceae
[ Arthonia sinensigrapha Fée , more, Graphis dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica f. obtusa Leight., Graphis dendritica var. dendritica (Ach.) Ach., Graphis dendritica var. obtusa Mudd, Graphis sinensigrapha (Fée) A. Massal., Hymenodecton dendriticum (Ach.) Leight., Opegrapha dendritica Ach., Phaeographis dendritica var. obtusa (Leight.) Müll. Arg., Phaeographis dendritica var. sinensigrapha (Fée) Zahlbr., Platygramma dendritica (Ach.) G. Mey., Platygramma dendriticum (Ach.) G. Mey.] |
Thallus: crustose, continuous or ±rimose surface: cream-colored, yellowish, pale gray or greenish gray, dull, sometimes mealy, slightly uneven or rugose, without soralia and isidia Apothecia: flush with thallus or little raised, lirellate lirellae: short or oblong, branched, slightly curved, 0.5-3 x 0.3-0.5 mm disc: open, dark brown, with whitish pruina margin: excipular lips absent or inconspicuous; thalline margin thin, entire, in young ascocarps (young parts of the ascocarps) jutting over the disc, in older ascocarps often inconspicuous exciple: brown (to slightly carbonized) basally and laterally, but not distinctly developed epihymenium: brown, 5-15 µm thick hymenium: hyaline, inspersed, 80-120 µm tall, I- paraphyses: c. 1.5 µm thick, with brownish, sparsely branched tips subhymenium: hyaline, c. 10 µm thick asci: 80 x 15-20 µm, 8-spored ascospores: brown, transversely septate, 6-10-locular, 25-45 x 7-9 µm, I+ red or reddish brown Pycnidia and conidia: not found Spot tests: cortex and medulla K+ red, C-, KC-, P+ yellow Secondary metabolites: norstictic and connorstictic acids. Substrate and ecology: on bark World distribution: western Europe as well as tropical to subtropical regions of the New and the Old World Sonoran distribution: southern California. |