Zahlbruckner, A. 1928. Die Gattung Lecanora. Report of the Scientific Results of the Norwegian Expedition to Novaya Zemlya 1921. 44: 1-32.
Thallus epilithic, crustose, uniform, broadly expansive, thin, up to 1.3 mm thick, subtartareous, pale brown or pale brown-dingy, opaque, KHO dirty yellow, CaCl2O2-, above +/- farinose, at last almost smooth, areolate, areolae unequal, mixture of thin and thick, subangular-irregular or oblong, fissures moderately thin and deep, not separated by a very wide opening on either side, 0.3-1.2 mm wide, minutely convex, vaginate throughout, dispersed throughout thallus circumference, soredia and isidia absent, hypothallus lacking; cortex narrow, dingy, formed from intricate hyphae and inspersed; gonidia cystococcoid, globose or subglobose, 14-21 µ broad, glomerulate, medulla white, J-.
Apothecia pressed closely together, +/- near each other, at first immersed in thalline verrucae, soon flattened and lecanorine, appressed, large, 1.3 mm broad, round or subirregular and subangular; disc dry, black, trending towards dark red when wetted, from concave to plane, simple or on both sides composed of many minute discs (pseudocomposite); thalline margin miutely thick, concolourous with thallus or slightly white, slightly constricted towards base, slightly entire or slightly unequal, disc raised above, to vertical +/- plane, cortex outline dirty and pulverulent, hyaline within, 25-30 µ thick, covered over by intricate hyphae, gonidia below cortex and included below hymenium; excipulum not developed; upper hymenium slightly broad, olivaceous, pulverulent, KHO-, NO5 verdigris, otherwise hyaline, minutely foam-inspersed, to 120 µ tall, J red; paraphyses filiform, conglutinate, straight and dense, simple, eseptate, gradually clavulate to apices and submoniliform; asci oblong-clavate, rounded above and enclosed by thick membrane, 8-spored; spores in asci subbiseriate, hyaline, simple, subglobose or broadly ellipsoid, enclosed by thin membrane, 10-12 µ long and 8-9 µwide.
Pycnoconidia not seen.
f. simplex
Disc simple, not pseudocomposite.
f. composita
Disc composed from many minute discs, congested, white margin.